selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException：消息：未知错误：Chrome 无法启动：异常退出。 Dockerize 烧瓶应用程序

Question

一个多星期以来，我一直在尝试使用 MongoDB 数据库对 Flask 应用程序进行 dockerize。我的应用程序具有以下结构：

aplication
   - db
     Dockerfile
   - web
     app.py
     Dockerfile
     requirements.txt
   docker-compose.yml

此应用程序使用 selenium、selenium-requests 和 BeautifulSoup 库进行网络抓取。我一周以来遇到的问题是：

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally.
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

我一直在尝试几种不同的方法来制作应用程序的 Dockerfile，但我找不到真正有效的方法。

我的代码如下：

• app.py

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from seleniumrequests import Chrome
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from flask_restful import API, Resource
from pymongo import MongoClient

app = Flask(__name__)
api = api(app)

client = MongoClient("mongodb://db:27017")
db = client.FlaskAPI

users = db["users"]

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
webdriver = Chrome(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)
webdriver.get(self.url+'login')
webdriver.find_element_by_id("userName-id").send_keys(username)
webdriver.find_element_by_id("passWd-id").send_keys(password)
        
webdriver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//input[@value="Login"]').click()
soup = BeautifulSoup(self.webdriver.page_source, 'lxml')

data = ''
        
        p = re.compile('var userParam=(.*);')        
        for script in soup.find_all("script", {"src":False}):
            if p.search(script.string):
                data = json.dumps(str(script.string))

data = remove_formatation_elements(data)
users.insert({"data": data})

• db Dockerfile

FROM mongo:5.0.3

• 网络 Dockerfile

FROM python:3.8

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# Install Chrome WebDriver
RUN CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION=`curl -sS chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE` && \
    mkdir -p /opt/chromedriver-$CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION && \
    curl -sS -o /tmp/chromedriver_linux64.zip http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/$CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION/chromedriver_linux64.zip && \
    unzip -qq /tmp/chromedriver_linux64.zip -d /opt/chromedriver-$CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION && \
    rm /tmp/chromedriver_linux64.zip && \
    chmod +x /opt/chromedriver-$CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION/chromedriver && \
    ln -fs /opt/chromedriver-$CHROMEDRIVER_VERSION/chromedriver /usr/local/bin/chromedriver

# Install Google Chrome
RUN curl -sS -o - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add - && \
    echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list && \
    apt-get -yqq update && \
    apt-get -yqq install google-chrome-stable && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

COPY requirements.txt ./
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

COPY . .

CMD ["python", "app.py"]

• requirements.txt

flask
flask-restful
pymongo
bs4
selenium
selenium-requests
lxml
webdriver-manager

和

• docker-compose.yml

version: '3.9'

services:
  web:
    build: './web'
    ports:
      - '5000:5000'
    links:
      - db
  
  db:
    build: './db'

使用 web 文件夹 dockerfile，chromedriver 在 /usr/local/bin 文件夹中创建，google-chrome 和 google-chrome-stable 文件在 /usr/bin 文件夹中创建。

所以我不明白为什么，即使经过这么多不同的尝试，我也无法让这段代码工作...... 有人可以帮帮我吗？

Answer 1

此错误消息...

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally.
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

...暗示ChromeDriver 无法启动/生成新的WebBrowser，即Chrome 浏览器 会话。

Chrome 在启动期间崩溃的一个常见原因是在 Linux 上以 root 用户 (administrator) 运行 Chrome。虽然可以通过在创建 WebDriver 会话时传递 --no-sandbox 标志来解决此问题，但不支持并且强烈建议不要使用此类配置。您需要将环境配置为以普通用户身份运行 Chrome。