遍历对象

Question

我很难找到一种方法来以我想要的方式遍历这个对象。我在这里只使用 Javascript。

首先，这是对象

{
"dialog":
{
    "dialog_trunk_1":{
        "message": "This is just a JSON Test"
    },
    
    "dialog_trunk_2":{
        "message": "and a test of the second message"
    },

    "dialog_trunk_3":
    {
        "message": "This is a test of a bit longer text. Hopefully this will at the very least create 3 lines and trigger us to go on to another box. So we can test multi-box functionality, too."
    }
}
}

现在，我只是在尝试基本的方法来访问该对象上的每个 dialog_trunk。理想情况下，我想遍历对象并为每个主干显示它的 message 值。

我尝试使用 for 循环动态生成 dialog_trunk 的名称/编号，但我无法使用对象名称的字符串访问该对象，所以我不确定从这里去哪里.

Answer 1

var res = {
              "dialog":
              {
                  "dialog_trunk_1":{
                      "message": "This is just a JSON Test"
                  },

                  "dialog_trunk_2":{
                      "message": "and a test of the second message"
                  },

                  "dialog_trunk_3":
                  {
                      "message": "This is a test of a bit longer text. Hopefully this will at the very least create 3 lines and trigger us to go on to another box. So we can test multi-box functionality, too."
                  }
              }
          }


for (var key in res) {
  if (res.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
    var val = res[key];
    for (var key in val) {
      if (val.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        var dialog = val[key];
        console.log(dialog.message);
      }
    }
  }
}

Answer 2

@schirrmacher 建议的递归方法的改进版本，用于打印整个对象的 key[value]：

var jDepthLvl = 0;
function visit(object, objectAccessor=null) {
  jDepthLvl++;
  if (isIterable(object)) {
    if(objectAccessor === null) {
      console.log("%c ⇓ ⇓ printing object $OBJECT_OR_ARRAY$ -- START ⇓ ⇓", "background:yellow");
    } else
      console.log("%c"+spacesDepth(jDepthLvl)+objectAccessor+"%c:","color:purple;font-weight:bold", "color:black");
    forEachIn(object, function (accessor, child) {
      visit(child, accessor);
    });
  } else {
    var value = object;
    console.log("%c"
      + spacesDepth(jDepthLvl)
      + objectAccessor + "[%c" + value + "%c] "
      ,"color:blue","color:red","color:blue");
  }
  if(objectAccessor === null) {
    console.log("%c ⇑ ⇑ printing object $OBJECT_OR_ARRAY$ -- END ⇑ ⇑", "background:yellow");
  }
  jDepthLvl--;
}

function spacesDepth(jDepthLvl) {
  let jSpc="";
  for (let jIter=0; jIter<jDepthLvl-1; jIter++) {
    jSpc+="\u0020\u0020"
  }
  return jSpc;
}

function forEachIn(iterable, functionRef) {
  for (var accessor in iterable) {
    functionRef(accessor, iterable[accessor]);
  }
}

function isIterable(element) {
  return isArray(element) || isObject(element);
}

function isArray(element) {
  return element.constructor == Array;
}

function isObject(element) {
  return element.constructor == Object;
}


visit($OBJECT_OR_ARRAY$);

Answer 3

为此，您使用for..in 循环。请务必检查对象是否拥有属性或所有继承的属性是否也显示。一个例子是这样的：

var obj = {a: 1, b: 2};
for (var key in obj) {
  if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
    var val = obj[key];
    console.log(val);
  }
}

或者如果您需要递归遍历所有属性：

var obj = {a: 1, b: 2, c: {a: 1, b: 2}};
function walk(obj) {
  for (var key in obj) {
    if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
      var val = obj[key];
      console.log(val);
      walk(val);
    }
  }
}
walk(obj);

Answer 4

这是我的递归方法：

function visit(object) {
    if (isIterable(object)) {
        forEachIn(object, function (accessor, child) {
            visit(child);
        });
    }
    else {
        var value = object;
        console.log(value);
    }
}

function forEachIn(iterable, functionRef) {
    for (var accessor in iterable) {
        functionRef(accessor, iterable[accessor]);
    }
}

function isIterable(element) {
    return isArray(element) || isObject(element);
}

function isArray(element) {
    return element.constructor == Array;
}

function isObject(element) {
    return element.constructor == Object;
}

Answer 5

我的问题实际上是 JSON 对象规划不当的问题，而不是实际的逻辑问题。根据 user2736012 的建议，我最终将对象组织如下。

{
"dialog":
{
    "trunks":[
    {
        "trunk_id" : "1",
        "message": "This is just a JSON Test"
    },
    {
        "trunk_id" : "2",
        "message": "This is a test of a bit longer text. Hopefully this will at the very least create 3 lines and trigger us to go on to another box. So we can test multi-box functionality, too."
    }
    ]
}
}

那时，我可以根据对象的总数做一个相当简单的 for 循环。

var totalMessages = Object.keys(messages.dialog.trunks).length;

    for ( var i = 0; i < totalMessages; i++)
    {
        console.log("ID: " + messages.dialog.trunks[i].trunk_id + " Message " + messages.dialog.trunks[i].message);
    }

不过，并非所有浏览器都支持我获取 totalMessages 的方法。对于我的项目，这实际上并不重要，但是如果您选择使用类似的东西，请注意这一点。