使用 Java 的 LDAP 身份验证

Question

我需要为应用程序进行 LDAP 身份验证。

我尝试了以下程序：

import java.util.Hashtable;  

import javax.naming.Context;  
import javax.naming.NamingException;  
import javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext;  
import javax.naming.ldap.LdapContext;  


public class LdapContextCreation {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        LdapContextCreation ldapContxCrtn = new LdapContextCreation();  
        LdapContext ctx = ldapContxCrtn.getLdapContext();  
    }  
    public LdapContext getLdapContext(){  
        LdapContext ctx = null;  
        try{  
            Hashtable env = new Hashtable();  
            env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY,  "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory");  
            env.put(Context.SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION, "Simple");  
            //it can be <domain\\userid> something that you use for windows login  
            //it can also be  
            env.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, "username@domain.com");  
            env.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, "password");  
            //in following property we specify ldap protocol and connection url.  
            //generally the port is 389  
            env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "ldap://server.domain.com");  
            ctx = new InitialLdapContext(env, null);  
            System.out.println("Connection Successful.");  
        }catch(NamingException nex){  
            System.out.println("LDAP Connection: FAILED");  
            nex.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return ctx;  
    }  

}

得到以下异常：

LDAP 连接：失败 javax.naming.AuthenticationException：[LDAP：错误代码 49 - 无效凭据] 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.mapErrorCode(LdapCtx.java:3053) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.processReturnCode(LdapCtx.java:2999) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.processReturnCode(LdapCtx.java:2801) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.connect(LdapCtx.java:2715) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.(LdapCtx.java:305) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory.getUsingURL(LdapCtxFactory.java:187) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory.getUsingURLs(LdapCtxFactory.java:205) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory.getLdapCtxInstance(LdapCtxFactory.java:148) 在 com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory.getInitialContext(LdapCtxFactory.java:78) 在 javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:235) 在 javax.naming.InitialContext.initializeDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:318) 在 javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:348) 在 javax.naming.InitialContext.internalInit(InitialContext.java:286) 在 javax.naming.InitialContext.init(InitialContext.java:308) 在 javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext.(InitialLdapContext.java:99) 在 LdapContextCreation.getLdapContext(LdapContextCreation.java:27) 在 LdapContextCreation.main(LdapContextCreation.java:12)

还有几点需要考虑：

1. 之前我用的是tomcat 5.3.5，但有人告诉我只有tomcat 6支持，所以我下载了tomcat 6.0.35，目前只使用这个版本。

2. 配置server.xml并添加如下代码-

   <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm" 
                      debug="99" 
                      connectionURL="ldap://server.domain.com:389/"  
                      userPattern="{0}" />
   

3. 从server.xml注释了以下代码-

   <!-- Commenting for LDAP
     <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
        resourceName="UserDatabase"/> -->
   

4. article 中的步骤 2 和 3

5. 有人建议有一些 jar 文件应该复制到 tomcat 以运行ldap 身份验证，这是我需要做的吗？以及哪些jar 文件？

6. 另外，我肯定使用了正确的凭据，那么是什么导致了这个问题？

7. 如果我使用了不正确的属性，有没有办法找出正确的 LDAP 属性？

Answer 1

以下代码使用纯 Java JNDI 从 LDAP 进行身份验证。原则是：-

1. 首先使用管理员或 DN 用户查找用户。
2. 需要使用用户凭据再次将用户对象传递给 LDAP
3. 无异常意味着 - 已成功验证。其他身份验证失败。

代码片段

public static boolean authenticateJndi(String username, String password) throws Exception{
    Properties props = new Properties();
    props.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory");
    props.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "ldap://LDAPSERVER:PORT");
    props.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, "uid=adminuser,ou=special users,o=xx.com");//adminuser - User with special priviledge, dn user
    props.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, "adminpassword");//dn user password


    InitialDirContext context = new InitialDirContext(props);

    SearchControls ctrls = new SearchControls();
    ctrls.setReturningAttributes(new String[] { "givenName", "sn","memberOf" });
    ctrls.setSearchScope(SearchControls.SUBTREE_SCOPE);

    NamingEnumeration<javax.naming.directory.SearchResult> answers = context.search("o=xx.com", "(uid=" + username + ")", ctrls);
    javax.naming.directory.SearchResult result = answers.nextElement();

    String user = result.getNameInNamespace();

    try {
        props = new Properties();
        props.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory");
        props.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "ldap://LDAPSERVER:PORT");
        props.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, user);
        props.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, password);

   context = new InitialDirContext(props);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

