访问嵌套的 JSON [String: Any] 对象并附加到它

Question

使用 swift，我试图访问 JSON 的“locationConstraint”部分中的“locations”对象，如下所示：

        let jsonObj : [String: Any] =
            [
                "attendees": [
                    [
                        "type": "required",
                        "emailAddress": [
                            "name": nameOfRoom,
                            "address": roomEmailAddress
                        ]
                    ]
                ],
                "locationConstraint": [
                    "isRequired": "true",
                    "suggestLocation": "false",
                    "locations": [
                        [
                            "displayName": "First Floor Test Meeting Room 1",
                            "locationEmailAddress": "FirstFloorTestMeetingRoom1@onmicrosoft.com"
                        ],
                        [
                            "displayName": "Ground Floor Test Meeting Room 1",
                            "locationEmailAddress": "GroundFloorTestMeetingRoom1@onmicrosoft.com"
                        ]
                        //and the rest of the rooms below this.. 
                    ]
                ],
                "meetingDuration": durationOfMeeting,
        ]

我正在尝试从该方法之外向位置添加项目（以防止重复代码，因为位置列表可能很大） - 但我在替换回 json 的这一部分时遇到问题..

我的方法：

static func setupJsonObjectForFindMeetingTimeAllRoomsTest(nameOfRoom: String, roomEmailAddress: String, dateStartString: String, dateEndString: String, durationOfMeeting: String, locations: [String]) -> [String: Any] {
    let jsonObj : [String: Any] =
        [
            "attendees": [
                [
                    "type": "required",
                    "emailAddress": [
                        "name": nameOfRoom,
                        "address": roomEmailAddress
                    ]
                ]
            ],
            "meetingDuration": durationOfMeeting
    ]

    let jsonObject = addLocationsToExistingJson(locations:locations, jsonObj: jsonObj)
    return jsonObject
}

以及我将位置添加到现有 json 对象的方法：

static func addLocationsToExistingJson(locations: [String], jsonObj: [String: Any]) -> [String: Any] {
    var  data: [String: Any] = jsonObj

    let locConstraintObj = [
            "isRequired": "true",
            "suggestLocation": "false",
            "locations" : []

        ] as [String : Any]

    //try access locationConstraint part of json
    data["locationConstraint"] = locConstraintObj

    for i in stride(from: 0, to: locations.count, by: 1) {
        let item: [String: Any] =  [
            "displayName": locations[i],
            "locationEmailAddress": locations[i]
        ]

        // get existing items, or create new array if doesn't exist
        //this line below wrong? I need to access data["locationConstraint]["locations"]
        //but an error occurs when i change to the above.. .how do i access it?
        var existingItems = data["locations"] as? [[String: Any]] ?? [[String: Any]]()

        // append the item
        existingItems.append(item)

        // replace back into `data`
       data["locations"] = existingItems
    }
    return data
}

所以最终，我的最终 json 对象应该是这样的：

["meetingDuration": "PT60M", "returnSuggestionReasons": "true", “与会者”：[[“电子邮件地址”：[“地址”： “TestUser6@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com”、“名称”：“N”]、“类型”： "必需"]], "minimumAtendeePercentage": "100", "locationConstraint": ["locations": [["displayName": "一楼测试 会议室 1", "locationEmailAddress": "FirstFloorTestMeetingRoom1@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com"], ["displayName": “一楼测试会议室1”，“locationEmailAddress”： "GroundFloorTestMeetingRoom1@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com"]], “suggestLocation”：“false”，“isRequired”：“true”]，“timeConstraint”： [“activityDomain”：“无限制”，“时隙”：[[“开始”： [“日期时间”：“2019-02-07 14:30:00”，“时区”：“UTC”]，“结束”： ["dateTime": "2019-02-07 15:30:00", "timeZone": "UTC"]]]], "isOrganizerOptional": "true"]

它看起来像这样：

["timeConstraint": ["activityDomain": "unrestricted", "timeslots": [[“开始”：[“日期时间”：“2019-02-08 08:30:00”，“时区”：“UTC”]， “结束”：[“日期时间”：“2019-02-08 09:30:00”，“时区”：“UTC”]]]]， “locationConstraint”：[“suggestLocation”：“false”，“locations”：[]， "isRequired": "true"], "attendees": [["emailAddress": ["address": “TestUser6@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com”、“名称”：“N”]、“类型”： "必需"]], "returnSuggestionReasons": "true", "isOrganizerOptional": "true", "minimumAtendeePercentage": "100", “位置”：[[“位置电子邮件地址”： "FirstFloorTestMeetingRoom1@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com", "displayName": "FirstFloorTestMeetingRoom1@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com"], [“位置电子邮件地址”： "GroundFloorTestMeetingRoom1@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com", "displayName": "GroundFloorTestMeetingRoom1@qubbook.onmicrosoft.com"]], "meetingDuration": "PT60M"]

在 JSON 的 locationConstraint 部分之外添加位置对象的位置。我知道我需要像这样访问我的 json 的 locationConstraint 部分：var existingItems = data["locationConstraint"]!["locations"] as? [[String: Any]] ?? [[String: Any]]() 但这会返回错误：

类型 'Any' 没有下标成员

这是我第一次使用 JSON 并尝试快速操作它们。我将如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

使用模型对象和 Codable 的解决方案

正如 trojanfoe 建议的那样，您应该使用模型对象并直接操作它们。

import Foundation

struct Meeting: Codable {
    var attendees: [Attendee]
    var locationConstraint: LocationConstraint
    var meetingDuration: Int
}

struct Attendee: Codable {
    var type: Type
    var emailAddress: EmailAdress

    enum `Type`: String, Codable {
        case required
    }
}

struct LocationConstraint: Codable {
    var isRequired: Bool
    var suggestLocation: Bool
    var locations: [Location]
}

struct EmailAdress: Codable {
    var name: String
    var address: String
}

struct Location: Codable {
    var displayName: String
    var locationEmailAddress: String
}

首先我们拿你的字典...

let jsonDict: [String: Any] =
    [
        "attendees": [
            [
                "type": "required",
                "emailAddress": [
                    "name": "specificName",
                    "address": "specificAdress"
                ]
            ]
        ],
        "locationConstraint": [
            "isRequired": true,
            "suggestLocation": false,
            "locations": [
                [
                    "displayName": "First Floor Test Meeting Room 1",
                    "locationEmailAddress": "FirstFloorTestMeetingRoom1@onmicrosoft.com"
                ],
                [
                    "displayName": "Ground Floor Test Meeting Room 1",
                    "locationEmailAddress": "GroundFloorTestMeetingRoom1@onmicrosoft.com"
                ]
            ]
        ],
        "meetingDuration": 1800,
]

...并对其进行序列化。

let jsonData = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonDict, options: .prettyPrinted)
print(String(data: jsonData, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8))

然后我们将其解码为我们的会议模型。

var meeting = try JSONDecoder().decode(Meeting.self, from: jsonData)

我们初始化一个新位置并将其附加到我们的 meeting.locationConstraints.locations 数组中。

let newLocation = Location(displayName: "newDisplayName", locationEmailAddress: "newLocationEmailAdress")
meeting.locationConstraint.locations.append(newLocation)

最后再次重新编码我们的模型对象。

let updatedJsonData = try JSONEncoder().encode(meeting)
print(String(data: updatedJsonData, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8))