如何处理python模块tkinter中的单击按钮事件

Question

我正在尝试使用 tkinter 在 python 中制作一个问题游戏。我正在努力定义一个函数，该函数可以检查玩家点击的答案并添加到分数，然后在答案下方打印出来。

每当我点击代码的结果是分数为 0 并且问题和答案没有改变。另外，如果我反复单击，它会在彼此下方打印 0 作为标签。

我只包含了我所有的代码，这样如果有人想自己测试代码，就不会抛出任何错误。

import tkinter
import random
from random import shuffle

score = 0

def check_answer(answer):
    if answer == answers[s][0] or answer == answers[s][1]:
        global score
        score += 1
    lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text=score)
    lbl.pack()


#This sets up a window and names it "The Hunt" but doesn't generate the window
window = tkinter.Tk()
window.title("The Hunt!")

#This sets the background colour
window.configure(background="#1C3F95")

#This generates labels and buttons that are the same or similar colour to the background
welcome = tkinter.Label(window, text="Welcome to the Hunt!", bg="#1C3F95")
begin = tkinter.Button(window, text="Click here to begin", bg="#1C7C95")


#This is my code for the question generation. As I made that for a pygame window, I obviously had to change it slightly

questions = ["What species of bird is also a nickname for New Zealand?", "Which Twins can you play as in Assassin's Creed Syndicate?",
                 "Which year was 'Killing In The Name' Christmas Number one?"]

answers = [["kiwi", "Kiwi", "Falcon", "Sparrow", "Crow"], ["frye", "Frye", "Bank", "Green", "Bundy"], ["2009", "2009",
                                                                                                       "1999", "1993",
                                                                                                       "2004"]]
#I had to do it in two separate lists as it's easier to work with later on
# Also I made the correct answers non-case sensitive to make it easier to test.

r = len(questions)
score = 0
s = random.randrange(0, r, 1)
#This generates a random number within the range of how many questions there are
# and then prints out that question

#This generates a label that displays the randomly generated question
question = tkinter.Label(window, text=questions[s])


list = answers[s]
output = []

for i in range(1, 5):
    output.append(answers[s][i])
shuffle(output)


# this takes the answers that correspond with the randomly generated question and shuffles the answers
# I did this as otherwise, the answer would always be the first answer to appear and the player could exploit this

#This code is what displays the labels and buttons on the window. It lets the computer decide where the best place for
#each component is
welcome.pack()
begin.pack()
question.pack()

for i in output:
    answer = tkinter.Button(window, text=i, command=lambda answer = i: check_answer(i))
    answer.pack()


#I had decided to pack the answers like this as it was easier than typing out each element of the list and also
#more efficent
window.mainloop()
#this is the code that actually generates the window

Answer 1

从顶部开始，让我们将您的 check_answer 定义更改为不每次都创建新标签：

def check_answer(answer):
    if answer == answers[s][0] or answer == answers[s][1]:
        global score
        score += 1
        lbl["text"] = score

接下来，我们需要在你的 for 循环中做一个小改动：我们要发送答案，而不是 i：

for i in output:
    answer = tkinter.Button(window, text=i, command=lambda answer = i: check_answer(answer))
    answer.pack()

lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text=score)
lbl.pack()

最后，我们会将之前移除的标签添加到您最初拥有它的底部。您可以通过将其更快地打包到代码中来更改它的位置以实现美观。一旦回答（正确或不正确），您的代码仍然不会循环到新问题，但至少现在您可以看到用户何时正确回答。

希望这会有所帮助。

Answer 2

首先，你在 lambda 回调中犯了一个小错误：

command=lambda answer=i: check_answer(answer)

应该是的。

然后对于许多标签，创建一个标签并更改文本：

def check_answer(answer):
    print(answer)
    if answer == answers[s][0] or answer == answers[s][1]:
        global score
        score += 1
    lbl.configure(text=str(score))

（很多代码我没有复制）

for i in output:
    answer = tkinter.Button(window, text=i, command=lambda answer=i: check_answer(answer))
    answer.pack()

lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text=score)
lbl.pack()