【问题标题】:How to map a json with nested objects of same type in Flutter?如何在 Flutter 中使用相同类型的嵌套对象映射 json?
【发布时间】:2020-02-19 04:59:48
【问题描述】:

我需要在 Flutter 中映射这个 json,我尝试使用 JsonCodec 的 fromMap 但抛出 StackOverflowError。任何建议都会非常受欢迎。

{
"items": [
    {
        "id": 59,
        "name": "Trastornos de la glándula tiroides",
        "parent": {
            "id": 58,
            "name": "Enfermedades endócrinas",
            "parent": null,
            "diagnosis_classifications": {
                "count": 1,
                "items": [
                    {
                        "id": 58,
                        "name": "CIE-10 Diagnósticos",
                        "code": "E00-E35"
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        "diagnosis_classifications": {
            "count": 1,
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 59,
                    "name": "CIE-10 Diagnósticos",
                    "code": "E00-E07"
                }
            ]
        }
    }
]

}

【问题讨论】:

    标签: json flutter dart


    【解决方案1】:

    您可以使用var payload = payloadFromJson(jsonString);
    您可以在完整代码中看到长示例 json 字符串
    相关类

    // To parse this JSON data, do
    //
    //     final payload = payloadFromJson(jsonString);
    
    import 'dart:convert';
    
    Payload payloadFromJson(String str) => Payload.fromJson(json.decode(str));
    
    String payloadToJson(Payload data) => json.encode(data.toJson());
    
    class Parent {
        int id;
        String name;
        Payload parent;
        DiagnosisClassifications diagnosisClassifications;
    
        Parent({
            this.id,
            this.name,
            this.parent,
            this.diagnosisClassifications,
        });
    
        factory Parent.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => Parent(
            id: json["id"] == null ? null : json["id"],
            name: json["name"] == null ? null : json["name"],
            parent: json["parent"] == null ? null : Payload.fromJson(json["parent"]),
            diagnosisClassifications: json["diagnosis_classifications"] == null ? null : DiagnosisClassifications.fromJson(json["diagnosis_classifications"]),
        );
    
        Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
            "id": id == null ? null : id,
            "name": name == null ? null : name,
            "parent": parent == null ? null : parent.toJson(),
            "diagnosis_classifications": diagnosisClassifications == null ? null : diagnosisClassifications.toJson(),
        };
    }
    
    class Payload {
        int id;
        String name;
        Parent parent;
        DiagnosisClassifications diagnosisClassifications;
    
        Payload({
            this.id,
            this.name,
            this.parent,
            this.diagnosisClassifications,
        });
    
        factory Payload.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => Payload(
            id: json["id"] == null ? null : json["id"],
            name: json["name"] == null ? null : json["name"],
            parent: json["parent"] == null ? null : Parent.fromJson(json["parent"]),
            diagnosisClassifications: json["diagnosis_classifications"] == null ? null : DiagnosisClassifications.fromJson(json["diagnosis_classifications"]),
        );
    
        Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
            "id": id == null ? null : id,
            "name": name == null ? null : name,
            "parent": parent == null ? null : parent.toJson(),
            "diagnosis_classifications": diagnosisClassifications == null ? null : diagnosisClassifications.toJson(),
        };
    }
    
    class DiagnosisClassifications {
        int count;
        List<Item> items;
    
        DiagnosisClassifications({
            this.count,
            this.items,
        });
    
        factory DiagnosisClassifications.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => DiagnosisClassifications(
            count: json["count"] == null ? null : json["count"],
            items: json["items"] == null ? null : List<Item>.from(json["items"].map((x) => Item.fromJson(x))),
        );
    
        Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
            "count": count == null ? null : count,
            "items": items == null ? null : List<dynamic>.from(items.map((x) => x.toJson())),
        };
    }
    
    class Item {
        int id;
        String name;
        String code;
    
        Item({
            this.id,
            this.name,
            this.code,
        });
    
        factory Item.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => Item(
            id: json["id"] == null ? null : json["id"],
            name: json["name"] == null ? null : json["name"],
            code: json["code"] == null ? null : json["code"],
        );
    
        Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
            "id": id == null ? null : id,
            "name": name == null ? null : name,
            "code": code == null ? null : code,
        };
    }
    

    完整代码

    import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
    // To parse this JSON data, do
    //
    //     final payload = payloadFromJson(jsonString);
    
    import 'dart:convert';
    
    Payload payloadFromJson(String str) => Payload.fromJson(json.decode(str));
    
    String payloadToJson(Payload data) => json.encode(data.toJson());
    
    class Parent {
      int id;
      String name;
      Payload parent;
      DiagnosisClassifications diagnosisClassifications;
    
      Parent({
        this.id,
        this.name,
        this.parent,
        this.diagnosisClassifications,
      });
    
      factory Parent.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => Parent(
        id: json["id"] == null ? null : json["id"],
        name: json["name"] == null ? null : json["name"],
        parent: json["parent"] == null ? null : Payload.fromJson(json["parent"]),
        diagnosisClassifications: json["diagnosis_classifications"] == null ? null : DiagnosisClassifications.fromJson(json["diagnosis_classifications"]),
      );
    
      Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "id": id == null ? null : id,
        "name": name == null ? null : name,
        "parent": parent == null ? null : parent.toJson(),
        "diagnosis_classifications": diagnosisClassifications == null ? null : diagnosisClassifications.toJson(),
      };
    }
    
    class Payload {
      int id;
      String name;
      Parent parent;
      DiagnosisClassifications diagnosisClassifications;
    
