docker内的Nginx反向代理不支持上游的端口设置

Question

我正在尝试使用官方 nginx docker 镜像 (https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx) 来提供静态内容并将反向代理到另一个 docker 容器中的 api Web 服务器。它们都是由 docker-compose 调用启动的，因此它们应该属于同一个网络。

当我查看日志时，我看到了这样的错误，即 nginx 无法与上游服务器通信。我担心的是我看到http://localhost/users?sort=lastName%2Cdesc，看起来它不尊重上游的端口设置，这当然会失败。我不知道应该进行什么配置才能使其匹配。我读过的所有指南都有 uri 声明和上游 url 声明的某种组合，带有或不带有斜杠，但没有一个能满足我的需要。

[错误] 7#7：*3 连接到上游时没有实时上游，客户端：10.0.2.2，服务器：localhost，请求：“GET /api/users?sort=lastName%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1”，上游：“http://localhost/users?sort=lastName%2Cdesc”，主机：“localhost”，推荐人：“http://localhost/”

Docker 的东西

API 在 8081
客户端在 8080
客户端应将 /api/* 的任何内容转发到 8081 docker http://localhost:8081/ 并删除 /api/ 部分

Dockerfile

将所有静态html复制到/usr/share/nginx/html，并将配置复制到/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

FROM nginx
COPY . /usr/share/nginx/html
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
RUN rm -f /usr/share/nginx/html/Dockerfile
RUN rm -f /usr/share/nginx/html/nginx.conf

nginx.conf

user nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;    
    sendfile        on;    
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        location /api/ {
            proxy_pass http://localhost:8081/;
        }
    }
}

来自 nginx 的日志

2019/10/11 00:21:38 [error] 7#7: *3 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/skills HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8081/skills", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
2019/10/11 00:21:38 [warn] 7#7: *3 upstream server temporarily disabled while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/skills HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8081/skills", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
2019/10/11 00:21:38 [error] 7#7: *4 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/jobs?sort=createdDate%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://localhost/jobs?sort=createdDate%2Cdesc", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:38 +0000] "GET /api/jobs?sort=createdDate%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1" 502 559 "http://localhost/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
2019/10/11 00:21:38 [error] 7#7: *2 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/jobs/autosuggest HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://localhost/jobs/autosuggest", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:38 +0000] "GET /api/jobs/autosuggest HTTP/1.1" 502 559 "http://localhost/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:39 +0000] "GET /api/users?sort=lastName%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1" 502 559 "http://localhost/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
2019/10/11 00:21:39 [error] 7#7: *3 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/users?sort=lastName%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://localhost/users?sort=lastName%2Cdesc", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
2019/10/11 00:21:39 [error] 7#7: *4 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/users/autosuggest HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://localhost/users/autosuggest", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:39 +0000] "GET /api/users/autosuggest HTTP/1.1" 502 559 "http://localhost/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
2019/10/11 00:21:39 [error] 7#7: *2 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/assessments HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://localhost/assessments", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:39 +0000] "GET /api/assessments HTTP/1.1" 502 559 "http://localhost/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:39 +0000] "GET /2.bundle.js HTTP/1.1" 200 11611 "http://localhost/jobs" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:40 +0000] "GET /21.bundle.js HTTP/1.1" 200 13624 "http://localhost/jobs" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"
2019/10/11 00:21:40 [error] 7#7: *4 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: localhost, request: "GET /api/jobs?sort=createdDate%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://localhost/jobs?sort=createdDate%2Cdesc", host: "localhost", referrer: "http://localhost/jobs"
10.0.2.2 - - [11/Oct/2019:00:21:40 +0000] "GET /api/jobs?sort=createdDate%2Cdesc HTTP/1.1" 502 559 "http://localhost/jobs" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36" "-"

Answer 1

您不能使用localhost 引用不同的容器地址。您可以将容器想象成单独的机器，显然使用localhost 不会让您连接到邻居或朋友的计算机。当两台机器在同一个网络中时，您可以使用它们对应的网络 ips 或主机名在它们之间创建通信。

它在 Docker 中的工作方式完全相同。如果您想连接到同一网络中的其他容器，您需要使用它的 ip（您可以通过例如docker network inspect <NETWORK_NAME> 获取它）或主机名，在这种情况下将与容器名称相同。

所以你的nginx.conf 而不是：

location /api/ {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:8081/;
}

应包含：

location /api/ {
    proxy_pass http://API_CONTAINER_NAME:8081/;
}