【发布时间】:2021-04-30 18:10:29
【问题描述】:
我开发了 GUI 工具,将 XML 文档显示为可编辑的 JTree,用户可以在 JTree 中选择一个节点并尝试更改 XML 文档中的实际节点值。
我遇到的问题是构建尝试实际更新的正确 Xpath 查询。
这里是 JTree 的 GUI,显示了哪个元素被选中并应该被编辑:
它是一个非常大的 XMl,所以这里是 XML 的折叠 sn-p:
更新(忽略尝试 1 和 2,第一个问题已解决,转到尝试 3 和 4)
尝试 1 #(尝试创建 XPath 查询以更新节点值的相关 Java 方法):
public void updateXmlData(JTree jTree, org.w3c.dom.Document doc, TreeNode parentNode, String oldValue, String newValue) throws XPathExpressionException {
System.out.println("Selected path=" + jTree.getSelectionPath().toString());
String[] pathTockens = jTree.getSelectionPath().toString().split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//for loop to construct xpath query
for (int i = 0; i < pathTockens.length - 1; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
sb.append("//");
} else {
sb.append(pathTockens[i].trim());
sb.append("/");
}
}//end for loop
sb.append("text()");
System.out.println("Constructed XPath Query:" + sb.toString());
//new xpath
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
//compile query
NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xpath.compile(sb.toString()).evaluate(doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
//Make the change on the selected nodes
for (int idx = 0; idx < nodes.getLength(); idx++) {
Node value = nodes.item(idx).getAttributes().getNamedItem("value");
String val = value.getNodeValue();
value.setNodeValue(val.replaceAll(oldValue, newValue));
}
//set the new updated xml doc
SingleTask.currentTask.setDoc(doc);
}
控制台日志:
Selected path=[C:\Users\xyz\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest.xml, Ingest, Property_Maps, identifier, identifieXYZ]
Constructed XPath Query://Ingest/Property_Maps/identifier/text()
Jan 26, 2021 2:04:16 PM com.xyz.XmlToXsdValidator.Views.EditXmlTreeNodeDialogJFrame jButtonOkEditActionPerformed
SEVERE: null
javax.xml.transform.TransformerException: Unable to evaluate expression using this context
at com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.XPath.execute(XPath.java:368)
正如您在日志中看到的:
选定路径=[C:\Users\xyz\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest.xml, Ingest, Property_Maps, identifier, identifieXYZ]
构造的 XPath 查询://Ingest/Property_Maps/identifier/text()
路径是正确的,基本上是Ingest->Property_Maps->identifier->text()
但我得到了:
javax.xml.transform.TransformerException: Unable to evaluate expression using this context
尝试 2 #(尝试创建 XPath 查询以更新节点值的相关 Java 方法):
public void updateXmlData(JTree jTree, org.w3c.dom.Document doc, TreeNode parentNode, String oldValue, String newValue) throws XPathExpressionException {
// Locate the node(s) with xpath
System.out.println("Selected path=" + jTree.getSelectionPath().toString());
String[] pathTockens = jTree.getSelectionPath().toString().split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//loop to construct xpath query
for (int i = 0; i < pathTockens.length - 1; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
sb.append("//");
} else {
sb.append(pathTockens[i].trim());
sb.append("/");
}
}//end loop
sb.append("[text()=");
sb.append("'");
sb.append(oldValue);
sb.append("']");
int lastIndexOfPathChar = sb.lastIndexOf("/");
sb.replace(lastIndexOfPathChar, lastIndexOfPathChar + 1, "");
System.out.println("Constructed XPath Query:" + sb.toString());
//new xpath instance
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
//Make the change on the selected nodes
for (int idx = 0; idx < nodes.getLength(); idx++) {
Node value = nodes.item(idx).getAttributes().getNamedItem("value");
String val = value.getNodeValue();
value.setNodeValue(val.replaceAll(oldValue, newValue));
}
SingleTask.currentTask.setDoc(doc);
}
我能够解决基于异常的 Andreas 注释,并且没有更多异常/错误,但是 XPath 查询没有找到选定的节点。返回空
新更新的代码:
尝试 #3 使用自定义命名空间解析器。参考:https://www.kdgregory.com/index.php?page=xml.xpath
public boolean updateXmlData(JTree jTree, org.w3c.dom.Document doc, TreeNode parentNode, String oldValue, String newValue) throws XPathExpressionException {
System.out.println("Selected path=" + jTree.getSelectionPath().toString());
boolean changed = false;
// Locate the node(s) with xpath
String[] pathTockens = jTree.getSelectionPath().toString().split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//loop to construct xpath query
for (int i = 0; i < pathTockens.length - 1; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
//do nothing
} else if (i == 1) {
sb.append("/ns:" + pathTockens[i].trim());
} else if (i > 1 && i != pathTockens.length - 1) {
sb.append("/ns:" + pathTockens[i].trim());
} else {
//sb.append("/" + pathTockens[i].trim());
}
}//end loop
sb.append("[text()=");
sb.append("'");
sb.append(oldValue);
sb.append("']");
System.out.println("Constructed XPath Query:" + sb.toString());
//new xpath instance
XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath();
xpath.setNamespaceContext(new UniversalNamespaceResolver(SingleTask.currentTask.getXsdFile().getXsdNameSpace()));
NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
