如何将数组（二维列表）分配给 Python 中的 dict？ [复制]答案

【问题标题】：How to assign an array (two-dimensional list) to a dict in Python? [duplicate]如何将数组（二维列表）分配给 Python 中的 dict？ [复制]
【发布时间】：2019-12-09 00:14:57
【问题描述】：

我想将一个数组（列表中的列表）分配给字典。

为此，我已经尝试过 fromkeys() 方法。但这并没有像我预期的那样工作。

# a list with 3 string elements
list_of_Strings = ['index', 'substance', 'container']
# a list with 3 lists, each list has a few values
index_list = [0,1,2]
substance_list = ['water','oil','acetone']
container_list = ['B100','B200','B300']
list_of_lists = [index_list, substance_list, container_list]

# this line sets all for all dict keys the value to 0
dict_dummy_1 = dict.fromkeys(list_of_Strings,0)

# when I try this line, in every "key value" are all 3 lists from list_of_lists:
# Key -> Value
# index -> index_list, substance_list, container_list
# substance -> index_list, substance_list, container_list
# container -> index_list, substance_list, container_list
dict_dummy_1 = dict.fromkeys(list_of_Strings,list_of_lists)

# but I want to have it like this:
# Key -> Value
# index -> index_list
# substance -> substance_list
# container -> container_list

# with a loop it is possible:
dict_dummy_2 = dict.fromkeys(list_of_Strings,0)
for i in range(len(list_of_Strings)):
    dict_dummy_2[list_of_Strings[i]] = list_of_lists[i]

是否可以避免循环解决方案？它有什么功能吗？非常感谢您提前。 :)

【问题讨论】：

你能添加你的最终输出吗

标签： python arrays list dictionary

【解决方案1】：

这是一个使用 zip 的简单 oneliner：

dict(zip(list_of_Strings,list_of_lists))

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

# a list with 3 string elements
list_of_Strings = ['index', 'substance', 'container']
# a list with 3 lists, each list has a few values
index_list = [0,1,2]
substance_list = ['water','oil','acetone']
container_list = ['B100','B200','B300']
list_of_lists = [index_list, substance_list, container_list]


res = {i:j for i,j in zip(list_of_Strings, list_of_lists)}

print(res)

输出

{'index': [0, 1, 2],
 'substance': ['water', 'oil', 'acetone'],
 'container': ['B100', 'B200', 'B300']}

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

您可以使用 dict-comprehension：

{list_of_Strings[i]: list_of_lists[i] for i in range(len(list_of_Strings))}

【讨论】：

或{key: value for key, value in zip(list_of_Strings, list_of_lists)}