将调用记录解析为哈希数组 - Ruby

Question

我正在解析通话记录。成绩单的内容以字符串形式返回，格式如下：

"Operator: Hi, please welcome Bob Smith to the call. Bob Smith: Hello there, thank you for inviting me...Now I will turn the call over to Stacy. Stacy White: Thanks Bob. As he was saying...."

每个新发言者开始发言时没有换行。

我想把上面的字符串变成一个哈希数组。类似于以下内容：

[ { speaker: "Operator",
    content: "Hi, please welcome Bob Smith to the call" },
  { speaker: "Bob Smith",
    content: "Hello there, thank you for inviting me...Now I will turn the call over to Stacy." }, 
  { speaker: "Stacy White",
    content: "Thanks Bob. As he was saying...." }
]

我想我需要使用某种正则表达式来解析它，但不知道如何在花了早上阅读它之后。在这里的任何帮助将不胜感激。

谢谢

更新：

对于可能觉得这很有用的其他人，这是我最终使用以下建议的解决方案得出的结论：

def display_transcript
  transcript_pretty = []
  transcript = self.content
  transcript_split = transcript.split(/\W*([A-Z]\w*\W*\w+):\W*/)[1..-1]
  transcript_split_2d = transcript_split.each_slice(2).to_a
  transcript_split_2d.each do |row|
    blurb = { speaker: row[0], content: row[1]}
    transcript_pretty << blurb
  end

  return transcript_pretty
end

Answer 1

我可以给你一个表达式，你可以用它来分解字符串。 从那里你可以自己承担，我敢肯定，你不希望我带走实现目标的乐趣，是吗？ :>)

string = "Operator: Hi, please welcome Bob Smith to the call. Bob Smith: Hello there, thank you for inviting me...Now I will turn the call over to Stacy. Stacy White: Thanks Bob. As he was saying...."
split_up = string.split(/\W*(\w*\W*\w+):\W*/)[1..-1]
Hash[*split_up]
# {"Operator"=>"Hi, please welcome Bob Smith to the call", "Bob Smith"=>"Hello there, thank you for inviting me...Now I will turn the call over to Stacy", "Stacy White"=>"Thanks Bob. As he was saying...."}

一些解释：正则表达式查找一个或两个单词(\w*\W*\w+)，最后以一个点和一个空格\W* 开头，然后是一个双点，最后是:\W* 后面的空格 此表达式用于拆分数组中的字符串。 结果总是以空字符串开头，因此您可以通过 [1..-1] 摆脱它 接下来，将该 Array 转换为 Hash，第一个元素是键，第二个元素是值，依此类推，直到 Array 结束。

Answer 2

R = /(\S[^:]*):\s*([^:]*[.?!])/

def str_to_hash(str)
  str.gsub(r).with_object({}) { |_,h| h[$1]=$2 }
end

str = "Operator: Hi, please welcome Bob Smith to the call. Bob Smith: Hello there, thank you for inviting me...Now I will turn the call over to Stacy. Stacy White: Thanks Bob. As he was saying...."
str_to_hash(str)
  #=> {"Operator"=>"Hi, please welcome Bob Smith to the call.",
  #=>  "Bob Smith"=>"Hello there, thank you for inviting me...Now I will turn the call over to Stacy.",
       "Stacy White"=>"Thanks Bob. As he was saying...."}

str = "Operator: Bob Smith, what's the value?   Bob Smith: $100,000 or so. Stacy? Stacy White: Thanks Bob. I agree...."
str_to_hash(str)
  #=> {"Operator"=>"Bob Smith, what's the value?",
  #    "Bob Smith"=>"$100,000 or so. Stacy?",
  #    "Stacy White"=>"Thanks Bob. I agree...."}

您可以看到正在运行的正则表达式here。

这使用String#gsub 的形式，它接受一个参数（这里是一个正则表达式）并且没有块，返回一个链接到Enumerator#with_object 的枚举器。¹

我们可以在free-spacing模式下编写正则表达式，使其自文档化。

R = /
    (           # begin capture group 1
      \S        # match a character other than a whitespace
      [^:]*  # match 0+ characters other than a colon
    )           # end capture group 1
    :           # match a colon
    \s*         # match 0+ whitespaces
    (           # begin capture group 2
      [^:]*     # match 0+ characters other than a colon
      [.?!]     # match a period, question mark or exclamation mark
    )           # end capture group 2
    /x          # free-spacing regex definition mode 

因为[^:]* 是贪婪 [.?!] 将匹配冒号或字符串结尾之前的最后一个句点、问号或感叹号。

^{1 请注意，String#gsub 的这种形式与字符替换无关。它只返回匹配项，这些匹配项由第一个块变量 _ 保存。该块变量使用下划线表示它没有在块中使用。}