如何解析字符串以匹配字典？答案

【问题标题】：how to parse a string to match against dictionary?如何解析字符串以匹配字典？
【发布时间】：2016-10-23 16:27:59
【问题描述】：

我有以下代码，仅当“engg_buildinfo”中存在的所有构建位置都与“prod_buildinfo”匹配时，我尝试将“build_info_match”设置为True，目前我相信我遇到了错误，因为prod_buildinfo是一个字符串而不是字典，如何从prod_buildinfo获取对应的构建位置？

代码：-

prod_buildinfo = """|h6. {color:blue} Meta Build{color}|{color:blue}MSM1234.LA.1.9{color}|{color:blue}\\flower\location721\INTEGRATION\CI_MSM1234.LA.1.9-116391-STD.INT-2{color}|
|h6. {color:green}MSM1234{color}|
|h6. GLUE|GLUE.MSM1234.2.0|\\bigelow\zipbuild261\INTEGRATION\GLUE.MSM1234.2.0-00010.1-NOOP_TEST-1|
|h6. PASS|LA.HB.1.3.9|\\flower\location674\INTEGRATION\CI_LA.HB.1.3.9-19602-8x96.1-5|
|h6. MOD|MPSS.TH.2.0.2|\\flower\location678\INTEGRATION\MPSS.TH.2.0.2-00089-M1234FAAAANAAM-1|
|h6. BOOT|BOOT.XF.1.0|\\flower\location675\INTEGRATION\BOOT.XF.1.0-00297-M1234LAB-1|
|h6. TZ|TZ.BF.4.0.1|\\flower\location781\INTEGRATION\TZ.BF.4.0.1-00235-M1234AAAAANAAT-1|
|h6. ADSP|ADSP.1234.2.7.1|\\flower\location714\PROD\ADSP.1234.2.7.1-00121-00355-1|
|h6. SLPI|SLPI.HB.1.0|\\flower\location692\INTEGRATION\SLPI.HB.1.0-00277-M1234AAL-1|
|h6. RPM|RPM.BF.1.6|\\flower\location673\TEST\RPM.BF.1.6-00148-M1234AAAAANAAR-1|
|h6. WIR|WIR.RM.4.3|\\flower\location781\INTEGRATION\WIR.RM.4.3-00092-QCARMSWP-1|
|h6. BF|BF.RM.4.3|\\flower\location698\INTEGRATION\BF.RM.4.3-00022-QCABFSWP-1|
|h6. VIDEO|VIDEO.VE.4.2|\\flower\location682\PROD\VIDEO.VE.4.2-00018-PROD-1|
|h6. CPE_V2|CPE.TSF.2.0|\\flower\location670\INTEGRATION\CPE.TSF.2.0-00003-W9335AAAAAAAAQ-1|
|h6. GI|GI.SPR.1.0|\\nickle\zipbuild165\INTEGRATION\GI.SPR.1.0-10011-GISW-1|
|h6. UNKNOWN|WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0|\\nickle\zipbuild193\PROD\WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0-00013-CNSS_RMZ_WAPI-1|"""

engg_buildinfo = {'TZ':'\\gromit\location1\fw.861','PASS':'\\gromit\apps\pass.61'}

build_info_match = False

for key in engg_buildinfo :
  engg_buildinfo['key'] = prod_buildinfo['key']
  #all the build locations in dict match with buildinfo locations
  build_info_match = True


print build_info_match

输出：-

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "buildinfo.py", line 27, in <module>
    engg_buildinfo['key'] = prod_buildinfo['key']
TypeError: string indices must be integers, not str

【问题讨论】：

第一个错误是您正在检查 egg_buildinfo['key'] 而它必须是不带单引号的 egg_buildinfo[key]，接下来您还没有解析任何字典 - prod_buildinfo 是一个字符串，而不是包含与 egg_buildinfo 中的键相同的键的字典。首先使用正则表达式从字符串中提取字典，然后您可以开始比较结果字典中是否存在合法的关键字。
感谢 dmitryro - 您能否提供一些关于如何使用正则表达式从字符串中提取字典的指导
关于如何将字符串（某些格式注意事项适用）转换为字典 - 请参阅 stackoverflow.com/questions/13675942/converting-string-to-dict 和 codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/106719/… 中的一些示例。关于如何评估正则表达式并使用文字、元字符等形成它们...查看docs.python.org/2/library/re.html、docs.python.org/2/howto/regex.html
除了正则表达式还有其他方法吗？对于这种情况，正则表达式似乎非常复杂
如果您知道要删除哪个字符串，可以将其替换为空字符串，如tutorialspoint.com/python/string_replace.htm

