【发布时间】:2018-11-15 12:17:56
【问题描述】:
我目前正在使用 Eclipse 学习 STM32F103。我在链接器阶段遇到了一个问题,我收到了链接器错误:未定义的对 `HAL_TIM_Base_Init' 的引用
Building target: TimerTest.elf
Invoking: GNU ARM Cross C++ Linker
arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Og -fmessage-length=0 -fsigned-char -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -ffreestanding -fno-move-loop-invariants -Wall -Wextra -g3 -T "C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\SW4STM32\WS2812_TimerTest\STM32F103C8Tx_FLASH.ld" -Xlinker --gc-sections -L"C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Src" -L"C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Drivers\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\Src" -L"C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Drivers\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\Inc" -L"C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Inc" -Wl,-Map,"TimerTest.map" -Xlinker --cref --specs=nano.specs -o "TimerTest.elf" ./Src/WS2812.o ./Src/main.o ./Src/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.o ./Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim.o ./Src/stm32f1xx_it.o ./Src/system_stm32f1xx.o ./Src/usb_device.o ./Src/usbd_cdc_if.o ./Src/usbd_conf.o ./Src/usbd_desc.o ./SW4STM32/startup_stm32f103xb.o ./Middlewares/ST/STM32_USB_Device_Library/Core/Src/usbd_core.o ./Middlewares/ST/STM32_USB_Device_Library/Core/Src/usbd_ctlreq.o ./Middlewares/ST/STM32_USB_Device_Library/Core/Src/usbd_ioreq.o ./Middlewares/ST/STM32_USB_Device_Library/Class/CDC/Src/usbd_cdc.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_i2c.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pcd.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pcd_ex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_spi.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_spi_ex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim_ex.o ./Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_ll_usb.o
./Src/WS2812.o: In function `WS2812Init':
C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Debug/../Src/WS2812.c:30: undefined reference to `HAL_TIM_Base_Init'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [makefile:64: TimerTest.elf] Error 1
这是我的代码:
main.c
#include "main.h"
#include "WS2812.h"
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
#include "usb_device.h"
int main(void)
{
WS2812Init();
while (1)
{
}
}
WS2812.h:
#ifndef INC_WS2812_H_
#define INC_WS2812_H_
#include <stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.h> // use gpio output
#include <stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.h>
#include <stm32f1xx_hal_tim.h> // use timer
// adopt gpio port & pin for following section
#define WS2812_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
#define WS2812_GPIO_PIN GPIO_PIN_12
#define ENABLE_GPIO_RCC() do{\
if(!__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_IS_CLK_ENABLED())\
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();\
}while(0U)
static GPIO_InitTypeDef SW2812Pin = {
.Pin = WS2812_GPIO_PIN,
.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW,
.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP
};
#define SYS_CLOCK
// adopt timer configuration for following section
#define WS2812_SELECTED_TIMER TIM4
static TIM_HandleTypeDef ws2812TimerConfig;
void WS2812Init(void);
#endif /* INC_WS2812_H_ */
WS2812.c:
#include "WS2812.h"
void WS2812Init(void)
{
// init GPIO as output
ENABLE_GPIO_RCC();
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(WS2812_GPIO_PORT, WS2812_GPIO_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_Init(WS2812_GPIO_PORT, &SW2812Pin);
// init timer
uint16_t targetFrequency = 1000; // 1kHz
const uint16_t preScaler = 360;
const uint16_t period = SystemCoreClock / (preScaler*targetFrequency);
// clear status register
__HAL_RCC_TIM4_CLK_ENABLE();
ws2812TimerConfig.Instance = WS2812_SELECTED_TIMER;
ws2812TimerConfig.Init.Prescaler = preScaler - 1;
ws2812TimerConfig.Init.Period = period;
ws2812TimerConfig.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&ws2812TimerConfig); // <- linker can not find this function
__HAL_TIM_ENABLE(&ws2812TimerConfig);
}
这是我的包含结构:
主要->
- 包括“WS2812.h”->
- 包括 stm32f1xx_hal_tim.h
stm32f1xx_hal_tim.h在STM32F1xxHAL_DRIVER->inc中,同样放在include路径中。
我还在项目属性->C/C++ Build->Settings中添加了包含路径 对于
- GNU ARM 交叉汇编器
- GNU ARM Cross C 编译器
- GNU ARM Cross C++ 编译器
我在互联网上搜索发现这是一个链接器问题,链接器找不到正确的链接源。
我在互联网上找到并尝试过的:
将包含stm32f1xx_hal_tim.h和WS2812.h的文件夹添加到项目属性-> C/C++ Build -> GNU ARM Cross C++ Linker -> Libraries -> (-L)
将包含stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c和WS2812.c的文件夹添加到项目属性-> C/C++ Build -> GNU ARM Cross C++ Linker -> Libraries -> (-L)
选中“stm32f1xx_hal_tim.h” -> 属性-> 从构建中排除资源未选中(互联网上的一些人通过此解决了问题)
在链接器选项中添加了“--specs=nano.specs”
以上都不能解决问题。
有人建议修改makefile。但是项目会自动生成makefile,所以不知道从哪里开始。
如果有人可以提供提示或解决方案,将非常感谢。
更新 1:
感谢 Jacek Ślimok 的意见。
我不知道,我还需要对 .c 文件执行“从构建中排除”。我检查了文件浏览器。此配置中未检查 .c 文件。你的意思是这样吗? excluded from Build
stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c在project->Driver->STM32F1xxHAL_Driver->Src下
目前,问题仍未解决。
我注意到的另一件事是,Eclipse 以不同的方式读取我的 stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c。当我在 Eclipse 中打开 stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c 时,它只会给我一个像普通记事本一样的平面文本:
但是像 stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c 这样的其他 .c 文件看起来很正常。 stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c
它们在同一个文件夹中。我不知道这种差异来自哪里以及为什么。这是否与我的问题有关。
更新2
@Jacek Ślimok,我发现为什么日食将 stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c 视为平面文本。不小心打开了Preference->Editor中的Scalability设置,stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c文件比较大,161kB。在我将其更改回默认值后,Eclipse 会正常显示该文件。但是链接器问题仍然存在...
