如何在 Android L 中使用“PackageInstaller”类安装/更新/删除 APK？

Question

请检查下面的类并给我有关如何使用它们的建议 https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/pm/PackageInstaller.html https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/pm/PackageInstaller.Session.html

所以请给我一个安装/更新/删除应用程序的示例。 新应用程序是否有可能安装在设备配置文件所有者中？

Answer 1

您只需清除您的限制

public static DevicePolicyManager getDpm(Context context) {
    return (DevicePolicyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.DEVICE_POLICY_SERVICE);
}

public static ComponentName getAdmin(Context context) {
    return new ComponentName(context, MyDevicePolicyReceiver.class);
}

public static void addMyRestrictions(Context context) {
    getDpm(context).addUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_APPS);
    getDpm(context).addUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
}

public static void clearMyRestrictions(Context context) {
    getDpm(context).clearUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_APPS);
    getDpm(context).clearUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
}

public static void installPackage(Context context, InputStream inputStream)
        throws IOException {
    PackageInstaller packageInstaller = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller();
    int sessionId = packageInstaller.createSession(new PackageInstaller
            .SessionParams(PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL));

    //openSession checks for user restrictions
    clearMyRestrictions(context);
    PackageInstaller.Session session = packageInstaller.openSession(sessionId);

    long sizeBytes = 0;

    OutputStream out = null;
    out = session.openWrite("my_app_session", 0, sizeBytes);

    int total = 0;
    byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
    int c;
    while ((c = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
        total += c;
        out.write(buffer, 0, c);
    }
    session.fsync(out);
    inputStream.close();
    out.close();

    // fake intent
    IntentSender statusReceiver = null;
    Intent intent = new Intent(context, SomeActivity.class);
    PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context,
            1337111117, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

    session.commit(pendingIntent.getIntentSender());
    session.close();
}

Answer 2

这也适用于我，尽管我的设备所有者限制用户安装应用程序和未知来源。即使我以设备管理员身份运行此示例，我也得到了 java.lang.SecurityException: User restriction prevents installing.

openSession 正在检查权限。通过这个简单的修改，可以仅在短暂的方法调用期间重置用户限制。

public static DevicePolicyManager getDpm(Context context) {
    return (DevicePolicyManager)context.getSystemService(Context.DEVICE_POLICY_SERVICE);
}

public static ComponentName getAdmin(Context context) {
    return new ComponentName(context, MyDevicePolicyReceiver.class);
}

public static void addMyRestrictions(Context context) {
   getDpm(context).addUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_APPS);
   getDpm(context).addUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
}

public static void clearMyRestrictions(Context context) {    
   getDpm(context).clearUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_APPS);
   getDpm(context).clearUserRestriction(getAdmin(context), UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
}

public static void installPackage(Context context, InputStream inputStream)
    throws IOException {
    PackageInstaller packageInstaller = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller();
    int sessionId = packageInstaller.createSession(new PackageInstaller
        .SessionParams(PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL));

    //openSession checks for user restrictions
    clearMyRestrictions(context);
    PackageInstaller.Session session = packageInstaller.openSession(sessionId);
    addMyRestrictions(context);

    long sizeBytes = 0;

    OutputStream out = null;
    out = session.openWrite("my_app_session", 0, sizeBytes);

    int total = 0;
    byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
    int c;
    while ((c = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
        total += c;
        out.write(buffer, 0, c);
    }
    session.fsync(out);
    inputStream.close();
    out.close();

    // fake intent
    IntentSender statusReceiver = null;
    Intent intent = new Intent(context, SomeActivity.class);
    PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context,
        1337111117, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

    session.commit(pendingIntent.getIntentSender());
    session.close();
}

请注意异常处理。

Answer 3

没有来自Android M onwards的系统权限也是可能的。

if ((mPm.checkUidPermission(android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, installerUid)
        == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
        || (installerUid == Process.ROOT_UID)
        || mIsInstallerDeviceOwner) {
    mPermissionsAccepted = true;
} else {
    mPermissionsAccepted = false;
}

---

设备所有者静默安装和卸载应用程序：

设备所有者现在可以使用 PackageInstaller API 静默安装和卸载应用程序，独立于 Google Play for Work。

More in this link.

---

这可以从 Android 6.0 及更高版本开始。

• 让您的应用成为设备所有者。

一旦您的应用获得设备所有者权限，我们就可以静默安装、卸载和更新，无需任何用户干预。

public static boolean installPackage(Context context, InputStream in, String packageName)
        throws IOException {
    PackageInstaller packageInstaller = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller();
    PackageInstaller.SessionParams params = new PackageInstaller.SessionParams(
            PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL);
    params.setAppPackageName(packageName);
    // set params
    int sessionId = packageInstaller.createSession(params);
    PackageInstaller.Session session = packageInstaller.openSession(sessionId);
    OutputStream out = session.openWrite("COSU", 0, -1);
    byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
    int c;
    while ((c = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
        out.write(buffer, 0, c);
    }
    session.fsync(out);
    in.close();
    out.close();

    session.commit(createIntentSender(context, sessionId));
    return true;
}



private static IntentSender createIntentSender(Context context, int sessionId) {
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
                context,
                sessionId,
                new Intent(ACTION_INSTALL_COMPLETE),
                0);
        return pendingIntent.getIntentSender();
    }

卸载：

String appPackage = "com.your.app.package";
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), getActivity().getClass());
PendingIntent sender = PendingIntent.getActivity(getActivity(), 0, intent, 0);
PackageInstaller mPackageInstaller = getActivity().getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller();
mPackageInstaller.uninstall(appPackage, sender.getIntentSender());

Git repo here.