//start for
Node node;
String val = null;
for (int idx = 0; idx < nodes.getLength(); idx++) {
if (nodes.item(idx).getAttributes() != null) {
node = nodes.item(idx).getAttributes().getNamedItem("value");
if (node != null) {
val = node.getNodeValue();
node.setNodeValue(val.replaceAll(oldValue, newValue));
changed = true;
break;
}//end if node is found
}
}//end for
//set the new updated xml doc
SingleTask.currentTask.setDoc(doc);
return changed;
}
实现自定义命名空间解析器的类:
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
/**
*
* References:https://www.kdgregory.com/index.php?page=xml.xpath
*/
//custom NamespaceContext clss implementation
public class UniversalNamespaceResolver implements NamespaceContext
{
private String _prefix = "ns";
private String _namespaceUri=null;
private List<String> _prefixes = Arrays.asList(_prefix);
public UniversalNamespaceResolver(String namespaceResolver)
{
_namespaceUri = namespaceResolver;
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public Iterator getPrefixes(String uri)
{
if (uri == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("UniversalNamespaceResolver getPrefixes() URI may not be null");
else if (_namespaceUri.equals(uri))
return _prefixes.iterator();
else if (XMLConstants.XML_NS_URI.equals(uri))
return Arrays.asList(XMLConstants.XML_NS_PREFIX).iterator();
else if (XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_NS_URI.equals(uri))
return Arrays.asList(XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE).iterator();
else
return Collections.emptyList().iterator();
}
@Override
public String getPrefix(String uri)
{
if (uri == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("nsURI may not be null");
else if (_namespaceUri.equals(uri))
return _prefix;
else if (XMLConstants.XML_NS_URI.equals(uri))
return XMLConstants.XML_NS_PREFIX;
else if (XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_NS_URI.equals(uri))
return XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE;
else
return null;
}
@Override
public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix)
{
if (prefix == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("prefix may not be null");
else if (_prefix.equals(prefix))
return _namespaceUri;
else if (XMLConstants.XML_NS_PREFIX.equals(prefix))
return XMLConstants.XML_NS_URI;
else if (XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE.equals(prefix))
return XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE_NS_URI;
else
return null;
}
}
控制台输出:
所选路径=[C:\Users\xyz\DocumentsIngest_LDD.xml, Ingest_LDD, Property_Maps, identifier, identifier1]
构造的 XPath: 查询:/ns:Ingest_LDD/ns:Property_Maps/ns:identifier[text()='identifier1']
尝试 #4(没有自定义命名空间解析器):
public boolean updateXmlData(JTree jTree, org.w3c.dom.Document doc, TreeNode parentNode, String oldValue, String newValue) throws XPathExpressionException {
System.out.println("Selected path=" + jTree.getSelectionPath().toString());
boolean changed = false;
// Locate the node(s) with xpath
String[] pathTockens = jTree.getSelectionPath().toString().split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//loop to construct xpath query
for (int i = 0; i < pathTockens.length - 1; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
//do nothing
} else if (i == 1) {
sb.append("/" + pathTockens[i].trim());
} else if (i > 1 && i != pathTockens.length - 1) {
sb.append("/" + pathTockens[i].trim());
} else {
//sb.append("/" + pathTockens[i].trim());
}
}//end loop
sb.append("[text()=");
sb.append("'");
sb.append(oldValue);
sb.append("']");
System.out.println("Constructed XPath Query:" + sb.toString());
//new xpath instance
XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath();
//WITHOUT CUSTOM NAMESPACE CONTEXT xpath.setNamespaceContext(new UniversalNamespaceResolver(SingleTask.currentTask.getXsdFile().getXsdNameSpace()));
NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
//start for
Node node;
String val = null;
for (int idx = 0; idx < nodes.getLength(); idx++) {
if (nodes.item(idx).getAttributes() != null) {
node = nodes.item(idx).getAttributes().getNamedItem("value");
if (node != null) {
val = node.getNodeValue();
node.setNodeValue(val.replaceAll(oldValue, newValue));
changed = true;
break;
}//end if node is found
}
}//end for
//set the new updated xml doc
SingleTask.currentTask.setDoc(doc);
return changed;
}
控制台输出:
选定路径=[C:\Users\anaim\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest_LDD.xml, Ingest_LDD, Property_Maps, identifier, identifier1]
构造的 XPath 查询:/Ingest_LDD/Property_Maps/identifier[text()='identifier1']
我实际上使用 (https://www.freeformatter.com/xpath-tester.html#ad-output) 在线手动编写了 XPath 查询
抱歉,我无法提供示例 XMl,它太大了。
手动 XPath 查询是:
/Ingest_LDD/Property_Maps/identifier[text()='identifier1']
在线工具成功找到文本并输出:
Element='<identifier xmlns="http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/pds/v1">identifier1</identifier>'
因此,我在尝试 #4 下的代码 & 查询应该可以工作?
