Python GUI 的启动画面

Question

所以我是 python 新手，一直在尝试创建一个 python 应用程序来保存 .exe 文件，然后在“运行”应用程序时打开。在一些 youtube 教程和一些注释之后，我已经设法做到了这一点；但是，我想在我的应用程序中添加一个启动画面，并且我试图跟随一些示例，但到目前为止，启动画面没有显示。据我所知，代码应该可以工作并且屏幕本身应该显示，而不是它会 100% 工作，但它应该只是显示。我不确定我做错了什么，并且可以使用一些帮助来确定下一步该做什么；以下是我在尝试实现启动画面之前的代码：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
import os

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Start My Apps")
apps = []

if os.path.isfile('save.txt'):
    with open('save.txt', 'r') as f:
        tempApps = f.read()
        tempApps = tempApps.split(',')
        apps = [x for x in tempApps if x.strip()]

def addApp():
    for widget in frame1.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()

    filename = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir = "/", title="Select File", filetypes = (("executables","*.exe"),("all files" , "*")))

    apps.append(filename)
    print(filename)
    for app in apps:
        label1 = tk.Label(frame1, text = app, bg="gray")
        label1.pack()

def runApps():
    for app in apps:
            os.startfile(app)

canvas = tk.Canvas(root, height=700, width=700, bg="#263D42")
canvas.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame1 = tk.Frame(root, bg="white")
frame1.place(relwidth = 0.8, relheight = 0.8, relx = 0.1, rely = 0.1)

frame2 = tk.Frame(root, bg="white")
frame2.place(relwidth = 0.8, relheight = 0.05, relx = 0.1, rely = .02)

label2 = tk.Label(frame2, text = "Welcome to: Start My Apps!", font='times 20 bold',bg="white")
label2.pack()

openFile = tk.Button(root, text = "Open File", padx = 10, pady = 5, fg="white", bg="#263D42", command = addApp)
openFile.pack()

runApps = tk.Button(root, text = "Run Apps", padx = 10, pady = 5, fg="white", bg="#263D42", command = runApps)
runApps.pack()

for app in apps:
    label1 = tk.Label(frame1, text = app)
    label1.pack()

root.mainloop()

with open('save.txt', 'w') as f:
    for app in apps:
        f.write(app + ',')

代码的第二部分是当我尝试实现启动画面时：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
from tkinter import *
import os


splash_root = Tk()
splash_root.title("Welcome to: Start My Apps!")
splash_root.geometry("700x700")

splash_label = Label(splash_root, text = "Welcome to: Start My Apps!", font='times 20 bold',bg="white")
splash_label.pack(pady=20)

def main_window():
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Start My Apps")

apps = []

if os.path.isfile('save.txt'):
    with open('save.txt', 'r') as f:
        tempApps = f.read()
        tempApps = tempApps.split(',')
        apps = [x for x in tempApps if x.strip()]

def addApp():
    for widget in frame1.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()

    filename = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir = "/", title="Select File", filetypes = (("executables","*.exe"),("all files" , "*")))

    apps.append(filename)
    print(filename)
    for app in apps:
        label1 = tk.Label(frame1, text = app, bg="gray")
        label1.pack()

def runApps():
    for app in apps:
            os.startfile(app)

canvas = tk.Canvas(height=700, width=700, bg="#263D42")
canvas.pack(fill="both", expand=True)

frame1 = tk.Frame(bg="white")
frame1.place(relwidth = 0.8, relheight = 0.8, relx = 0.1, rely = 0.1)

frame2 = tk.Frame(bg="white")
frame2.place(relwidth = 0.8, relheight = 0.05, relx = 0.1, rely = .02)

label2 = tk.Label(frame2, text = "Welcome to: Start My Apps!", font='times 20 bold',bg="white")
label2.pack()

openFile = tk.Button(text = "Open File", padx = 10, pady = 5, fg="white", bg="#263D42", command = addApp)
openFile.pack()

runApps = tk.Button(text = "Run Apps", padx = 10, pady = 5, fg="white", bg="#263D42", command = runApps)
runApps.pack()

for app in apps:
    label1 = tk.Label(frame1, text = app)
    label1.pack()

mainloop()

with open('save.txt', 'w') as f:
    for app in apps:
        f.write(app + ',')

就像我说的，我是这种编码风格的新手，所以如果您发现其他任何错误或没有意义的地方，请告诉我！

Answer 1

Tk() 窗口不会显示，除非您将其放在 mainloop() 中，因此它应该类似于：

splash_root = Tk()
splash_root.title("Welcome to: Start My Apps!")
splash_root.geometry("700x700")

splash_label = Label(
    splash_root, text="Welcome to: Start My Apps!", font='times 20 bold', bg="white")
splash_label.pack(pady=20)

splash_root.after(5000,splash_root.destroy) #after(ms,func)
splash_root.mainloop()

我使用了splash_root.after()，因为它是一个启动画面，它必须自动销毁，而不是手动销毁。这将在 5 秒或 5000 毫秒后关闭初始屏幕。

这也可以解释为什么Toplevel() 窗口不需要mainloop()，因为它们使用主窗口的mainloop()。