标签： python dictionary

【解决方案1】：

根据我对您的代码的理解，我想出了这个，我认为您可以从这里开始工作，我可以添加更多代码，但我不明白您所说的“dict 中的所有构建位置都与 buildinfo 位置匹配”的意思"

import re
prod_buildinfo = """|h6. {color:blue} Meta Build{color}|{color:blue}MSM1234.LA.1.9{color}|{color:blue}\\flower\location721\INTEGRATION\CI_MSM1234.LA.1.9-116391-STD.INT-2{color}|
    |h6. {color:green}MSM1234{color}|
    |h6. GLUE|GLUE.MSM1234.2.0|\\bigelow\zipbuild261\INTEGRATION\GLUE.MSM1234.2.0-00010.1-NOOP_TEST-1|
    |h6. PASS|LA.HB.1.3.9|\\flower\location674\INTEGRATION\CI_LA.HB.1.3.9-19602-8x96.1-5|
    |h6. MOD|MPSS.TH.2.0.2|\\flower\location678\INTEGRATION\MPSS.TH.2.0.2-00089-M1234FAAAANAAM-1|
    |h6. BOOT|BOOT.XF.1.0|\\flower\location675\INTEGRATION\BOOT.XF.1.0-00297-M1234LAB-1|
    |h6. TZ|TZ.BF.4.0.1|\\flower\location781\INTEGRATION\TZ.BF.4.0.1-00235-M1234AAAAANAAT-1|
    |h6. ADSP|ADSP.1234.2.7.1|\\flower\location714\PROD\ADSP.1234.2.7.1-00121-00355-1|
    |h6. SLPI|SLPI.HB.1.0|\\flower\location692\INTEGRATION\SLPI.HB.1.0-00277-M1234AAL-1|
    |h6. RPM|RPM.BF.1.6|\\flower\location673\TEST\RPM.BF.1.6-00148-M1234AAAAANAAR-1|
    |h6. WIR|WIR.RM.4.3|\\flower\location781\INTEGRATION\WIR.RM.4.3-00092-QCARMSWP-1|
    |h6. BF|BF.RM.4.3|\\flower\location698\INTEGRATION\BF.RM.4.3-00022-QCABFSWP-1|
    |h6. VIDEO|VIDEO.VE.4.2|\\flower\location682\PROD\VIDEO.VE.4.2-00018-PROD-1|
    |h6. CPE_V2|CPE.TSF.2.0|\\flower\location670\INTEGRATION\CPE.TSF.2.0-00003-W9335AAAAAAAAQ-1|
    |h6. GI|GI.SPR.1.0|\\nickle\zipbuild165\INTEGRATION\GI.SPR.1.0-10011-GISW-1|
    |h6. UNKNOWN|WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0|\\nickle\zipbuild193\PROD\WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0-00013-CNSS_RMZ_WAPI-1|"""

engg_buildinfo = {'TZ':'\\gromit\location1\fw.861','PASS':'\\gromit\apps\pass.61'}
prod_buildinfo_dict = {}
# Cleanup unwanted color data like {color:blue} or {color}
prod_buildinfo = re.sub(r'{color.{0,6}}', '', prod_buildinfo)

# Split your file by this string "|h6. "
rows = prod_buildinfo.split("|h6. ")
# Remove the first row because it is empty
rows = rows[1::]

# Create a dictionary from your data
for row in rows:
    #split your rows in columns
    columns = row.split("|")

    #Some data would not have location  
    if len(columns) > 2:
        location = columns[2]
    else:
        location = ""

    # Creating the dictionary
    prod_buildinfo_dict[columns[0]] = location

【讨论】：

理想情况下prod_buildinfo_dict应该看起来像{'GLUE':'\\bigelow\zipbuild261\INTEGRATION\GLUE.MSM1234.2.0-00010.1-NOOP_TEST-1' , 'PASS':'flower\location674\INTEGRATION\CI_LA.HB.1.3.9-19602-8x96.1-5' , 'MOD':'\\flower\location678\INTEGRATION\MPSS.TH.2.0.2-00089-M1234FAAAANAAM-1' ............, 'UNKNOWN':'\\nickle\zipbuild193\PROD\WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0-00013-CNSS_RMZ_WAPI-1'}，上面的代码有冗余数据
澄清一下，我们看到了不必要的数据{color:green}MSM1234{color} \nickle\zipbuild193\PROD\WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0-00013-CNSS_RMZ_WAPI-1 和{color:blue} Meta Build{color} \nickle\zipbuild193\PROD\WIR.ADDON_RM.3.0-00013-CNSS_RMZ_WAPI-1
行上的“{color:color}”数据还是整行？
因此您可以在regexr.com 之类的界面中使用正则表达式来构建一个正则表达式，该表达式将为您提取有效数据 - 否则很难找到包含所有特殊字符的子字符串。
@Cristopher - 整行，|h6. {color:blue} Meta Build{color}|{color:blue}MSM1234.LA.1.9{color}|{color:blue}\\flower\location721\INTEGRATION\CI_MSM1234.LA.1.9-116391-STD.INT-2{color}| |h6. {color:green}MSM1234{color}| 从行中删除