Answer 4

@amalBit 提供的安装方法对我不起作用。这很奇怪，因为这就是它在Google Sample 中的实现方式。

这个answer 帮助我找到了解决方案。我不得不更改代码的某些部分。这是我的实现：

public static void installPackage(Context context, InputStream inputStream)
        throws IOException {
    PackageInstaller packageInstaller = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller();
    int sessionId = packageInstaller.createSession(new PackageInstaller
            .SessionParams(PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL));
    PackageInstaller.Session session = packageInstaller.openSession(sessionId);

    long sizeBytes = 0;

    OutputStream out = null;
    out = session.openWrite("my_app_session", 0, sizeBytes);

    int total = 0;
    byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
    int c;
    while ((c = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
        total += c;
        out.write(buffer, 0, c);
    }
    session.fsync(out);
    inputStream.close();
    out.close();

    // fake intent
    IntentSender statusReceiver = null;
    Intent intent = new Intent(context, SomeActivity.class);
    PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context,
            1337111117, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

    session.commit(pendingIntent.getIntentSender());
    session.close();
}

这个方法可以这样调用：

        InputStream inputStream = getActivity().getAssets().open("my_awesome_app.apk");
        InstallationHelper.installPackage(getActivity(), inputStream);

Answer 5

如果没有特定的“权限”，您将无法在具有PackageInstaller.Session.commit() 的新创建用户中静默安装第三方应用程序。
你要么需要：

• INSTALL_PACKAGES 权限。但此权限不适用于第三方应用程序。因此，即使使用您的个人资料所有者应用，您也不会拥有此特定权限。
• 以ROOT_UID 运行进程。这意味着您必须根设备。

来自the Android source code：

if ((mPm.checkUidPermission(android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, installerUid) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) 
   || (installerUid == Process.ROOT_UID)) {
    mPermissionsAccepted = true;
} else {
    mPermissionsAccepted = false;
}

如果您既没有 root 访问权限，也没有INSTALL_PACKAGES 权限，则会提示用户询问他是否确认权限。然后在PackageInstaller's 会话的提交process 期间使用此确认。显然，在这种情况下，这是不透明的，因为用户必须手动确认您的应用程序的安装。

Answer 6

在Android Api-21下面是sn-p代码，我们可以通过它静默安装apk。

private void runInstallWrite() throws IOException, RemoteException {
        long sizeBytes = -1;

        String opt;
        while ((opt = nextOption()) != null) {
            if (opt.equals("-S")) {
                sizeBytes = Long.parseLong(nextOptionData());
            } else {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown option: " + opt);
            }
        }

        final int sessionId = Integer.parseInt(nextArg());
        final String splitName = nextArg();

        String path = nextArg();
        if ("-".equals(path)) {
            path = null;
        } else if (path != null) {
            final File file = new File(path);
            if (file.isFile()) {
                sizeBytes = file.length();
            }
        }

        final SessionInfo info = mInstaller.getSessionInfo(sessionId);

        PackageInstaller.Session session = null;
        InputStream in = null;
        OutputStream out = null;
        try {
            session = new PackageInstaller.Session(mInstaller.openSession(sessionId));

            if (path != null) {
                in = new FileInputStream(path);
            } else {
                in = new SizedInputStream(System.in, sizeBytes);
            }
            out = session.openWrite(splitName, 0, sizeBytes);

            int total = 0;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[65536];
            int c;
            while ((c = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                total += c;
                out.write(buffer, 0, c);

                if (info.sizeBytes > 0) {
                    final float fraction = ((float) c / (float) info.sizeBytes);
                    session.addProgress(fraction);
                }
            }
            session.fsync(out);

            System.out.println("Success: streamed " + total + " bytes");
        } finally {
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(out);
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(in);
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(session);
        }
    }

以上代码取自框架here

我可以将此代码与 LoLiipop 中的 device_owner 或普通用户一起使用吗？

答案 - 否 由于android框架中有被@hide标签的api，虽然API 21中引入了PackageManager.Session，但是我们不能使用new PAckageManager.Session()，因为它在API 21中@hide。

如果您还想通过 framework.jar 使用此代码，您需要构建 Lolippop 源代码并从 out/..../framework.jar 中提取 jar 并调用上面的 api。

Answer 7

安装：

Intent promptInstall = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        promptInstall.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment
                .getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/download/" + APK_NAME)),
                "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
        promptInstall.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        context.startActivity(promptInstall);

卸载：

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, Uri.fromParts("package",
getPackageManager().getPackageArchiveInfo(apkUri.getPath(), 0).packageName,null));
startActivity(intent);