将内容文件过滤到表格

Question

这是我生成的输入，显示 Jany 和 Marco 在不同时间的课程版本。

on 10:00 the course of jany 1 is :
course:theory:nothing
course:applicaton:onehour

on 10:00 the course of jany 2 is :
course:theory:math
course:applicaton:twohour

on 10:00 the course of Marco 1 is :
course:theory:geo
course:applicaton:halfhour

on 10:00 the course of Marco 2 is :
course:theory:history
course:applicaton:nothing

on 14:00 the course of jany 1 is :
course:theory:nothing
course:applicaton:twohours

on 14:00 the course of jany 2 is :
course:theory:music
course:applicaton:twohours

on 14:00 the course of Marco 1 is :
course:theory:programmation
course:applicaton:onehours

on 14:00 the course of Marco 2 is :
course:theory:philosophy
course:applicaton:nothing

使用 awk 命令我成功对其进行了排序：

awk -F '[\ :]' '/the course of/{h=$2;m=$3} /theory/{print " "h":"m" theory:"$3}' f.txt
awk -F '[\ :]' '/the course of/{h=$2;m=$3} /application/{print " "h":"m" application :"$3}' f.txt

10:00 theory:nothing
14:00 theory:nothing

10:00 application:onehour
14:00 application:twohours

现在我想通过添加名称（jany，Marco）和版本（1 或 2）来改进过滤器，如下所示。

Jany 1,10:00,14:00
theory,nothing,nothing
application,onehour,twohour

Jany 2,10:00,14:00
theory,math,music
application,twohour,twohour

Marco 1,10:00,14:00
theory,geo,programmation
application,halfhour,onehour

Marco 2,10:00,14:00
theory,history,philosoohy
application,nothing,nothing

我被困在如何提取“姓名、编号”并在排序和过滤的表中获取涉及他们课程的信息。

Answer 1

试试这个：

BEGIN {
    # set records separated by empty lines
    RS=""
    # set fields separated by newline, each record has 3 fields
    FS="\n"
}
{
    # remove undesired parts of every first line of a record
    sub("the course of ", "", $1)
    sub(" is :", "", $1)
    sub("on ", "", $1)
    # now store the rest in time and course
    time=$1
    course=$1
    # remove time from string to extract the course title
    sub("^[^ ]* ", "", course)
    # remove course title to retrieve time from string
    sub(course, "", time)
    # get theory info from second line per record
    sub("course:theory:", "", $2)
    # get application info from third line
    sub("course:applicaton:", "", $3)
    # if new course
    if (! (course in header)) {
        # save header information (first words of each line in output)
        header[course] = course
        theory[course] = "theory"
        app[course] = "application"
    }
    # append the relevant info to the output strings
    header[course] = header[course] "," time
    theory[course] = theory[course] "," $2
    app[course] = app[course] "," $3

}
END {
    # now for each course found
    for (key in header) {
        # print the strings constructed
        print header[key]
        print theory[key]
        print app[key]
        print ""
}

我希望 cmets 是不言自明的，如果您对脚本有任何疑问，请务必询问他们。

Answer 2

使用 GNU awk 实现真正的多维数组和 sorted_in：

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN{ RS=""; FS="[[:space:]:]+" }
{
    for (i=11; i<=NF; i+=3) {
        sched[$7" "$8][$2":"$3][$i] = $(i+1)
        courses[$i]
    }
}
END {
    PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc"
    for (name in sched) {
        printf "%s", name
        for (time in sched[name]) {
            printf ",%s", time
        }
        print ""
        for (course in courses) {
            printf "%s", course
            for (time in sched[name]) {
                printf ",%s", sched[name][time][course]
            }
            print ""
        }
        print ""
    }
}

.

$ gawk -f tst.awk file
Marco 1,10:00,14:00
applicaton,halfhour,onehours
theory,geo,programmation

Marco 2,10:00,14:00
applicaton,nothing,nothing
theory,history,philosophy

jany 1,10:00,14:00
applicaton,onehour,twohours
theory,nothing,nothing

jany 2,10:00,14:00
applicaton,twohour,twohours
theory,math,music

它不会完全产生您发布的预期输出，但我认为这是因为您发布的预期输出是错误的（例如，与您的输入相比，检查 jany 1 应用程序 14:00 的输出 - 输入是 twohours 就像我的脚本产生但你说预期的输出是halfhour)。