如何在 mac 上使用 pipenv？

Question

通过 pip(pip install pipenv) 安装时，在 zsh shell 上找不到命令pipenv。

如果通过brew安装：brew install pipenv，然后运行pipenv shell，报错

Loading .env environment variables...
Launching subshell in virtual environment...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/bin/pipenv", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(cli())
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/core.py", line 829, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/core.py", line 782, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/core.py", line 1259, in invoke
    return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/core.py", line 1066, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/core.py", line 610, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/decorators.py", line 73, in new_func
    return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/click/core.py", line 610, in invoke
    return callback(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/cli/command.py", line 429, in shell
    do_shell(
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/core.py", line 2387, in do_shell
    shell.fork_compat(*fork_args)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/shells.py", line 106, in fork_compat
    c = pexpect.spawn(self.cmd, ["-i"], dimensions=(dims.lines, dims.columns))
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/pexpect/pty_spawn.py", line 205, in __init__
    self._spawn(command, args, preexec_fn, dimensions)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/pipenv/2020.11.15/libexec/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pipenv/vendor/pexpect/pty_spawn.py", line 276, in _spawn
    raise ExceptionPexpect('The command was not found or was not ' +
pipenv.vendor.pexpect.exceptions.ExceptionPexpect: The command was not found or was not executable: /use/bin/zsh.

没有命名/use/bin/zsh 的路径。为什么不稳定？

shell路径是

echo $SHELL
/bin/zsh

Answer 1

你问了两个问题，真的。我将在下面的单独部分中回答每个问题：

如何解决该错误

Loading .env environment variables...
...
The command was not found or was not executable: /use/bin/zsh.

看起来像in your .env file，你有PIPENV_SHELL=/use/bin/zsh。这是不正确的。相反，它应该是

PIPENV_SHELL=/bin/zsh

甚至干脆

PIPENV_SHELL=zsh

或者您也可以将其删除。然后pipenv shell 将使用与您调用它时相同的 shell。

如何在macOS上正确安装pipenv

在 macOS 上安装 pipenv 的正确方法有点复杂，但如果您不想在升级 Python 版本时遇到问题，这是唯一的方法：

1. 撤消到目前为止所做的操作：

   % pip uninstall pipenv
   % brew uninstall pipenv
   

2. 将以下内容添加到您的 .zshrc 文件中：

   eval "$( brew shellenv )"
   export PYENV_VERSION=3.9.5  # Set your preferred Python version.
   export PYENV_ROOT=~/.pyenv
   export PIPX_BIN_DIR=~/.local/bin
   export -U PATH path         # -U eliminates duplicates
   path=( 
       $PIPX_BIN_DIR
       $PYENV_ROOT/{bin,shims} 
       $path
   )
   

3. 打开一个新的终端窗口（使上述更改生效）并执行以下操作：

   % brew install pyenv
   % pyenv install $PYENV_VERSION # Install your preferred Python.
   % pyenv global $PYENV_VERSION  # Make it your default Python.
   % pip install -U pip           # Update pip.
   % pip install -U --user pipx   # Install pipx into ~/.local/bin
   % pipx install pipenv          # pipx is like brew but for Python.
   

4. 将以下内容添加到您的 .zshrc 文件中：

   eval "$( pyenv init - )"
   eval "$( pip completion --zsh )"
   eval "$( register-python-argcomplete pipx )"
   eval "$( pipenv --completion )"
   

5. 重启你的shell（通过输入exec zsh或打开一个新的终端窗口）以使上述生效。