WPF 动态创建情节提要

Question

我在为 .net WPF 中动态创建的 UserControl 运行 Storyboard 时遇到问题。

这些是我的课程示例：

class EventsPage {

    //  ...    

    public void AddEvent(Event @event) {
        var eventUC = new EventUserContrl(@event);
        eventUC.ExpandCollapseAnimation += ExpandCollapseAnimation;
        EventsStackPanel.Children.Add(eventUC);
    }

    private ExpandCollapseAnimation(EventUserControl eventUC, double height, double time) {

        //  Create frames using custom functions for creating them.
        var frames = new DoubleKeyFrameCollection() {
            StoryBoardsBuilder.CreateEasingDoubleKeyFrame(0.0, eventUC.ActualHeight),
            StoryBoardsBuilder.CreateEasingDoubleKeyFrame(time, destinationHeight)
        };

        //  Create Animation.
        var heightSizeAnimation= StoryBoardsBuilder.BuildDoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(
                FillBehavior.Stop, frames, eventUC.Name, new PropertyPath("Height"));

        //  Create StoryBoard.
        var storyboard = new Storyboard();

        //  Add Animations into StoryBoard.
        storyboard.Children.Add(heightSizeAnimation);

        //  Create final function.
        storyboard.Completed += (sender, e) => {
            eventUC.Height = destinationHeight;
        };

        //  Run animation.
        storyboard.Begin(this);
    }

    //  ...

}

启动后，在storyboard.Begin(this)，显示异常：
System.InvalidOperationException: „Name „” cannot be found in the namespace „ProjectName.Pages.EventsPage ”.”

我做了类似的事情，但在页面中手动放置用户控件，它可以工作，但这不会。

这是 StoryBuilder 代码：

public static EasingDoubleKeyFrame CreateEasingDoubleKeyFrame(
    double frameTimeInSeconds,
    double value) {

    //  Create double key frame.
    return new EasingDoubleKeyFrame() {
        KeyTime = KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(frameTimeInSeconds)),
        Value = value
    };
}

public static DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames BuildDoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(
    FillBehavior fillBehavior,
    DoubleKeyFrameCollection keyFrames,
    string targetName,
    PropertyPath targetProperty) {

    //  Create animation.
    var animation = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames();

    //  Set animation end behavior.
    animation.FillBehavior = fillBehavior;

    //  Set animation frames.
    animation.KeyFrames = keyFrames;

    //  Set animation target object.
    Storyboard.SetTargetName(animation, targetName);

    //  Set animation target property.
    Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(animation, targetProperty);

    return animation;
}

Answer 1

您似乎将Storyboard 的目标设置错了。

Storyboard.SetTargetName 需要一个注册的元素名称。

您有两个选择：要么使用Storyboard.SetTarget，要么注册控件的名称并使用Storyboard.SetTargetName。

解决方案 1：Storyboard.SetTarget（推荐）

推荐的方法是在 C# 中创建动画时使用Storyboard.SetTarget（而不是更方便的 XAML）。 Storyboard.SetTargetName 需要 XAML 名称范围内的元素，使用 X:Name 指令设置 FrameworkElement.Name。使用Storyboard.SetTarget 消除了在名称范围内注册目标元素的要求。

StoryBoardBuilder.cs

class StoryBoardBuilder
{
  public static DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames BuildDoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(
    FillBehavior fillBehavior,
    DoubleKeyFrameCollection keyFrames,
    DependencyObject target,
    PropertyPath targetProperty) 
  {
    //  Create animation.
    var animation = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames();

    //  Set animation end behavior.
    animation.FillBehavior = fillBehavior;

    //  Set animation frames.
    animation.KeyFrames = keyFrames;

    //  Set animation target object.
    Storyboard.SetTarget(animation, target);

    //  Set animation target property.
    Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(animation, targetProperty);

    return animation;
  }
}

示例

class EventsPage 
{
    //  ...    

    public void AddEvent(Event @event) {
        var eventUC = new EventUserContrl(@event);
        eventUC.ExpandCollapseAnimation += ExpandCollapseAnimation;
    }

    private ExpandCollapseAnimation(EventUserControl eventUC, double height, double time) 
    {
        ...

        //  Create Animation.
        var heightSizeAnimation= StoryBoardBuilder.BuildDoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(
          FillBehavior.Stop, 
          frames, 
          eventUC, 
          new PropertyPath("Height"));

        ...
    }

    //  ...

}

解决方案 2：Storyboard.SetTargetName

Storyboard.SetTargetName 需要一个名为 FrameworkElement 的动画目标。此元素的名称必须在当前 XAML 名称范围内注册。这在使用 x:Name 指令在 XAML 中命名元素时自动完成。
由于您决定在 C# 中创建元素，因此您必须手动注册元素名称。如果没有活动的名称范围，您还必须手动创建一个新的名称范围。

最容易访问现有名称范围的是命名 XAML 元素的引用。在这个元素上，你调用FrameworkElement.RegisterName 来注册一个元素。请参阅Microsoft Docs: Targeting Framework Elements, Framework Content Elements, and Freezables 了解更多信息。

StoryBoardBuilder.cs

class StoryBoardBuilder
{
  public static DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames BuildDoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(
    FillBehavior fillBehavior,
    DoubleKeyFrameCollection keyFrames,
    string targetName,
    PropertyPath targetProperty) 
  {
    //  Create animation.
    var animation = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames();

    //  Set animation end behavior.
    animation.FillBehavior = fillBehavior;

    //  Set animation frames.
    animation.KeyFrames = keyFrames;

    //  Set animation target object.
    Storyboard.SetTargetName(animation, targetName);

    //  Set animation target property.
    Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(animation, targetProperty);

    return animation;
  }
}

示例

class EventsPage 
{
    //  ...    

    public void AddEvent(Event @event) 
    {
        var eventUC = new EventUserContrl(@event);

        // Name the element
        eventUC.Name = "MyEventUserContrl";

        // Register the element name in the current name scope manually
        // using an existing named element 
        EventsStackPanel.RegisterName(eventUC.Name, eventUC);

        EventsStackPanel.Children.Add(eventUC);

        eventUC.ExpandCollapseAnimation += ExpandCollapseAnimation;
    }

    private ExpandCollapseAnimation(EventUserControl eventUC, double height, double time) 
    {
        ...

        //  Create Animation.
        var heightSizeAnimation= StoryBoardBuilder.BuildDoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(                    
          FillBehavior.Stop, 
          frames, 
          eventUC.Name, 
          new PropertyPath("Height"));

        ...
    }

    //  ...
}