【问题标题】:Detecting incoming SMS messages检测传入的 SMS 消息
【发布时间】:2020-03-06 14:16:39
【问题描述】:

在我的 android 代码中,我试图检测传入的 SMS 消息。下面的代码自 2 年以来一直在工作,但现在它停止工作了。我错过了哪些更新?

public class SmsListener extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private String msgBody;
    private SharedPreferences preferences;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub


        if(intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")){

            Toast.makeText(context,"message received",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();           //---get the SMS message passed in---
            SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
            String msg_from;
            if (bundle != null){
                //---retrieve the SMS message received---
                try{
                    Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                    msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
                    for(int i=0; i<msgs.length; i++){
                        msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pdus[i]);
                        msg_from = msgs[i].getOriginatingAddress();
                        msgBody = msgs[i].getMessageBody();
                        MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);
                    }

                    Toast.makeText(context,"message is:"+msgBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }catch(Exception e){
                    Log.d("Exception caught",e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }

在我的主要活动中,我请求用户许可,并使用 SMS 接收器如下:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);



//Updated///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
           if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
            requestSmsPermission();
        else {
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        }

        ///////Updated///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    }


private void requestSmsPermission() {
    String permission = Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS;
    int grant = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission);
    if ( grant != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        String[] permission_list = new String[1];
        permission_list[0] = permission;
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permission_list, 1);

    }
}

  @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == 1) {
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        }
    }

我的 Manifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.zaidalmahmoud.expenseless">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />

    <application
        android:name=".MyApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".GraphActivity"></activity>
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <receiver
            android:name=".SmsListener"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BROADCAST_SMS">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <activity android:name=".DetailedExpenseActivity" />
    </application>

</manifest>

收到短信后,我的 android 应用程序没有检测到它,但它没有崩溃或显示任何内容。为什么?谢谢。

注意:我对接收带有验证码的短信不感兴趣。我希望我的应用程序能够捕获任何传入的 SMS。

【问题讨论】:

    标签: android broadcastreceiver sms android-sms


    【解决方案1】:

    Android 应用需要 SMS 接收/读取权限才能检索 SMS 内容。 Google 引入了 SMS Retriever API,此 API 允许在您的应用程序中无需 SMS 权限即可检索 OTP。

    为 SMS Retriever API 添加这些依赖项

    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:16.0.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-identity:16.0.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:16.0.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth-api-phone:16.0.0'
    

    然后创建如下界面:

    public interface OnNewMessageListener {
        void onNewMessageReceived(String activationCode);
    }
    

    然后,创建一个广播接收器来接收短信:

    public class SmsBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener;
    
        public SmsBroadcastReceiver() {
        }
    
        public SmsBroadcastReceiver(OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener) {
            this.onNewMessageListener = onNewMessageListener;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            if (SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
                Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
                if (extras != null) {
                    Status status = (Status) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_STATUS);
    
                    if (status != null)
                        switch (status.getStatusCode()) {
                            case CommonStatusCodes.SUCCESS:
                                // Get SMS message contents
                                String message = (String) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_SMS_MESSAGE);
                                // Extract one-time code from the message and complete verification
                                // by sending the code back to your server.
                                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(message)) {
                                    String activationCode = null;
                                    Pattern p = Pattern.compile("your pattern like \\b\\d{4}\\b");
                                    Matcher m = p.matcher(message);
                                    if (m.find()) {
                                        activationCode = (m.group(0));  // The matched substring
                                    }
    
                                    if (onNewMessageListener != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(activationCode))
                                        onNewMessageListener.onNewMessageReceived(activationCode);
                                }
                                break;
                            case CommonStatusCodes.TIMEOUT:
                                // Waiting for SMS timed out (5 minutes)
                                // Handle the error ...
                                break;
                        }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    在您的AndroidManifest 声明广播接收器:

            <receiver
                android:name=".SmsBroadcastReceiver"
                android:exported="true"
                tools:ignore="ExportedReceiver">
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="com.google.android.gms.auth.api.phone.SMS_RETRIEVED" />
                </intent-filter>
            </receiver>
    

    在您的活动中添加以下代码:

        private SmsBroadcastReceiver smsListener;
    
         @Override
            protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Get an instance of SmsRetrieverClient, used to start listening for a matching
                // SMS message.
                SmsRetrieverClient client = SmsRetriever.getClient(Objects.requireNonNull(getContext()) /* context */);
    
                // Starts SmsRetriever, which waits for ONE matching SMS message until timeout
                // (5 minutes). The matching SMS message will be sent via a Broadcast Intent with
                // action SmsRetriever#SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.
                Task<Void> task = client.startSmsRetriever();
    
                // Listen for success/failure of the start Task. If in a background thread, this
                // can be made blocking using Tasks.await(task, [timeout]);
                task.addOnSuccessListener(aVoid -> {
                    // Successfully started retriever, expect broadcast intent
                    // ...
                });
    
                task.addOnFailureListener(e -> {
                    // Failed to start retriever, inspect Exception for more details
                    // ...
                });
    
                OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener = activationCode -> {
                    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(activationCode)) {
                        editText.setText(String.valueOf(activationCode));
                    }
                };
                smsListener = new SmsBroadcastReceiver(onNewMessageListener);
                if (getContext() != null)
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                        getContext().registerReceiver(smsListener, new IntentFilter(SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION));
                    }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onStop() {
            super.onStop();
            try {
                if (getContext() != null && smsListener != null) {
                    getContext().unregisterReceiver(smsListener);
                    smsListener = null;
                }
            } catch (Exception ignored) {
            }
        }
    

    你的短信应该是这样的:

    <#> Use 123456 as your verification code 
    FC+7qAH5AZu
    

    消息必须:

    有关更多信息,请参阅link

    更新

    看到这个link

    编辑

    将您的活动更改为:

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
    
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
                requestSmsPermission();
            else {
                smsListener = new SmsListener();
                IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
                intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
                registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
            }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == 1) {
        smsListener= new SmsListener();
        IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
        registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        }
    }
    

    更新

    将您的 BroadcastReceiver 更改为:

    public class SmsListener extends BroadcastReceiver {
    
        private String msgBody;
        private SharedPreferences preferences;
    
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    
    
            if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) {
    
                Toast.makeText(context, "message received", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    
                Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
                try {
                    if (bundle != null) {
                        final Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                        for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
                            SmsMessage smsMessage;
                            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
                                smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i], bundle.getString("format"));
                            else smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
    
                            msg_from = smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
                            msgBody = smsMessage.getMessageBody();
                            MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);
                        }
                        Toast.makeText(context, "message is:" + msgBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.d("Exception caught", e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    【讨论】:

    • 感谢您的帮助,但我不想检测带有验证码的短信。我的问题是关于捕捉任何短信。事实上,我对一种完全不同的 SMS 很感兴趣。
    • 谢谢,我尝试重用其中的一些代码,但我看不出我的代码和他的代码有什么不同,而且我的应用程序没有任何变化。未检测到短信。我需要知道我的错误到底在哪里。
    • 嗨。我想告诉你,它只工作了一次,然后就停止工作了,我不知道为什么。我把你的代码放在最后一次编辑中
    • @TravelingSalesman 我认为您的问题在于: MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);使用接口更新数据或将数据发送到主要活动。
    • 我没有改变任何东西(可能除了一条祝酒消息),现在它又可以工作了。我会继续测试它,并让你知道。但我非常怀疑 MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody) 中是否存在问题,因为我对其进行了很好的测试,或者至少因为现在它可以正常工作而没有任何问题。
    【解决方案2】:

    在您的 android 清单文件中声明 SMS 读取和接收权限:

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    

    那么我们需要一个 SMS Receiver 如下:

    class SMSReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
    
    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent?) {
        if (intent != null && intent.action != null && intent.action!!.equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED", ignoreCase = true)) {
            val bundle = intent.extras
            if (bundle != null) {
                val sms = bundle.get(SMS_BUNDLE) as Array<Any>?
                val smsMsg = StringBuilder()
    
                var smsMessage: SmsMessage
                if (sms != null) {
                    for (sm in sms) {
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                            val format = bundle.getString("format")
                            smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(sm as ByteArray, format)
                        } else {
                            smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(sm as ByteArray)
                        }
    
    
                        val msgBody = smsMessage.messageBody.toString()
                        val msgAddress = smsMessage.originatingAddress
    
                        smsMsg.append("SMS from : ").append(msgAddress).append("\n")
                        smsMsg.append(msgBody).append("\n")
                    }
    
                    sendBroadcast(smsMsg.toString())
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    private fun sendBroadcast(smsMSG: String) {
        val broadcastIntent = Intent()
        broadcastIntent.action = AppConstants.mBroadcastSMSUpdateAction
        broadcastIntent.putExtra(AppConstants.message, smsMSG)
        EventBus.getDefault().post(EventIntent(broadcastIntent))
    }
    
    companion object {
    
        val SMS_BUNDLE = "pdus"
    }
    }
    

    您可以将收到的短信信息广播到您的 MainActivity。

    然后你需要在你的 manifest 文件中声明 SMS Broadcast 接收器如下:

      <receiver
            android:name=".SMSReceiver"
            android:enabled="true">
            <intent-filter android:priority="2147483647">
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
    
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    

    在 MainActivity 中启动应用程序后,您需要通过以下方式检查 SMS 权限:

    Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
    Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
    

    您可以为此使用内置的 android 权限模块或 RxPermission:

      val rxPermissions = RxPermissions(this)
        rxPermissions.request(
                Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
                Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS)
                .subscribe(object : Observer<Boolean> {
                    override fun onNext(t: Boolean) {
                        if (t) {
    
                        } else {
                            Toast.makeText(activity, getString(R.string.permission_request_denied), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                        }
                    }
                    override fun onSubscribe(d: Disposable) {}
                    override fun onError(e: Throwable) {}
                    override fun onComplete() {}
                })
    

    【讨论】:

    • 您使用的是什么语言?那绝对不是java语法
    • @Traveling Salesman 这是 Kotlin 用于 Android 应用程序开发的新语言
    • 不幸的是,我正在使用带有 Java 语法的 Android Studio。
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