在 Python 中使用 Selenium 填写表格并下载 zip 文件

Question

已编辑：我合并了 Sushil 建议的最后几行。最后，我在终端中复制输出。我仍然没有得到压缩文件。

已解决：我的错误是由于驱动程序和 chrome 版本之间的不兼容造成的。我按照此处的说明进行了修复：unknown error: call function result missing 'value' for Selenium Send Keys even after chromedriver upgrade

---

我正在尝试使用 Selenium 填写表格并下载 zip 文件。 经过广泛的谷歌搜索，我编写了一个 Python 代码，但我目前无法下载该文件。浏览器打开，但没有填写任何内容。

我是 Python 的新手，所以我猜我错过了一些非常琐碎的事情，因为我试图从中获取信息的网站非常简单。

这是我尝试过的：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/home/miranda/webscrap_Python/chromedriver')
#driver.wait = WebDriverWait(driver,5)
driver.get("http://www.cis.es/cis/opencms/EN/formulario.jsp?dwld=/Microdatos/MD3288.zip")

Name = '//*[@id="Nombre"]'
LastName = '//*[@id="Apellidos"]'
University = '//*[@id="profesion"]'
email = '//*[@id="Email"]'

ob_req = '//*[@id="objeto1"]'
terms = '//*[@id="Terminos"]'

download = '//*[@id="mediomicrodatos"]/form/div[3]/input'

driver.find_element_by_xpath(Name).send_keys("Miranda")

driver.find_element_by_xpath(LastName).send_keys("MyLastName")

driver.find_element_by_xpath(University).send_keys("MySchool")

driver.find_element_by_xpath(email).send_keys("my_email@gmail.com")

#lines added by Sushil:

ob_req_element =  driver.find_element_by_xpath(ob_req) #Finds the ob_req element
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", ob_req_element) #Scrolls down to the element and clicks on it

terms_element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(terms) #The same is repeated here
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", terms_element)

driver.find_element_by_xpath(download).click() #Scrolling down is not needed for the download button as it would already be in view. Only when an element is not in view should we scroll down to it in order to click on it.

在我的终端中输出：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "myCode.py", line 18, in <module>
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(Name).send_keys("Miranda")
  File "/home/miranda/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 479, in send_keys
    'value': keys_to_typing(value)})
  File "/home/miranda/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 633, in _execute
    return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "/home/miranda/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/home/miranda/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: call function result missing 'value'
  (Session info: chrome=86.0.4240.75)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.29.461571 (8a88bbe0775e2a23afda0ceaf2ef7ee74e822cc5),platform=Linux 5.4.0-45-generic x86_64)

Answer 1

对于电子邮件元素下方的每个元素，您必须向下滚动才能单击它们。这是执行此操作的完整代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
#driver.wait = WebDriverWait(driver,5)
driver.get("http://www.cis.es/cis/opencms/EN/formulario.jsp?dwld=/Microdatos/MD3288.zip")

Name = '//*[@id="Nombre"]'
LastName = '//*[@id="Apellidos"]'
University = '//*[@id="profesion"]'
email = '//*[@id="Email"]'

ob_req = '//*[@id="objeto1"]'
terms = '//*[@id="Terminos"]'

download = '//*[@id="mediomicrodatos"]/form/div[3]/input'

driver.find_element_by_xpath(Name).send_keys("Miranda")

driver.find_element_by_xpath(LastName).send_keys("MyLastName")

driver.find_element_by_xpath(University).send_keys("MySchool")

driver.find_element_by_xpath(email).send_keys("my_email@gmail.com")

#All the lines below were added by me

ob_req_element =  driver.find_element_by_xpath(ob_req) #Finds the ob_req element
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", ob_req_element) #Scrolls down to the element and clicks on it

terms_element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(terms) #The same is repeated here
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", terms_element)

driver.find_element_by_xpath(download).click() #Scrolling down is not needed for the download button as it would already be in view. Only when an element is not in view should we scroll down to it in order to click on it.