使用循环时数组索引越界异常java

Question

我的程序每运行几次就会给我一个错误

     at outlab6.Battleship.setShips(Battleship.java:75)
     at outlab6.Battleship.setBoard(Battleship.java:35)

但我认为我已经设置了代码，因此这些不应该发生。谁能告诉我我做错了什么以及为什么不忽略使之成为可能的可能性？

package outlab6;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Battleship {
  private int rows;
  private int cols;
  private Spot spot[][];
  Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

  public  Battleship(int rows, int cols){
    this.rows = rows;
    this.cols = cols;
  }
  public void setBoard(){
    spot = new Spot[rows][cols];
    for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++){
      for( int j = 0; j < cols; j++){
        spot[i][j] = new Spot();
      }
    }
    //setup board to be completely empty
    for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++){
        spot[i][j].setShip(0);
      }
    }
    //   //test code
    //   for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++){
    //     for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++){
    //       System.out.print(spot[i][j].getShip());
    //     }
    //     System.out.println();
    //   }
    setShips();
  }
  public void printBoard(boolean active){


  }
  public boolean over() {

    return false;
  }
  public void makeGuess() {
    input.nextInt();

  }
  public void printStatistics() {


  }
  public void setShips(){
    //this method creates and places the ships
    //start with carrier and move on down
    for(int i = 5; i > 1; i--){
      int col;
      int row;
      boolean valid = false;
      //set a direction
      int direction = (int)(Math.random()*2)+1;
      //System.out.println(direction);
      //get a valid spot
      while(!valid){
        //generate a location
        int chosenRow = (int)(Math.random()* rows)+1;
        int chosenCol = (int)(Math.random()* cols)+1;
        System.out.println("Row:" + chosenRow);
        System.out.println("Col:" + chosenCol);
        //check to see if spot is open

        //for horizontal ships
        if(chosenCol + i < cols){
          for(int j = 0; j < i; j++){
            if(spot[chosenRow][chosenCol + i].getShip() == 0){
              valid = true;
            }else{
              valid = false;
            }
          }
        }else{
          //go through again
        }

      }
    }
  }
}

Answer 1

你的问题可能就在这里：

    int chosenRow = (int)(Math.random()* rows)+1;
    int chosenCol = (int)(Math.random()* cols)+1;

这将为您提供介于1 和rows 之间的chosenRow，以及介于1 和cols 之间的chosenCol。当您尝试访问spot[chosenRow][chosenCol + i] 时，拥有chosenRow == rows 将使您脱离数组边界。

你应该把它改成：

    int chosenRow = (int)(Math.random()* rows);
    int chosenCol = (int)(Math.random()* cols);