Python tkinter 访问对象属性

Question

我是 python 和编程的初学者。我正在尝试为我的 tkinter 程序创建一个看起来像（有点！）的模板空窗口。

我有 2 个脚本。一个用于主程序，另一个用于所有功能。我的想法是将带有函数的脚本导入到主脚本中并使用模板。

我的主脚本在这里（main.py）：

import module1 as md1
import Tkinter as tk

main_sizex=1280
main_sizey=750
main_posx=1
main_posy=1
main_title="Hello! This is a test"
main_titlesize=22
root=tk.Tk()
md1.Drag_Window(root, main_sizex, main_sizey, main_posx, main_posy, main_title, main_titlesize)
root.mainloop()

我的其他功能脚本（module1.py）：

import Tkinter as tk
def Drag_Window(name,sizex,sizey,posx,posy,title,titlesize):
    def StartMove(event):
        global x,y
        x = event.x
        y = event.y
    def StopMove(event):
        x = None
        y = None
    def OnMotion(event):
        x1 = x
        y1 = y
        x2 = event.x
        y2 = event.y
        deltax = x2-x1
        deltay = y2-y1
        a = name.winfo_x() + deltax
        b = name.winfo_y() + deltay
        name.geometry("+%s+%s" % (a, b))

    name.overrideredirect(True)
    name.config(relief='solid',bd=1,bg='white')
    name.wm_geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d" % (sizex, sizey, posx, posy))
    frame=tk.Frame(name,width=sizex,height=80,relief='solid',bd=1,bg='black')
    frame.place(x=0,y=0)
    frame.bind("<ButtonPress-1>",StartMove)
    frame.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>",StopMove)
    frame.bind("<B1-Motion>",OnMotion)
    label=tk.Label(frame,text=title,font=('calibri',(titlesize)),bg='black',fg='white')
    label.place(x=10,y=15)
    button=tk.Button(frame,text='EXIT',font=('calibri',(13)),bg='red',relief='flat',bd=1,width=8,pady=3,command=name.destroy)
    button.place(x=1170,y=20)
    frame2=tk.Frame(name,width=sizex,height=20,relief='solid',bd=1,bg='black')
    frame2.place(x=0,y=sizey-20)

我的问题是我需要为我的模板中的一些标签小部件和按钮小部件更改一些属性，例如 bgcolor 和 text。我知道我可以像这样在我的函数中添加我想要的其他属性

def Drag_Window(name,sizex,sizey,posx,posy,title,titlesize,propertyA,propertyB,...etc): 
........
........

但我想知道是否可以直接从我的主脚本访问小部件属性？反正我能做到吗？

类似这样的：

import module1 as md1
import Tkinter as tk

main_sizex=1280
main_sizey=750
main_posx=1
main_posy=1
main_title="Hello! This is a test"
main_titlesize=22
root=tk.Tk()
md1.Drag_Window(root, main_sizex, main_sizey, main_posx, main_posy, main_title, main_titlesize)
md1.button.config(bg='green') # <=
root.mainloop() 

Answer 1

使用class。

ma​​in.py

import Tkinter as tk

import module1 as md1


main_sizex = 1280
main_sizey = 750
main_posx = 1
main_posy = 1
main_title = "Hello! This is a test"
main_titlesize = 22
root = tk.Tk()
window = md1.Drag_Window(root, main_sizex, main_sizey, main_posx, main_posy, main_title, main_titlesize)
window.button.config(bg='green')
root.mainloop() 

module1.py

import Tkinter as tk

class Drag_Window:
    def __init__(self, name, sizex, sizey, posx, posy, title, titlesize):
        self.name = name
        name.overrideredirect(True)
        name.config(relief='solid', bd=1, bg='white')
        name.wm_geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d" % (sizex,  sizey,  posx,  posy))
        frame = tk.Frame(name, width=sizex, height=80, relief='solid', bd=1, bg='black')
        frame.place(x=0, y=0)
        frame.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.StartMove)
        frame.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.StopMove)
        frame.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.OnMotion)
        label = tk.Label(frame, text=title, font=('calibri', titlesize), bg='black', fg='white')
        label.place(x=10, y=15)
        self.button = tk.Button(frame, text='EXIT', font=('calibri', 13), bg='red', relief='flat', bd=1, width=8, pady=3, command=name.destroy)
        self.button.place(x=1170, y=20)
        frame2 = tk.Frame(name, width=sizex, height=20, relief='solid', bd=1, bg='black')
        frame2.place(x=0, y=sizey-20)

    def StartMove(self, event):
        self.x = event.x
        self.y = event.y

    def StopMove(self, event):
        self.x = None
        self.y = None

    def OnMotion(self, event):
        x1 = self.x
        y1 = self.y
        x2 = event.x
        y2 = event.y
        deltax = x2 - x1
        deltay = y2 - y1
        a = self.name.winfo_x() + deltax
        b = self.name.winfo_y() + deltay
        self.name.geometry("+%s+%s" % (a, b))

另一种方式（不推荐） - 在 Drag_Window() 函数中将小部件公开为全局变量。

def Drag_Window(root, ....):
    global button
    ....
    button = Button(....)