Python - 在当前 Windows 资源管理器中获取所选文件的路径

Question

我正在尝试在 Python 2.7 中执行 this。我在 C#here 中找到了答案，但在 Python 中重新创建它时遇到了麻烦。建议的答案here 确实解释了我理解的概念，但我不知道如何实现它。

基本上我只想标记一个文件，按 Winkey+C 并复制其路径。我知道如何做热键部分（pyhk，win32 [RegisterHotKey]），但我的问题是解决文件路径。

提前致谢！

Answer 1

这需要大量的修改，但粗略的解决方案如下：

#!python3
import win32gui, time
from win32con import PAGE_READWRITE, MEM_COMMIT, MEM_RESERVE, MEM_RELEASE, PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, WM_GETTEXT
from commctrl import LVM_GETITEMTEXT, LVM_GETITEMCOUNT, LVM_GETNEXTITEM, LVNI_SELECTED
import os
import struct
import ctypes
import win32api

GetWindowThreadProcessId = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId
VirtualAllocEx = ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualAllocEx
VirtualFreeEx = ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualFreeEx
OpenProcess = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess
WriteProcessMemory = ctypes.windll.kernel32.WriteProcessMemory
ReadProcessMemory = ctypes.windll.kernel32.ReadProcessMemory
memcpy = ctypes.cdll.msvcrt.memcpy

def readListViewItems(hwnd, column_index=0):
    # Allocate virtual memory inside target process
    pid = ctypes.create_string_buffer(4)
    p_pid = ctypes.addressof(pid)
    GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, p_pid) # process owning the given hwnd
    hProcHnd = OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, struct.unpack("i",pid)[0])
    pLVI = VirtualAllocEx(hProcHnd, 0, 4096, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE)
    pBuffer = VirtualAllocEx(hProcHnd, 0, 4096, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE)

    # Prepare an LVITEM record and write it to target process memory
    lvitem_str = struct.pack('iiiiiiiii', *[0,0,column_index,0,0,pBuffer,4096,0,0])
    lvitem_buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(lvitem_str)
    copied = ctypes.create_string_buffer(4)
    p_copied = ctypes.addressof(copied)
    WriteProcessMemory(hProcHnd, pLVI, ctypes.addressof(lvitem_buffer), ctypes.sizeof(lvitem_buffer), p_copied)

    # iterate items in the SysListView32 control
    num_items = win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, LVM_GETITEMCOUNT)
    item_texts = []
    for item_index in range(num_items):
        win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, LVM_GETITEMTEXT, item_index, pLVI)
        target_buff = ctypes.create_string_buffer(4096)
        ReadProcessMemory(hProcHnd, pBuffer, ctypes.addressof(target_buff), 4096, p_copied)
        item_texts.append(target_buff.value)

    VirtualFreeEx(hProcHnd, pBuffer, 0, MEM_RELEASE)
    VirtualFreeEx(hProcHnd, pLVI, 0, MEM_RELEASE)
    win32api.CloseHandle(hProcHnd)
    return item_texts

def getSelectedListViewItem(hwnd):
    return win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, LVM_GETNEXTITEM, -1, LVNI_SELECTED)

def getSelectedListViewItems(hwnd):
    items = []
    item = -1
    while True:
        item = win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, LVM_GETNEXTITEM, item, LVNI_SELECTED)
        if item == -1:
            break
        items.append(item)
    return items

def getEditText(hwnd):
    # api returns 16 bit characters so buffer needs 1 more char for null and twice the num of chars
    buf_size = (win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0) +1 ) * 2
    target_buff = ctypes.create_string_buffer(buf_size)
    win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, WM_GETTEXT, buf_size, ctypes.addressof(target_buff))
    return target_buff.raw.decode('utf16')[:-1]# remove the null char on the end

def _normaliseText(controlText):
    '''Remove '&' characters, and lower case.
    Useful for matching control text.'''
    return controlText.lower().replace('&', '')

def _windowEnumerationHandler(hwnd, resultList):
    '''Pass to win32gui.EnumWindows() to generate list of window handle,
    window text, window class tuples.'''
    resultList.append((hwnd, win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd), win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd)))

