无法让 python 脚本输出图形？

Question

我是这个平台以及整个软件开发和编码的新手。我需要一些帮助才能让我的 python 脚本工作并输出图表。我让它在 MATLAB 中工作，而不是在 Python 中，当我在 VSCode 中运行调试时没有任何错误，但它没有按我想要的那样工作。

由于某些原因，在绘图部分它没有解析 max_range（黄色波浪线），但它在代码的其他地方被解析。我不确定这是怎么坏的？

我的程序在 GitHub 上的一个开放 repo 中，所以如果可以的话，请看看并提供帮助！

https://github.com/ashfletch/projectile-motion-project/blob/main/projectile_motion/projectile.py

我最终想让程序与 GUI 一起工作，但我还没有遇到这个障碍。

谢谢

灰

python 脚本：projectile_motion.py

import argparse
import logging
import math
import os
import sys
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, PhotoImage

import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import numpy as np

def trajectory(x0: int, y0: int, v0: int, theta: int, g: float) -> tuple:
    launch_angle = (theta * (math.pi / 180)) # Converts launch angle into radians
    max_range = int(((v0**2) / g) * (math.sin(2 * launch_angle))) # Calculates range in x-direction (using vector multiplication)
    x_step = int(max_range / 100) # Calculates step, using 100 values for plotting up to the range
    x_values = []
    for value in range(x0, max_range, x_step):
        x_values.append(value)
    
    y_values = []
    for x in x_values:
        y_values.append(((x * math.tan(launch_angle)) - g / (2 * (v0**2) *
         (math.cos(launch_angle))**2) * x**2) + y0)
    return (x_values, y_values)


def projectilemotion(x0: int, y0: int, v0: int, theta: int, g: float):
    pass
    """projectlemotion requires 5 user input arguments which are as follows;
    Args:
        x0: Initial displacement in 'x' domain in [m].
        y0: Initial displacement in 'y' domain in [m].
        v0: Initial velocity of projectile in [m/s].
        theta: launch angle of projectile in [degrees]
        g: The acceleration due to gravity for either Earth or Moon in [m/s**2].
    Returns:
        A plotted trajectory of the projectile under the conditions defined by
          the args above, calculating the following outputs:
        
        xPeak: the value of x [m] at which the yPeak is achieved.
        yPeak: the maximum displacement in y-direction [m].
        maxRange: the maximum displacement in x-direction [m].
    
    Raises:
        Error: 
    """ 

def plot(x_values, y_values):
    plt.plot(x_values, y_values)
    plt.axis([0, max_range, 0, max(y_values)])
    plt.xlabel('Range [m]')
    plt.ylabel('Height [m]')
    plt.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    trajectory(0, 0, 940, 45, 9.81)

Answer 1

Max_range 未在您提供的代码中定义。你忘记了一些事情。此外，你不需要数学模块，因为你有 numpy.因此，我将涉及“数学”的语句替换为使用“numpy”的等价语句。这是您的代码的工作版本： 注意：我注释掉了不必要的导入。

#import argparse # For the moment, you don't use it. But you can uncomment it later.
#import logging
#import math # you don't need it since you have numpy
#import os
#import sys
#import tkinter as tk
#from tkinter import filedialog, PhotoImage

import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import numpy as np

def trajectory(x0: int, y0: int, v0: int, theta: int, g: float) -> tuple:
    launch_angle = (theta * (np.pi / 180)) # Converts launch angle into radians
    max_range = int(((v0**2) / g) * (np.sin(2 * launch_angle))) # Calculates range in x-direction (using vector multiplication)
    x_step = int(max_range / 100) # Calculates step, using 100 values for plotting up to the range
    x_values = []
    for value in range(x0, max_range, x_step):
        x_values.append(value)
    
    y_values = []
    for x in x_values:
        y_values.append(((x * np.tan(launch_angle)) - g / (2 * (v0**2) *
         (np.cos(launch_angle))**2) * x**2) + y0)
    return (x_values, y_values)


def projectilemotion(x0: int, y0: int, v0: int, theta: int, g: float):
    pass
    """projectlemotion requires 5 user input arguments which are as follows;
    Args:
        x0: Initial displacement in 'x' domain in [m].
        y0: Initial displacement in 'y' domain in [m].
        v0: Initial velocity of projectile in [m/s].
        theta: launch angle of projectile in [degrees]
        g: The acceleration due to gravity for either Earth or Moon in [m/s**2].
    Returns:
        A plotted trajectory of the projectile under the conditions defined by
          the args above, calculating the following outputs:
        
        xPeak: the value of x [m] at which the yPeak is achieved.
        yPeak: the maximum displacement in y-direction [m].
        maxRange: the maximum displacement in x-direction [m].
    
    Raises:
        Error: 
    """ 

def plot(x_values, y_values):
    plt.plot(x_values, y_values)

    #plt.axis([0, max_range, 0, max(y_values)]) 
    #Commented because max_range is nowhere defined
    
    plt.xlabel('Range [m]')
    plt.ylabel('Height [m]')
    plt.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    x_values, y_values= trajectory(0, 0, 940, 45, 9.81)
    # because trajectory returns 2 vectors...

    # and you forgot to call plot
    plot(x_values,y_values)

最好的问候， 斯蒂芬