为我的应用程序编码电子邮件

Question

我正在配置一个仅使用电子邮件操作订阅的应用程序，除了我的表单的一部分应该对收到的所有电子邮件进行编码之外，所有操作都运行良好。

这是我用邮箱注册时出现的错误：

**Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing**

Traceback: File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  132. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in view
  71. return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in dispatch
  89. return handler(request, *args, **kwargs) 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py" in post
  214. if form.is_valid(): 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in is_valid
  184. return self.is_bound and not self.errors 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in errors
  176. self.full_clean() 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in full_clean
  393. self._clean_form() 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/AMBIENTE1/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in _clean_form
  417. cleaned_data = self.clean() 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/GIRASOL/apps/newsletter/forms.py" in clean
  47. self.cleaned_data['activation_key'] = generate_activation_key(data['email']) 
File "/home/draicore/SUNFLOWER/GIRASOL/apps/newsletter/forms.py" in generate_activation_key
  16. salt = hashlib.md5(str(random.random())).hexdigest()[:10]

Exception Type: TypeError at /request/ 
Exception Value: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing

我有这个代码负责在我的 forms.py 上编码电子邮件：

def generate_activation_key(email):
    if isinstance(email, str):
        email = email.encode('utf-8')
    salt = hashlib.md5(str(random.random()).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()[:10]
    return hashlib.md5(salt+email).hexdigest()


class EmailSubscriberForm(forms.ModelForm):
    email = forms.EmailField(max_length=256, label=_('Email'), required=True)
    captcha = CaptchaField(label=_('Security code'))
    activation_key = forms.CharField(widget=forms.HiddenInput(), required=False)
    activation_request_sent_at = forms.DateField(widget=forms.HiddenInput(), required=False)

    class Meta:
        model = EmailSubscriber
        fields = (
            'email',
            'activation_key',
            'activation_request_sent_at',
        )

    def clean_email(self):
        email = self.cleaned_data['email'].strip()
        try:
            self.instance = EmailSubscriber.objects.get(email__iexact=email)
            if self.instance is not None:
                return email.lower()
        except EmailSubscriber.DoesNotExist:
            return email.lower()
        raise forms.ValidationError(_('This email is already subscribed.'))

    def clean(self):
        data = self.cleaned_data
        if 'email' in data:
            self.cleaned_data['activation_key'] = generate_activation_key(data['email'])
            self.cleaned_data['activation_request_sent_at'] = timezone.now()
        return self.cleaned_data

我相信这个问题是由 python 版本不兼容引起的（我有 Python 3.4.1），我试图在这里寻找其他问题的解决方案，我找到了关于设置新格式的答案.encode('utf-8')。我不知道我应该改变什么。

如果我忽略了什么，请提前向我道歉。欢迎投稿，感谢评价！

祝你有美好的一天！

Answer 1

您还应该对您的 random 盐字符串进行编码：

str(random.random()).encode('utf-8')

但是，您将收到一个新错误...因为email 是bytes 而salt 是string。我将由您决定如何规范化这些，以便可以将它们相加。