用户输入后的更新尝试:
尝试 #5(基于用户的响应,命名空间感知 = TRUE ),相关代码如下
factory.setNamespaceAware(true);
doc = dBuilder.parse(xmlFile);
if (doc!=null)
{
//***NOTE program comes meaning doc is NOT null, however inspecting it shows [#document: null]
doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
}
xpath.setNamespaceContext(new UniversalNamespaceResolver(SingleTask.currentTask.getXsdFile().getXsdNameSpace()));
Node node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
if (node!=null)
{
// See https://docs.oracle.com/javase/9/docs/api/org/w3c/dom/Node.html#setTextContent-java.lang.String-
node.setTextContent(newValue);
SingleTask.currentTask.setDoc(doc);
}
输出(再次找不到节点):
Selected path=[C:\Users\xyz\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest_LDD.xml, Ingest_LDD, name, name1]
Constructed XPath Query:/Ingest_LDD/name[text()='name1']
Error changing value!
尝试 #6(基于用户的响应,命名空间感知 = FALSE)
factory.setNamespaceAware(false);
doc = dBuilder.parse(xmlFile);
if (doc!=null)
{
//***NOTE program comes meaning doc is NOT null, however inspecting it shows [#document: null]
doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
}
//COMMENTED OUT , SINCE NAMESPACE AWARE FALSE xpath.setNamespaceContext(new UniversalNamespaceResolver(SingleTask.currentTask.getXsdFile().getXsdNameSpace()));
Node node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
if (node!=null)
{
// See https://docs.oracle.com/javase/9/docs/api/org/w3c/dom/Node.html#setTextContent-java.lang.String-
node.setTextContent(newValue);
SingleTask.currentTask.setDoc(doc);
}
输出(再次找不到节点):
Selected path=[C:\Users\xyz\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest_LDD.xml, Ingest_LDD, name, name1]
Constructed XPath Query:/Ingest_LDD/name[text()='name1']
Error changing value!
根据(DocumentBuilder.parse(InputStream) returns null),返回为[#document: null] 的文档实际上可能不是问题???
尝试 #7(命名空间感知 FALSE)
同样NamedNodeMap namedNodeMap = doc.getAttributes(); 返回 NULL。
但是,Node firstChild = doc.getFirstChild() 实际上返回的是有效元素!
我将 firstChild 传递给 xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), firstChild , XPathConstants.NODE);,但再次找不到所需的节点。
输出(再次找不到节点):
Selected path=[C:\Users\xyz\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest_LDD.xml, Ingest_LDD, name, name1]
Constructed XPath Query:/Ingest_LDD/name[text()='name1']
Error changing value!
尝试 #8(命名空间感知错误)
我还尝试将doc.getChildNodes() 传递给xpath.evaluate() 而不是doc 对象作为最后的绝望尝试,请参见下面的sn-p。
if (doc != null) {
NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(sb.toString(), doc.getChildNodes(), XPathConstants.NODESET);
String val = null;
Node node;
for (int idx = 0; idx < nodes.getLength(); idx++) {
if (nodes.item(idx).getAttributes() != null) {
node = nodes.item(idx).getAttributes().getNamedItem("value");
if (node != null) {
val = node.getNodeValue();
node.setNodeValue(val.replaceAll(oldValue, newValue));
changed = true;
break;
}//end if node is found
}
}//end for
}
输出(再次找不到节点):
Selected path=[C:\Users\xyz\Documents\XsdToXmlFiles\sampleIngest_LDD.xml, Ingest_LDD, name, name1]
Constructed XPath Query:/Ingest_LDD/name[text()='name1']
Error changing value!
【问题讨论】:
-
这能回答你的问题吗? Unable to evaluate expression in XPath
-
首先,您尝试映射两个不同的数据模型。因此,您需要明确规定规则。例如:你如何表示属性或命名空间?其次,有很多动态构建 XPath 表达式的例子。对于 Shure,Java 语言有一个。如果您打算只使用 in situ 元素节点(而不是假装在另一个应用程序中使用这些节点),则需要以以下形式堆叠位置步骤:
/*[+ preceding 兄弟元素加一 +]。在你的情况下:/*[1]/*[16]/*[1]