def searchChildWindows(currentHwnd,
               wantedText=None,
               wantedClass=None,
               selectionFunction=None):
    results = []
    childWindows = []
    try:
        win32gui.EnumChildWindows(currentHwnd,
                      _windowEnumerationHandler,
                      childWindows)
    except win32gui.error:
        # This seems to mean that the control *cannot* have child windows,
        # i.e. not a container.
        return
    for childHwnd, windowText, windowClass in childWindows:
        descendentMatchingHwnds = searchChildWindows(childHwnd)
        if descendentMatchingHwnds:
            results += descendentMatchingHwnds

        if wantedText and \
            not _normaliseText(wantedText) in _normaliseText(windowText):
                continue
        if wantedClass and \
            not windowClass == wantedClass:
                continue
        if selectionFunction and \
            not selectionFunction(childHwnd):
                continue
        results.append(childHwnd)
    return results

w=win32gui

while True:
    time.sleep(5)
    window = w.GetForegroundWindow()
    print("window: %s" % window)
    if (window != 0):
        if (w.GetClassName(window) == 'CabinetWClass'): # the main explorer window
            print("class: %s" % w.GetClassName(window))
            print("text: %s " %w.GetWindowText(window))
            children = list(set(searchChildWindows(window)))
            addr_edit = None
            file_view = None
            for child in children:
                if (w.GetClassName(child) == 'ComboBoxEx32'): # the address bar
                    addr_children = list(set(searchChildWindows(child)))
                    for addr_child in addr_children:
                        if (w.GetClassName(addr_child) == 'Edit'):
                            addr_edit = addr_child
                    pass
                elif (w.GetClassName(child) == 'SysListView32'): # the list control within the window that shows the files
                    file_view = child
            if addr_edit:
                path = getEditText(addr_edit)
            else:
                print('something went wrong - no address bar found')
                path = ''

            if file_view:
                files = [item.decode('utf8') for item in readListViewItems(file_view)]
                indexes = getSelectedListViewItems(file_view)
                print('path: %s' % path)
                print('files: %s' % files)
                print('selected files:')
                for index in indexes:
                    print("\t%s - %s" % (files[index], os.path.join(path, files[index])))
            else:
                print('something went wrong - no file view found')

所以它的作用是不断检查活动窗口是否属于资源管理器窗口使用的类，然后遍历子小部件以查找地址栏和文件列表视图。然后它从列表视图中提取文件列表并请求选定的索引。它还从地址栏中获取并解码文本。
然后将底部的信息组合为您提供完整路径、文件夹路径、文件名或其任意组合。

我在 windows xp 上用 python3.4 测试过这个，但是你需要安装 win32gui 和 win32 conn 包。

Answer 2

如果您希望它用于 Windows Vista 或更高版本（不确定 Vista），请在此处查看我的答案：https://stackoverflow.com/a/52959617/8228163。我混合了一个更正的 James Kent 的答案以使用较新的 Windows 和 Olav 的答案（在该线程上），我把它与较新的 Windows 一起使用并只选择活动窗口。我也解释了如何从所有 Windows 资源管理器窗口中获取文件（Olav 自己说过，我只是在我的回答中再次解释了它）。对于 XP，只需将原始 James Kent 的答案与 Olav 的答案混合即可。我的回答也更好地解释了这一点。

可能 OP 不再需要这个，但也许其他人会 - 我需要它并且没有完整的答案，所以这可能会对某人有所帮助。

感谢 Olav 和 James Kent 的回答，因为我会花更多的时间来尝试找出如何做到这一点（我是 Python/任何语言的初学者 - 只编码了一年，所以需要真的很多时间，也许我不得不将它与另一种语言混合）。再次感谢 OP，感谢他们提出问题并在正确的时间让正确的人回答！ （因为 Olav 在链接中引用的来源不再存在）。

希望这会有所帮助！干杯！

Answer 3

# Import Statement. import subprocess # Trigger subprocess. subprocess.popen(r'explorer /select,"C:\path\of\folder\file"'

Answer 4

抱歉，您尝试实现的目标没有多大意义，因为您可以拥有多个资源管理器窗口，其中选择了文件，多个显示器甚至多个终端会话在同一台机器上运行。