      Payload({
        this.id,
        this.name,
        this.parent,
        this.diagnosisClassifications,
      });
    
      factory Payload.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => Payload(
        id: json["id"] == null ? null : json["id"],
        name: json["name"] == null ? null : json["name"],
        parent: json["parent"] == null ? null : Parent.fromJson(json["parent"]),
        diagnosisClassifications: json["diagnosis_classifications"] == null ? null : DiagnosisClassifications.fromJson(json["diagnosis_classifications"]),
      );
    
      Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "id": id == null ? null : id,
        "name": name == null ? null : name,
        "parent": parent == null ? null : parent.toJson(),
        "diagnosis_classifications": diagnosisClassifications == null ? null : diagnosisClassifications.toJson(),
      };
    }
    
    class DiagnosisClassifications {
      int count;
      List<Item> items;
    
      DiagnosisClassifications({
        this.count,
        this.items,
      });
    
      factory DiagnosisClassifications.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => DiagnosisClassifications(
        count: json["count"] == null ? null : json["count"],
        items: json["items"] == null ? null : List<Item>.from(json["items"].map((x) => Item.fromJson(x))),
      );
    
      Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "count": count == null ? null : count,
        "items": items == null ? null : List<dynamic>.from(items.map((x) => x.toJson())),
      };
    }
    
    class Item {
      int id;
      String name;
      String code;
    
      Item({
        this.id,
        this.name,
        this.code,
      });
    
      factory Item.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => Item(
        id: json["id"] == null ? null : json["id"],
        name: json["name"] == null ? null : json["name"],
        code: json["code"] == null ? null : json["code"],
      );
    
      Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "id": id == null ? null : id,
        "name": name == null ? null : name,
        "code": code == null ? null : code,
      };
    }
    
    void main() => runApp(MyApp());
    
    class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
      // This widget is the root of your application.
      @override
      Widget build(BuildContext context) {
        return MaterialApp(
          title: 'Flutter Demo',
          theme: ThemeData(
            // This is the theme of your application.
            //
            // Try running your application with "flutter run". You'll see the
            // application has a blue toolbar. Then, without quitting the app, try
            // changing the primarySwatch below to Colors.green and then invoke
            // "hot reload" (press "r" in the console where you ran "flutter run",
            // or simply save your changes to "hot reload" in a Flutter IDE).
            // Notice that the counter didn't reset back to zero; the application
            // is not restarted.
            primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
          ),
          home: MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
        );
      }
    }
    
    class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
      MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key);
    
      // This widget is the home page of your application. It is stateful, meaning
      // that it has a State object (defined below) that contains fields that affect
      // how it looks.
    
      // This class is the configuration for the state. It holds the values (in this
      // case the title) provided by the parent (in this case the App widget) and
      // used by the build method of the State. Fields in a Widget subclass are
      // always marked "final".
    
      final String title;
    
      @override
      _MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
    }
    
    class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
      int _counter = 0;
      String jsonStr = '''  {
            "id": 59,
            "name": "Trastornos de la glándula tiroides",
            "parent": {
                "id": 58,
                "name": "Enfermedades endócrinas",
                "parent" : {
                "id": 60,
                "name": "Enfermedades endócrinas",
                "parent" : null,
                "diagnosis_classifications": {
                    "count": 1,
                    "items": [
                        {
                            "id": 60,
                            "name": "CIE-10 Diagnósticos",
                            "code": "E00-E35"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            },
                "diagnosis_classifications": {
                    "count": 1,
                    "items": [
                        {
                            "id": 58,
                            "name": "CIE-10 Diagnósticos",
                            "code": "E00-E35"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            }
    
        }  ''';
    
      void _incrementCounter() {
        final payload = payloadFromJson(jsonStr);
        print('payload.id ${payload.id}');
        print('payload.parent.id ${payload.parent.id}');
        print('payload.parent.parent.id ${payload.parent.parent.id}');
        setState(() {
          // This call to setState tells the Flutter framework that something has
          // changed in this State, which causes it to rerun the build method below
          // so that the display can reflect the updated values. If we changed
          // _counter without calling setState(), then the build method would not be
          // called again, and so nothing would appear to happen.
          _counter++;
        });
      }
    
      @override
      Widget build(BuildContext context) {
        // This method is rerun every time setState is called, for instance as done
        // by the _incrementCounter method above.
        //
        // The Flutter framework has been optimized to make rerunning build methods
        // fast, so that you can just rebuild anything that needs updating rather
        // than having to individually change instances of widgets.
        return Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            // Here we take the value from the MyHomePage object that was created by
            // the App.build method, and use it to set our appbar title.
            title: Text(widget.title),
          ),
          body: Center(
            // Center is a layout widget. It takes a single child and positions it
            // in the middle of the parent.
            child: Column(
              // Column is also a layout widget. It takes a list of children and
              // arranges them vertically. By default, it sizes itself to fit its
              // children horizontally, and tries to be as tall as its parent.
              //
              // Invoke "debug painting" (press "p" in the console, choose the
              // "Toggle Debug Paint" action from the Flutter Inspector in Android
              // Studio, or the "Toggle Debug Paint" command in Visual Studio Code)
              // to see the wireframe for each widget.
              //
              // Column has various properties to control how it sizes itself and
              // how it positions its children. Here we use mainAxisAlignment to
              // center the children vertically; the main axis here is the vertical
              // axis because Columns are vertical (the cross axis would be
              // horizontal).
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
              children: <Widget>[
                Text(
                  'You have pushed the button this many times:',
                ),
                Text(
                  '$_counter',
                  style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.display1,
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
            onPressed: _incrementCounter,
            tooltip: 'Increment',
            child: Icon(Icons.add),
          ), // This trailing comma makes auto-formatting nicer for build methods.
        );
      }
    }
    

    输出

    I/flutter ( 8924): payload.id 59
    I/flutter ( 8924): payload.parent.id 58
    I/flutter ( 8924): payload.parent.parent.id 60
    

    【讨论】:

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