Android 中的 <compatible-screens>

Question

您好，我正在尝试将屏幕尺寸限制为仅适用于 Google Play 中的手机（即平板电脑）。在我找到这个article 之后，我将它添加到我的清单文件中：

<compatible-screens>
    <!-- all small size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
    <!-- all normal size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
</compatible-screens>

但现在使用 5.5++ 英寸手机的用户似乎无法安装我的应用程序。接下来我还找到了这个article并在里面放了图片：

我的第一个问题 - 是否可以通过特定的英寸值来限制屏幕尺寸，或者我只能使用小、正常、大和 xlarge 等标签？

在某个时候，我决定通过像这样更新清单将支持英寸大小增加到 7：

<compatible-screens>
    <!-- all small size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
    <!-- all normal size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
    <!-- all large size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="large" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="large" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="large" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="large" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
</compatible-screens>

但是5.5寸甚至5.2寸手机的用户仍然无法安装应用。

所以我的第二个问题 - 我做错了什么或不明白？

老实说，我阅读了有关 stackoverflow 的所有类似问题以及 android 文档中的文章，但没有找到正确的答案。谢谢。

Answer 1

编辑 (2016-12-21)

在 Bryan 建议使用构建工具 25.0.1 之后，我的解决方案不再出现构建错误：

<compatible-screens>
<!-- all small size screens -->
<screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xxhdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xxxhdpi" />
<!-- all normal size screens -->
<screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xxhdpi" />
<screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xxxhdpi" />

但是... 在新版本中，一些设备未出现在受支持的设备列表（Google Play 控制台）中：Google Pixel、Nexus 5x、Google Pixel XL、Nexus 6、Nexus 6P。

这就是为什么我的新解决方案看起来像这样：

<!-- just handsets allowed-->
<compatible-screens>
    <!-- all small size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="ldpi" /> <!-- 120 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="mdpi" /> <!-- 160 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="hdpi" /> <!-- 240 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="280" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" /> <!-- 320 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="360" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="420" /> <!-- Workaround Google Pixel, Nexus 5x -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xxhdpi" /> <!-- 480 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="560" /> <!-- Workaround Google Pixel XL, Nexus 6, Nexus 6P -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xxxhdpi" />  <!-- 640 -->
    <!-- all normal size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="ldpi" /> <!-- 120 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="mdpi" /> <!-- 160 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="hdpi" /> <!-- 240 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="280" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />  <!-- 320 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="360" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="420" /> <!-- Workaround Google Pixel, Nexus 5x -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xxhdpi" /> <!-- 480 -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="560" /> <!-- Workaround Google Pixel XL, Nexus 6, Nexus 6P -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xxxhdpi" /> <!-- 640 -->
</compatible-screens>

旧：

根据 Bryan 的回答，我的清单 sn-p 如下所示：

 <!-- just handsets allowed-->
<compatible-screens>
    <!-- all small size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="ldpi" /> <!-- approximately 120 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="mdpi" /> <!-- approximately 160 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="hdpi" /> <!-- approximately 240 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="280" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xhdpi"/> <!-- approximately 320 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="360" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="420" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="480" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="560" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="640" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <!-- all normal size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="ldpi" /> <!-- approximately 120 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="mdpi" /> <!-- approximately 160 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="hdpi" /> <!-- approximately 240 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="280" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xhdpi"/> <!-- approximately 320 dpi -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="360" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="420" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="480" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="560" /> <!-- Workaround -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="640" /> <!-- Workaround -->
</compatible-screens>

无法使用 Bryan 的解决方案，因为我遇到了编译错误：“AAPT: String types not allowed (at 'screenDensity' with value 'xxxhdpi')”

它适用于（较新的）设备，例如 Google Pixel (2.6 * 160 dp = 416 dp -> 420dp -> explanation:) / Pixel XL (3.5 * 160 dp = 560 dp) 或三星 Galaxy S6 (4.0 * 160 dp = 640 dp）。 dp 值在此处描述：https://material.io/devices/

我认为这是可行的，因为我上面提到的设备出现在 Google Play 控制台的“支持的设备”列表中。

Answer 2

您似乎正试图将屏幕尺寸限制为仅限手机，而不是平板电脑。很难从您的问题中辨别出来，但无论哪种方式，我都认为我可以消除混乱。

当您在清单中声明 <compatible-screens> 时，您必须声明每个您希望您的应用兼容的屏幕配置：

您必须声明其中的每一项；尺寸和任意组合 您未指定的密度被视为屏幕配置 与您的应用程序不兼容。

我怀疑你提到的5.5+英寸手机的密度比xhdpi高；例如xxhdpi 或xxxhdpi。文档中省略了这些密度（因为文档已过时或不完整），但仍然相关；它们记录在<compatible-screens> 页面上。

因此，如果您希望您的应用与更高密度的设备兼容，则必须在 <compatible-screens> 元素中包含这些密度。但更简单的方法是改用<supports-screens> 元素。根据文档，<supports-screens> 元素不考虑密度：

注意：虽然您也可以将<compatible-screens> 元素用于相反的场景（当您的应用程序与 较小的屏幕），如果您改为使用 <supports-screens> 将在下一节中讨论，因为它 不需要您指定应用程序的每个屏幕密度 支持。

有了这个，您只需在清单中指定以下内容：

<supports-screens android:smallScreens="true"
                  android:normalScreens="true"
                  android:largeScreens="false"
                  android:xlargeScreens="false"
                  android:largestWidthLimitDp="840"/>

largestWidthLimitDp 属性应该不是必需的，但根据 density breakpoints 的 Material Design 文档，840dp 对于手机来说似乎是一个很好的限制。

否则，如果您希望更精细地控制您的应用与哪些设备兼容，您仍然可以使用<compatible-screens> 标签：

<compatible-screens>
    <!-- all small size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xxhdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="small" android:screenDensity="xxxhdpi" />
    <!-- all normal size screens -->
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="ldpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="mdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="hdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xhdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xxhdpi" />
    <screen android:screenSize="normal" android:screenDensity="xxxhdpi" />
</compatible-screens>