如何解析具有嵌套元素（complexType 和 simpleType 元素和属性）的 xsd 文件？

Question

我有一个这样的 xsd 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<xs:schema attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <xs:element name="transfer">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="sourceGLN" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="destinationGLN" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="actionType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
                    <xs:simpleType>
                        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                            <xs:enumeration value="P" /> <!-- Mal Alim (Purchase) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="S" /> <!-- Satis (Sale) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="C" /> <!-- Cancel Sale (Cancel) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="R" /> <!-- Iade (Return) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="D" /> <!-- Deaktivasyon (Deactivation) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="M" /> <!-- Uretim (Manufacture) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="I" /> <!-- Ithalat (Import) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="X" /> <!-- Ihrac (eXport) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="O" /> <!-- Sarf (cOnsume) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="N" /> <!-- Bilgi (iNformation) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="T" /> <!-- Devir (Transfer) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="L" /> <!-- Devir Iptal (canceL Transfer) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="F" /> <!-- Aktarim (non-its transFer) -->
                            <xs:enumeration value="K" /> <!-- Aktarim Iptal (non-its cancel transfer) -->
                        </xs:restriction>
                    </xs:simpleType>
                </xs:element>
                <xs:element name="shipTo" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="documentNumber" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="documentDate" type="xs:date" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="note" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="version" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="carrier" type="carrierType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
    <xs:complexType name="carrierType">
        <xs:sequence minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
            <xs:choice minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
                <xs:element name="productList" type="productListType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
                <xs:element name="carrier" type="carrierType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
            </xs:choice>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="carrierLabel" use="required">
            <xs:simpleType>
                <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                    <xs:length value="20" />
                </xs:restriction>
            </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:attribute name="containerType" type="xs:string" use="optional" />
    </xs:complexType>
    <xs:complexType name="productListType">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="serialNumber" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="GTIN" type="xs:string" use="required" />
        <xs:attribute name="lotNumber" type="xs:string" use="required" />
        <xs:attribute name="productionDate" type="xs:date" use="optional" />
        <xs:attribute name="expirationDate" type="xs:date" use="required" />
        <xs:attribute name="PONumber" type="xs:string" use="optional" />
    </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

我有这样的代码：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class XmlSchemaTraverseExample
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            // Add the customer schema to a new XmlSchemaSet and compile it.
            // Any schema validation warnings and errors encountered reading or 
            // compiling the schema are handled by the ValidationEventHandler delegate.
            XmlSchemaSet schemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet();
            schemaSet.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallback);
            schemaSet.Add("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema", "C:\\Users\\ahmet.ulusoy\\Desktop\\pts_xml_schema_v_1_4.xsd");
            schemaSet.Compile();

            // Retrieve the compiled XmlSchema object from the XmlSchemaSet
            // by iterating over the Schemas property.
            XmlSchema customerSchema = null;
            foreach (XmlSchema schema in schemaSet.Schemas())
            {
                customerSchema = schema;
            }

            // Iterate over each XmlSchemaElement in the Values collection
            // of the Elements property.
            foreach (XmlSchemaElement element in customerSchema.Elements.Values)
            {

                Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}", element.Name);

                // Get the complex type of the Customer element.
                XmlSchemaComplexType complexType = element.ElementSchemaType as XmlSchemaComplexType;

                // If the complex type has any attributes, get an enumerator 
                // and write each attribute name to the console.
                if (complexType.AttributeUses.Count > 0)
                {
                    IDictionaryEnumerator enumerator =
                        complexType.AttributeUses.GetEnumerator();

                    while (enumerator.MoveNext())
                    {
                        XmlSchemaAttribute attribute =
                            (XmlSchemaAttribute)enumerator.Value;

                        Console.WriteLine("Attribute: {0}", attribute.Name);
                    }
                }

                // Get the sequence particle of the complex type.
                XmlSchemaSequence sequence = complexType.ContentTypeParticle as XmlSchemaSequence;

                // Iterate over each XmlSchemaElement in the Items collection.
                foreach (   XmlSchemaElement childElement in sequence.Items)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Element: {0}", childElement.Name);
                }
            }
        }

        static void ValidationCallback(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
        {
            if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
                Console.Write("WARNING: ");
            else if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Error)
                Console.Write("ERROR: ");

            Console.WriteLine(args.Message);
        }
    }
}

当我尝试运行它时，它给了我第一个元素的元素名称。 之后，我如何获取其他两个 xs:complexType name="carrierType" 和 xs:complexType name="productListType" 及其子元素和属性？

我做了这部分，并会更新代码。

我还想用这些数据和数据类型创建一个通用类。我该怎么办？

感谢您的提前。

Answer 1

如果你有一个像上面这样的 xsd 文档，你可能需要这样的代码。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            XmlSchemaSet schemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet();
            schemaSet.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallback);
            schemaSet.Add("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema", "C:\\Users\\ahmet.ulusoy\\Desktop\\pts_xml_schema_v_1_4.xsd");
            schemaSet.Compile();

            XmlSchema xmlSchema = null;
            foreach (XmlSchema schema in schemaSet.Schemas())
            {
                xmlSchema = schema;
            }

            DataSet myDS = new DataSet();
            myDS.ReadXmlSchema("C:\\Users\\ahmet.ulusoy\\Desktop\\pts_xml_schema_v_1_4.xsd");

            foreach (object item in xmlSchema.Items)
            {
                XmlSchemaElement schemaElement = item as XmlSchemaElement;
                XmlSchemaComplexType complexType = item as XmlSchemaComplexType;

                if (schemaElement != null)
                {
                    Console.Out.WriteLine("Schema Element: {0}", schemaElement.Name);