在 main.c 中,我还使用了来自 stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.h/.c 的 HAL_GPIO_TogglePin()。链接器不会抱怨这一点。目前我无法分辨这两个文件(stm32f1xx_hal_gpio 和 stm32f1xx_hal_tim)之间的区别它们在同一个文件夹中,并且包含相同。但我可以将该功能用于 GPIO 而不是用于定时器。
但可以肯定的是: 我可以使用stm32f1xx_hal_tim.h中的宏,所以这是一个链接器问题。
我在另一个项目的基础上开始这个项目,该项目是从 STM32CubeMX 生成的。为了练习计时器功能,我在其中添加了计时器配置,这就是我遇到链接器问题的地方。
我希望这些信息可以带来更多的提示。
更新 3
我尝试单独构建 .c 文件
对于stm32f1xx_hal.h.c:
00:09:16 **** Building Selected Files of configuration Release for project TimerTest ****
Info: Internal Builder is used for build
arm-none-eabi-gcc -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Os -fmessage-length=0 -fsigned-char -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -ffreestanding -Wall -Wextra -g -DSTM32F103xB -DHSE_VALUE=8000000 "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\CMSIS\\Include" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\CMSIS\\Device\\ST\\STM32F1xx\\Include" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Middlewares\\ST\\STM32_USB_Device_Library\\Class\\CDC\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Middlewares\\ST\\STM32_USB_Device_Library\\Core\\Inc" -std=gnu11 -c -o "Drivers\\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\\Src\\stm32f1xx_hal_tim.o" "..\\Drivers\\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\\Src\\stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c"
00:09:17 Build Finished (took 285ms)
对于 WS2812.c:
00:11:23 **** Building Selected Files of configuration Release for project TimerTest ****
Info: Internal Builder is used for build
arm-none-eabi-gcc -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Os -fmessage-length=0 -fsigned-char -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -ffreestanding -Wall -Wextra -g -DSTM32F103xB -DHSE_VALUE=8000000 "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\CMSIS\\Include" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\CMSIS\\Device\\ST\\STM32F1xx\\Include" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Middlewares\\ST\\STM32_USB_Device_Library\\Class\\CDC\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Middlewares\\ST\\STM32_USB_Device_Library\\Core\\Inc" -std=gnu11 -c -o "Src\\WS2812.o" "..\\Src\\WS2812.c"
00:11:23 Build Finished (took 275ms)
对于 Main.c:
00:12:02 **** Building Selected Files of configuration Release for project TimerTest ****
Info: Internal Builder is used for build
arm-none-eabi-gcc -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Os -fmessage-length=0 -fsigned-char -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -ffreestanding -Wall -Wextra -g -DSTM32F103xB -DHSE_VALUE=8000000 "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\CMSIS\\Include" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\CMSIS\\Device\\ST\\STM32F1xx\\Include" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Drivers\\STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Middlewares\\ST\\STM32_USB_Device_Library\\Class\\CDC\\Inc" "-IC:\\Users\\Gebruiker\\Dropbox\\CodeBase\\Eclipse\\TimerTest\\Middlewares\\ST\\STM32_USB_Device_Library\\Core\\Inc" -std=gnu11 -c -o "Src\\main.o" "..\\Src\\main.c"
..\Src\main.c: In function '_Error_Handler':
..\Src\main.c:268:27: warning: unused parameter 'file' [-Wunused-parameter]
void _Error_Handler(char *file, int line)
^~~~
..\Src\main.c:268:37: warning: unused parameter 'line' [-Wunused-parameter]
void _Error_Handler(char *file, int line)
^~~~
In file included from ..\Src\main.c:55:0:
At top level:
C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Inc/WS2812.h:36:26: warning: 'ws2812TimerConfig' defined but not used [-Wunused-variable]
static TIM_HandleTypeDef ws2812TimerConfig;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Gebruiker\Dropbox\CodeBase\Eclipse\TimerTest\Inc/WS2812.h:26:25: warning: 'SW2812Pin' defined but not used [-Wunused-variable]
static GPIO_InitTypeDef SW2812Pin = {
^~~~~~~~~
00:12:02 Build Finished (took 272ms)
main.c 中的警告很少,但它们并不重要。
更新4:
感谢 Jacek Ślimok 的意见:
我发现stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c的函数在文件浏览器中显示为灰色。
functions seems like not usable
但 stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c 中的函数显示为纯黑。
现在区别就在那里,只需要找出原因。
提前致谢。 最好的问候。
【问题讨论】:
标签: eclipse linker arm gnu stm32