使用 str.findall 从字典中检索完全匹配

Question

我有以下字典

dictionary = {"car":1234, "light-blue":112, "orange":34, "blue":1, "cargo yellow":35}

还有下面的数据框

df_data = {"sentence": ["the summarine is a cargo yellow and orange", "the sky was an amazing light-blue, you should have seen it", "the grass is green", "why you face is purple?", "Light blue as you! HAHA", "Have you ever use the Jungle exploration?"], "extra":['a','b','c','d', 'e', 'f'] }  
df = pd.DataFrame(df_data)

根据我之前提出的问题，我正在使用以下代码：

df['new_col'] = df.sentence.str.extract(pat = f"({'|'.join(dictionary.keys())})")[0]

但是我有两个问题：第一个是如果句子中有多个字典键，则无法提取它；第二个是即使不存在，它也会检索单词 car。为了解决第一个问题，我使用了以下代码：

df.sentence.str.findall(f"|".join(dictionary.keys())).apply(", ".join)

结果如下：

0    car, orange
1     light-blue
2               
3               
4           blue
5     

但是，我仍然有汽车问题，在这种情况下还有蓝色问题。相反，我想要的是这样的：

0  cargo yellow, orange
1            light-blue
2                   nan  
3                   nan   
4                   nan
5                   nan

此外，您对我如何更改代码以获得此结果有任何建议：

0  cargo yellow, orange
1            light-blue
2                   nan  
3                   nan   
4            light blue
5                   nan

编辑：我尝试了以下代码：

for i in dictionary.keys():
    print(i,"\n",df.sentence.str.findall(rf'\b\W?{i}\W?\b'))

在这种情况下，键“汽车”没有被检索到，但考虑到我的字典有 3000 个键/值，它的效率不是很高。

谢谢！

Answer 1

准备输入数据：

data = {27695: 'I am legit happy because of these news.',
        143703: "Something seems suspicious.I can't recognize that...",
        ...
        48645: 'lol.',
        185265: 'Maybe there is a chance the infinity war sets are next'}

df = pd.DataFrame({"sentence": data.values()}, index=data.keys())

找到完整的单词：

out = df.sentence.str.findall('|'.join([fr'\b{w}\b' for w in dictionary.keys()])) \
                     .apply(lambda l: ','.join(l))

只显示匹配的结果：

>>> out[out != '']
56082      blue,orange
134801            blue
102078            blue
106617            blue
204968            blue
139796    cargo yellow
Name: sentence, dtype: object