                    XmlSchemaType schemaType = schemaElement.SchemaType;
                    XmlSchemaComplexType schemaComplexType = schemaType as XmlSchemaComplexType;

                    if (schemaComplexType != null)
                    {
                        XmlSchemaParticle particle = schemaComplexType.Particle;
                        XmlSchemaSequence sequence = particle as XmlSchemaSequence;

                        if (sequence != null)
                        {
                            foreach (XmlSchemaElement childElement in sequence.Items)
                            {
                                Console.Out.WriteLine("    Element/Type: {0}:{1}", childElement.Name,
                                                      childElement.SchemaTypeName.Name);
                            }

                        }
                        if (schemaComplexType.AttributeUses.Count > 0)
                        {
                            IDictionaryEnumerator enumerator = schemaComplexType.AttributeUses.GetEnumerator();

                            while (enumerator.MoveNext())
                            {
                                XmlSchemaAttribute attribute = (XmlSchemaAttribute)enumerator.Value;

                                Console.Out.WriteLine("      Attribute/Type: {0}", attribute.Name);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if (complexType != null)
                {
                    Console.Out.WriteLine("Complex Type: {0}", complexType.Name);
                    OutputElements(complexType.Particle);
                    if (complexType.AttributeUses.Count > 0)
                    {
                        IDictionaryEnumerator enumerator = complexType.AttributeUses.GetEnumerator();

                        while (enumerator.MoveNext())
                        {
                            XmlSchemaAttribute attribute = (XmlSchemaAttribute)enumerator.Value;
                            Console.Out.WriteLine("      Attribute/Type: {0}", attribute.Name);
                        }
                    }
                }
                Console.Out.WriteLine();
            }

            Console.Out.WriteLine();
            Console.In.ReadLine();
        }

        private static void OutputElements(XmlSchemaParticle particle)
        {
            XmlSchemaSequence sequence = particle as XmlSchemaSequence;
            XmlSchemaChoice choice = particle as XmlSchemaChoice;
            XmlSchemaAll all = particle as XmlSchemaAll;

            if (sequence != null)
            {
                Console.Out.WriteLine("  Sequence");

                for (int i = 0; i < sequence.Items.Count; i++)
                {
                    XmlSchemaElement childElement = sequence.Items[i] as XmlSchemaElement;
                    XmlSchemaSequence innerSequence = sequence.Items[i] as XmlSchemaSequence;
                    XmlSchemaChoice innerChoice = sequence.Items[i] as XmlSchemaChoice;
                    XmlSchemaAll innerAll = sequence.Items[i] as XmlSchemaAll;

                    if (childElement != null)
                    {
                        Console.Out.WriteLine("    Element/Type: {0}:{1}", childElement.Name,
                                              childElement.SchemaTypeName.Name);
                    }
                    else OutputElements(sequence.Items[i] as XmlSchemaParticle);
                }
            }
            else if (choice != null)
            {
                Console.Out.WriteLine("  Choice");
                for (int i = 0; i < choice.Items.Count; i++)
                {
                    XmlSchemaElement childElement = choice.Items[i] as XmlSchemaElement;
                    XmlSchemaSequence innerSequence = choice.Items[i] as XmlSchemaSequence;
                    XmlSchemaChoice innerChoice = choice.Items[i] as XmlSchemaChoice;
                    XmlSchemaAll innerAll = choice.Items[i] as XmlSchemaAll;

                    if (childElement != null)
                    {
                        Console.Out.WriteLine("    Element/Type: {0}:{1}", childElement.Name,
                                              childElement.SchemaTypeName.Name);
                    }
                    else OutputElements(choice.Items[i] as XmlSchemaParticle);
                }

                Console.Out.WriteLine();
            }
            else if (all != null)
            {
                Console.Out.WriteLine("  All");
                for (int i = 0; i < all.Items.Count; i++)
                {
                    XmlSchemaElement childElement = all.Items[i] as XmlSchemaElement;
                    XmlSchemaSequence innerSequence = all.Items[i] as XmlSchemaSequence;
                    XmlSchemaChoice innerChoice = all.Items[i] as XmlSchemaChoice;
                    XmlSchemaAll innerAll = all.Items[i] as XmlSchemaAll;

                    if (childElement != null)
                    {
                        Console.Out.WriteLine("    Element/Type: {0}:{1}", childElement.Name,
                                              childElement.SchemaTypeName.Name);
                    }
                    else OutputElements(all.Items[i] as XmlSchemaParticle);
                }
                Console.Out.WriteLine();
            }
        }
        static void ValidationCallback(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
        {
            if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
                Console.Write("WARNING: ");
            else if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Error)
                Console.Write("ERROR: ");

            Console.WriteLine(args.Message);
        }
    }

}

您可以针对更具体的情况对其进行改进。 例如属性组、组、vs... 现在我也得到了那个 xsd 的通用类。 现在我将使用上面 xsd 引用的 xml 设置通用类（之前制作的）。

通过这些操作，我将取消在我的项目中逐个节点读取 xml 的机制。

Answer 2

对于已编译的 XmlSchemaSet，我将使用以下集合来遍历全局内容（或命名，如您正在寻找的 xs:complexType name="carrierType" and xs:complexType name="productListType"）：

• GlobalAttributes
• GlobalElements
• GlobalTypes - 在这里可以找到复杂类型。

对于所有其他，例如属性组、组、符号，您需要遍历每个架构（就像您对元素所做的那样）。

另外，您正在浏览 PSVI 属性。只是为了确保，也许对于其他阅读，它与“源”XSD 不同。例如，AttributeUses 与 Attributes 的不同之处在于可能会因不同的要求而有所不同。