在 C 中管道两个 shell 命令

Question

我正在尝试通过 C 中的程序执行 grep -o colour colourfile.txt | wc -w > newfile.txt，而不是使用命令行。

这是我目前所拥有的：

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main (void) {
    int fd[2];

    pipe(fd);

    if (fork()) {
        // Child process
        dup2(fd[0], 0); // wc reads from the pipe
        close(fd[0]);
        close(fd[1]);
        execlp("wc", "wc", "-w", ">", "newfile.txt", NULL);
    } else {
        // Parent process
        dup2(fd[1], 1); // grep writes to the pipe
        close(fd[0]);
        close(fd[1]);
        execlp("grep", "grep", "-o", "colour", "colourfile.txt", NULL);
    }
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

Answer 1

1. if (fork()) { 表示 parent process 不是 child process，参见 http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/fork.2.html
2. 你应该处理> 就像| 使用open()

以下code 可以工作：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main (void) {
  int pipefd[2];
  pipe(pipefd);

  if (fork()) {
    // Child process
    dup2(pipefd[0], 0); // wc reads from the pipe
    close(pipefd[0]);
    close(pipefd[1]);
    int fd = open("newfile.txt", O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
    dup2(fd, 1);
    close(fd);
    execlp("wc", "wc", "-w", NULL);
  } else {
    // Parent process
    dup2(pipefd[1], 1); // grep writes to the pipe
    close(pipefd[0]);
    close(pipefd[1]);
    execlp("grep", "grep", "-o", "colour", "colourfile.txt", NULL);
  }
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}