创建函数以查找字典中与字符串中找到的字母匹配的值的键（Python）

Question

我想创建一个函数来查找字典中包含的与字符串中的字母匹配的值的键。 这是我的字典：

dict = {'0': {'a','c','d','e','b','f'},
             '1': {'c','b'},
             '2': {'a','d','e','b','g'},
             '3': {'a','c','d','b','g'},
             '4': {'g','c','f','b'},
             '5': {'a','c','d','g','f'},
             '6': {'a','c','d','e','g','f'},
             '7': {'a','c','b'},
             '8': {'a','c','d','e','b','g','f'},
             '9': {'a','c','d','b','g','f'}}

这是我迄今为止尝试创建的函数：

def guess_character(display, state):
    for key, value in display.items():
        if state == "".join(list(value)[:len(state)]):
            return key
        else:
            pass

当我用这些打印语句测试我的函数时：

print(guess_character(seven_segment, 'abed'))
print(guess_character(seven_segment, 'a'))
print(guess_character(seven_segment, 'abcdefg'))

这是我的当前输出：

None
None
None

但是，这是我想要的输出：

{'2', '8', '0'}
{'5', '7', '6', '0', '3', '9', '2', '8'}
{'8'}

如何实现我想要的输出？

Answer 1

Ch3steR 的回答非常好。这个实际上是相同的，但可能更容易理解：

dict = {'0': ['a','c','d','e','b','f'],
             '1': ['c','b'],
             '2': ['a','d','e','b','g'],
             '3': ['a','c','d','b','g'],
             '4': ['g','c','f','b'],
             '5': ['a','c','d','g','f'],
             '6': ['a','c','d','e','g','f'],
             '7': ['a','c','b'],
             '8': ['a','c','d','e','b','g','f'],
             '9': ['a','c','d','b','g','f']}

def listfromstr(input1):
        c = []
        for i in input1:
                c.append(i)
        return c

def guesschar(dict1, str1):
        listofTruekeys = []
        listofstr = listfromstr(str1)
        for i in dict1:
                if all(elem in dict1[i] for elem in listofstr):
                        listofTruekeys.append(i)

        return listofTruekeys

print(guesschar(dict, 'abed'))

输出：

['0', '2', '8']

Answer 2

你可以试试。

您可以使用all来检查key对应的value中是否存在所有字符。

def guess_character(d,state):
    return {k for k,v in d.items() if all(i in v for i in state)}

my_dict =   {'0': {'a','c','d','e','b','f'},
             '1': {'c','b'},
             '2': {'a','d','e','b','g'},
             '3': {'a','c','d','b','g'},
             '4': {'g','c','f','b'},
             '5': {'a','c','d','g','f'},
             '6': {'a','c','d','e','g','f'},
             '7': {'a','c','b'},
             '8': {'a','c','d','e','b','g','f'},
             '9': {'a','c','d','b','g','f'}}

print(guess_character(my_dict, 'abed'))
# {'0', '2', '8'}
print(guess_character(my_dict, 'a'))
# {'0', '2', '3', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'}
print(guess_character(my_dict, 'abcdefg'))
# {'8'}