Answer 2

这是我的 LDAP Java 登录测试应用程序，支持 LDAP:// 和 LDAPS:// 自签名测试证书。代码取自一些 SO 帖子，简化了实现并删除了遗留的 sun.java.* 导入。

• how to accept self-signed certificates for JNDI/LDAP connections?
• Authenticating against Active Directory with Java on Linux

用法
我已经在 Windows7 和 Linux 机器上针对 WinAD 目录服务运行了它。应用程序打印用户名和成员组。

$ java -cp classes test.LoginLDAP url=ldap://1.2.3.4:389 username=myname@company.fi 密码=mypwd

$ java -cp classes test.LoginLDAP url=ldaps://1.2.3.4:636 username=myname@company.fi 密码=mypwd

测试应用程序支持 ldaps:// 协议的临时自签名测试证书，这个 DummySSLFactory 接受任何服务器证书，因此中间人是可能的。实际安装应将服务器证书导入本地 JKS 密钥库文件，而不是使用虚拟工厂。

应用程序使用最终用户的用户名+密码进行初始上下文和 ldap 查询，它适用于 WinAD，但不知道是否可用于所有 ldap 服务器实现。您可以使用内部用户名+密码创建上下文，然后运行查询以查看是否找到给定的最终用户。

LoginLDAP.java

package test;

import java.util.*;
import javax.naming.*;
import javax.naming.directory.*;

public class LoginLDAP {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Map<String,String> params = createParams(args);

        String url = params.get("url"); // ldap://1.2.3.4:389 or ldaps://1.2.3.4:636
        String principalName = params.get("username"); // firstname.lastname@mydomain.com
        String domainName = params.get("domain"); // mydomain.com or empty

        if (domainName==null || "".equals(domainName)) {
            int delim = principalName.indexOf('@');
            domainName = principalName.substring(delim+1);
        }

        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory");
        props.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, url); 
        props.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, principalName); 
        props.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, params.get("password")); // secretpwd
        if (url.toUpperCase().startsWith("LDAPS://")) {
            props.put(Context.SECURITY_PROTOCOL, "ssl");
            props.put(Context.SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION, "simple");
            props.put("java.naming.ldap.factory.socket", "test.DummySSLSocketFactory");         
        }

        InitialDirContext context = new InitialDirContext(props);
        try {
            SearchControls ctrls = new SearchControls();
            ctrls.setSearchScope(SearchControls.SUBTREE_SCOPE);
            NamingEnumeration<SearchResult> results = context.search(toDC(domainName),"(& (userPrincipalName="+principalName+")(objectClass=user))", ctrls);
            if(!results.hasMore())
                throw new AuthenticationException("Principal name not found");

            SearchResult result = results.next();
            System.out.println("distinguisedName: " + result.getNameInNamespace() ); // CN=Firstname Lastname,OU=Mycity,DC=mydomain,DC=com

            Attribute memberOf = result.getAttributes().get("memberOf");
            if(memberOf!=null) {
                for(int idx=0; idx<memberOf.size(); idx++) {
                    System.out.println("memberOf: " + memberOf.get(idx).toString() ); // CN=Mygroup,CN=Users,DC=mydomain,DC=com
                    //Attribute att = context.getAttributes(memberOf.get(idx).toString(), new String[]{"CN"}).get("CN");
                    //System.out.println( att.get().toString() ); //  CN part of groupname
                }
            }
        } finally {
            try { context.close(); } catch(Exception ex) { }
        }       
    }

    /**
     * Create "DC=sub,DC=mydomain,DC=com" string
     * @param domainName    sub.mydomain.com
     * @return
     */
    private static String toDC(String domainName) {
        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
        for (String token : domainName.split("\\.")) {
            if(token.length()==0) continue;
            if(buf.length()>0)  buf.append(",");
            buf.append("DC=").append(token);
        }
        return buf.toString();
    }

    private static Map<String,String> createParams(String[] args) {
        Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();  
        for(String str : args) {
            int delim = str.indexOf('=');
            if (delim>0) params.put(str.substring(0, delim).trim(), str.substring(delim+1).trim());
            else if (delim==0) params.put("", str.substring(1).trim());
            else params.put(str, null);
        }
        return params;
    }

}

还有 SSL 帮助类。

package test;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;    
import javax.net.*;
import javax.net.ssl.*;

public class DummySSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
    private SSLSocketFactory socketFactory;
    public DummySSLSocketFactory() {
        try {
          SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
          ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{ new DummyTrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
          socketFactory = ctx.getSocketFactory();
        } catch ( Exception ex ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException(ex); }
    }

      public static SocketFactory getDefault() { return new DummySSLSocketFactory(); }

      @Override public String[] getDefaultCipherSuites() { return socketFactory.getDefaultCipherSuites(); }
      @Override public String[] getSupportedCipherSuites() { return socketFactory.getSupportedCipherSuites(); }

