在 python 中使用 .append 定义列表

Question

height, width, device = 99, 99, 99
num_pieces = 3

#create datastructure to hold piece dimensions*

pieces = [[height, width, device]]

for i in range(num_pieces - 1):
    pieces = pieces.append([0,0,0])
    print "initial list"
    print pieces

#get dimentions for the rest of the list starting at second element*

for i in pieces[1: ]:
    print "list in loop"
    print pieces
# get height of the ith piece
    print "please enter the height of piece %d" % (pieces.index(i)+1)
    height = float(raw_input(">>"))
# get width of the ith piece
    print "please enter the width of piece %d" % (pieces.index(i)+1)
    width = float(raw_input(">>"))
# get device of the ith piece
    print "please enter the hanging device of piece %d" % (pieces.index(i)+1)
    device = float(raw_input(">>"))

# test if element is empty
if i == [0,0,0]:
    i = [height, width, device]

#view completeled list of dimensions
print pieces

我认为我的 .append 有问题（我不应该使用 .extend 吗？）

这是我的错误。我知道[1: ] 也有问题，但首先我想弄清楚如何解决 .append 问题。

File "l_long.py", line 36, in <module>
    for i in pieces[1: ]:
TypeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '__getitem__'

Answer 1

我不知道你想做什么，但你的代码有一些缺陷：

pieces = [[height, width, device]]   
# Here 'height', 'width', and 'device' must be defined, else you will get NameError.

num_pieces # Must defined. It may be the length of the list??

pieces = pieces.append([0,0,0]) # This is going to override your list

Answer 2

由于这一行，您会收到错误：

pieces = pieces.append([0,0,0])

它将pieces 的值设置为None，因为append() 列表方法有效地返回了该值。大多数就地更改关联容器对象的容器方法不返回任何内容（Python 使它们看起来好像返回了值 None）。

在您的代码中，这意味着 pieces 在第一次迭代后将其值更改为：

for i in range(num_pieces - 1)

...因此出现了您看到的TypeError。

将行改为简单：

pieces.append([0,0,0])

这个错误应该会消失。

Answer 3

您的代码中有一些错误，我在每次更正时都用 cmets 更正了它们。检查这个我认为这可以解决你的问题：-

height=0   
width=0
device=0
num_pieces=10

# you need to provide initialisation with above fields in your program which is required

pieces = [[height, width, device]]


for i in range(num_pieces - 1):
    '''in your code line below returns null and when pieces become
       null it has no attribute append '''
      # pieces=pieces.append([0,0,0])   
    pieces.append([0,0,0])

#print pieces

j=0

for i in pieces[:]:
   # get height of the ith piece
   #print "please enter the height of piece %d" 
   #height = float(raw_input(">>"))

   '''you can have user provided values
      i have hard coded the values for
      height width and device for the
      time being for simplicity '''

   height=10                                    
   # get width of the ith piece
   #print "please enter the width of piece %d" 
   #width = float(raw_input(">>"))

   width=10
   # get device of the ith piece
   # print "please enter the hanging device of piece %d"
   #device = float(raw_input(">>"))

   device=100

   # test if element is empty
   if i == [0,0,0]:
      i = [height, width, device]

   if j <= len(pieces):
      # in your code no need for (pieces.index(i)+1)
      pieces[j]=i
      j=j+1

##view completeled list of dimensions
print pieces