复杂的文本提取

Question

我在单元格 A1 中有这段文字：

年龄风险：非常低位置风险：非常高

我想查找第一个冒号 (":") 和第二个冒号左侧的第二个空格之间的文本。单元格内容可能会发生显着变化，但使用此逻辑应始终捕获必要的文本。在这种特殊情况下，我试图隔离“非常低”

我可以找到冒号（“：”）的位置

• 1st =FIND(":",A1) -- 位置 9
• 2nd =FIND(":",A1,FIND(":",A1)+1) -- 位置 33

但是，我不知道如何倒数第二个冒号左边的两个空格才能在 MID 中使用它。

=MID(A1,FIND(":",A1)+2,(location of 2nd space to left of 2nd colon -FIND(":",A1)))

Answer 1

您可以使用复杂的公式来完成，但使用 UDF 和正则表达式要简单得多。下面的UDF

• 删除所有内容，包括第一个冒号之后的所有空格
• 然后它会捕获之后的所有内容，直到通过向前看，它可以获得一系列
• 然后它会删除该点之后的所有内容。

这样做的一个好处是，如果您发现描述并不总是匹配，则更容易修改。

Option Explicit
Function ExtractSpecial(S As String) As String
    Dim RE As Object

Set RE = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With RE
    .Pattern = "^[^:]+:\s+(.*?)(?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:).*"
    .MultiLine = True
    ExtractSpecial = .Replace(S, "$1")
End With

End Function

编辑正则表达式模式的解释以及进一步解释的链接：

^[^:]+:\s+(.?)(?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:)。

^[^:]+:\s+(.*?)(?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:).*

选项：不区分大小写； ^$ 在换行符处不匹配

• Assert position at the beginning of the string^
• Match any character that is NOT the colon character[^:]+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
• Match the colon character:
• Match a single character that is a “whitespace character”\s+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
• Match the regex below and capture its match into backreference number 1(.*?)
  • Match any single character that is NOT a line break character.*?
    • Between zero and unlimited times, as few times as possible, expanding as needed (lazy)*?
• Assert that the regex below can be matched starting at this position (positive lookahead) (?=\s+\S+\s+\S+:)
  • Match a single character that is a “whitespace character”\s+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
  • Match a single character that is NOT a “whitespace character”\S+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
  • Match a single character that is a “whitespace character”\s+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
  • Match a single character that is NOT a “whitespace character”\S+
    • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)+
  • Match the colon character:
• Match any single character that is NOT a line break character.*
  • Between zero and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)*

$1

• Insert the text that was last matched by capturing group number 1$1

使用RegexBuddy创建

Answer 2

假设你也总是在那里有“位置”，你可以搜索它，然后把它删掉：

=TRIM(MID(A1,SEARCH(":",A1)+1,SEARCH("location",A1)-SEARCH(":",A1)-1))

编辑：根据您的评论：

=TRIM(MID(A1,SEARCH(":",A1)+1,SEARCH(";",SUBSTITUTE(A1," ",";",4))-SEARCH(":",A1)))

Answer 3

如果您将所有空格扩展为与原始长度相同的重复空格，您可以选择要解析出原始文本的哪个部分。

=TRIM(MID(SUBSTITUTE(A2, CHAR(32), REPT(CHAR(32), LEN(A2))), (B2-1)*LEN(A2)+1, C2*LEN(A2)))