      @Override public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String string, int i, boolean bln) throws IOException {
        return socketFactory.createSocket(socket, string, i, bln);
      }
      @Override public Socket createSocket(String string, int i) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
        return socketFactory.createSocket(string, i);
      }
      @Override public Socket createSocket(String string, int i, InetAddress ia, int i1) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
        return socketFactory.createSocket(string, i, ia, i1);
      }
      @Override public Socket createSocket(InetAddress ia, int i) throws IOException {
        return socketFactory.createSocket(ia, i);
      }
      @Override public Socket createSocket(InetAddress ia, int i, InetAddress ia1, int i1) throws IOException {
        return socketFactory.createSocket(ia, i, ia1, i1);
      }
}

class DummyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
    @Override public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
        // do nothing
    }
    @Override public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
        /*System.out.println("checkServerTrusted for authType: " + str); // RSA
        for(int idx=0; idx<xcs.length; idx++) {
            X509Certificate cert = xcs[idx];
            System.out.println("X500Principal: " + cert.getSubjectX500Principal().getName());
        }*/
    }
    @Override public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[0];
    }
}

Answer 3

您必须在SECURITY_PRINCIPAL 中提供整个用户dn

喜欢这个

env.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, "cn=username,ou=testOu,o=test"); 

Answer 4

// this class will authenticate LDAP UserName or Email

// simply call LdapAuth.authenticateUserAndGetInfo (username,password);

//Note: Configure ldapURI ,requiredAttributes ,ADSearchPaths,accountSuffex 

import java.util.*;

import javax.naming.*;

import java.util.regex.*;

import javax.naming.directory.*;

import javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext;

import javax.naming.ldap.LdapContext;

public class LdapAuth {


private final static String ldapURI = "ldap://20.200.200.200:389/DC=corp,DC=local";

private final static String contextFactory = "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory";

private  static String[] requiredAttributes = {"cn","givenName","sn","displayName","userPrincipalName","sAMAccountName","objectSid","userAccountControl"};


// see you active directory user OU's hirarchy 

private  static String[] ADSearchPaths = 

{ 

    "OU=O365 Synced Accounts,OU=ALL USERS",

    "OU=Users,OU=O365 Synced Accounts,OU=ALL USERS",

    "OU=In-House,OU=Users,OU=O365 Synced Accounts,OU=ALL USERS",

    "OU=Torbram Users,OU=Users,OU=O365 Synced Accounts,OU=ALL USERS",

    "OU=Migrated Users,OU=TES-Users"

};


private static String accountSuffex = "@corp.local"; // this will be used if user name is just provided


private static void authenticateUserAndGetInfo (String user, String password) throws Exception {

    try {


        Hashtable<String,String> env = new Hashtable <String,String>();

        env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, contextFactory);

        env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, ldapURI);     

        env.put(Context.SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION, "simple");

        env.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, user);

        env.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, password);

        DirContext ctx = new InitialDirContext(env);

        String filter = "(sAMAccountName="+user+")";  // default for search filter username

        if(user.contains("@"))  // if user name is a email then
        {
            //String parts[] = user.split("\\@");
            //use different filter for email
            filter = "(userPrincipalName="+user+")";
        }

        SearchControls ctrl = new SearchControls();
        ctrl.setSearchScope(SearchControls.SUBTREE_SCOPE);
        ctrl.setReturningAttributes(requiredAttributes);

        NamingEnumeration userInfo = null;


        Integer i = 0;
        do
        {
            userInfo = ctx.search(ADSearchPaths[i], filter, ctrl);
            i++;

        } while(!userInfo.hasMore() && i < ADSearchPaths.length );

        if (userInfo.hasMore()) {

            SearchResult UserDetails = (SearchResult) userInfo.next();
            Attributes userAttr = UserDetails.getAttributes();System.out.println("adEmail = "+userAttr.get("userPrincipalName").get(0).toString());

            System.out.println("adFirstName = "+userAttr.get("givenName").get(0).toString());

            System.out.println("adLastName = "+userAttr.get("sn").get(0).toString());

            System.out.println("name = "+userAttr.get("cn").get(0).toString());

            System.out.println("AdFullName = "+userAttr.get("cn").get(0).toString());

        }

        userInfo.close();

    }
    catch (javax.naming.AuthenticationException e) {

    }
}   
}