如何在 web.py 中解码来自 github 的 POST 数据？

Question

（这个问题与this one 相关——但不一样）

这是我从 github 钩子获得的 POST 数据：

payload=%7B%22pusher%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%22none%22%7D%2C%22repository%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%22test%22%2C%22size%22%3A84%2C%22has_wiki%22%3Atrue%2C%22created_at%22%3A%222012%2F01%2F12%2001%3A04%3A25%20-0800%22%2C%22watchers%22%3A1%2C%22private%22%3Afalse%2C%22fork%22%3Afalse%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgonvaled%2Ftest%22%2C%22pushed_at%22%3A%222012%2F01%2F12%2001%3A05%3A26%20-0800%22%2C%22has_downloads%22%3Atrue%2C%22open_issues%22%3A0%2C%22has_issues%22%3Atrue%2C%22homepage%22%3A%22%22%2C%22description%22%3A%22%22%2C%22forks%22%3A1%2C%22owner%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%22gonvaled%22%2C%22email%22%3A%22gonvaled%40gonvaled.com%22%7D%7D%2C%22forced%22%3Afalse%2C%22after%22%3A%2214209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c%22%2C%22deleted%22%3Afalse%2C%22ref%22%3A%22refs%2Fheads%2Fmaster%22%2C%22commits%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22before%22%3A%2214209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c%22%2C%22compare%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgonvaled%2Ftest%2Fcompare%2F1420937...1420937%22%2C%22created%22%3Afalse%7D

我可以用这个解码：

urllib.unquote(data)

得到这个：

payload={"pusher":{"name":"none"},"repository":{"name":"test","size":84,"has_wiki":true,"created_at":"2012/01/12 01:04:25 -0800","watchers":1,"private":false,"fork":false,"url":"https://github.com/gonvaled/test","pushed_at":"2012/01/12 01:05:26 -0800","has_downloads":true,"open_issues":0,"has_issues":true,"homepage":"","description":"","forks":1,"owner":{"name":"gonvaled","email":"gonvaled@gonvaled.com"}},"forced":false,"after":"14209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c","deleted":false,"ref":"refs/heads/master","commits":[],"before":"14209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c","compare":"https://github.com/gonvaled/test/compare/1420937...1420937","created":false}

我可以在那里看到 JSON，在 payload= 位之后。我的问题是：完整数据的格式是什么？如何使用标准 python 库仅获取有效负载位；我宁愿避免自己拆分字符串，因为我不知道特殊情况。

github help page 为 Sinatra 服务器提供了这个建议的实现：

post '/' do
  push = JSON.parse(params[:payload])
  "I got some JSON: #{push.inspect}"
end

如何使用标准库在 python 中处理这个params 数组？那个 Ruby 代码最 Pythonic 的实现是什么？我的最终目标是将完整的 POST 数据作为 python 字典进行访问。

Answer 1

试试这个：

import json
import urlparse
data = urlparse.parse_qs(r)
print json.loads(r['payload'][0])

r 是您收到的响应字符串。

见http://docs.python.org/library/urlparse.html#urlparse.parse_qs

Answer 2

import urlparse
import json
s = "payload=%7B%22pusher%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%22none%22%7D%2C%22repository%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%22test%22%2C%22size%22%3A84%2C%22has_wiki%22%3Atrue%2C%22created_at%22%3A%222012%2F01%2F12%2001%3A04%3A25%20-0800%22%2C%22watchers%22%3A1%2C%22private%22%3Afalse%2C%22fork%22%3Afalse%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgonvaled%2Ftest%22%2C%22pushed_at%22%3A%222012%2F01%2F12%2001%3A05%3A26%20-0800%22%2C%22has_downloads%22%3Atrue%2C%22open_issues%22%3A0%2C%22has_issues%22%3Atrue%2C%22homepage%22%3A%22%22%2C%22description%22%3A%22%22%2C%22forks%22%3A1%2C%22owner%22%3A%7B%22name%22%3A%22gonvaled%22%2C%22email%22%3A%22gonvaled%40gonvaled.com%22%7D%7D%2C%22forced%22%3Afalse%2C%22after%22%3A%2214209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c%22%2C%22deleted%22%3Afalse%2C%22ref%22%3A%22refs%2Fheads%2Fmaster%22%2C%22commits%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22before%22%3A%2214209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c%22%2C%22compare%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fgonvaled%2Ftest%2Fcompare%2F1420937...1420937%22%2C%22created%22%3Afalse%7D"
L = urlparse.parse_qsl(s)
for k, v in L:
    print k
    print json.loads(v)

给予

payload
{u'forced': False, u'compare': u'https://github.com/gonvaled/...1420937', ... 
 u'before': u'14209371dcbdd95cc3ef5c4a07d80edd42f1295c'}