Swift 中的复杂 JSON。如何正确获取数据。不同的结构

Question

遇到一个难题，接收数据时不知道如何将数据分解成一个数组。

负责的变量包含不同类型的数据。

我说对了吗？我认为在初始化程序中通过可能的选项并替换所需的选项？这个数组的变量应该是什么类型？

[
  {
    "id": 42,
    "created_at": "2021-09-08T08:55:58.000000Z",
    "updated_at": "2021-09-08T08:55:58.000000Z",
    "link": "u4986",
    "type": "u",
    "responsible": {
      "id": 4986,
      "type": "management_company",
      "email": "X@X.com",
      "phone": "+0000000000",
      "comment": null,
      "first_name": "Alex",
      "second_name": "Hook"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 43,
    "created_at": "2021-09-08T08:55:58.000000Z",
    "updated_at": "2021-09-08T08:55:58.000000Z",
    "link": "r14",
    "type": "r",
    "responsible": {
      "id": 14,
      "name": "manager",
      "guard_name": "api",
      "created_at": "2021-06-15T19:20:20.000000Z",
      "updated_at": "2021-06-15T19:20:20.000000Z"
    }
  }
]

如何为 MyJson 制作初始化器

struct MyJson: Codable {
    let id: Int
    let createdAt: String
    let updatedAt: String
    let link: String
    let type: String
    let responsible: Any
}

// MARK: - Responsible
struct User: Codable {
    let id: Int
    let type, email, phone, comment: String
    let firstName, secondName: String
}

struct UserCategory: Codable {
    let id: Int
    let name, guardName, createdAt, updatedAt: String
}

Answer 1

在 swift JSON 解析中非常简单，构建一个反映您的 JSON 的对象（我刚刚在这里基于您的 JSON 构建了一个示例）：

struct JsonExample: Decodable {
  let id: Int
  let responsible: [Responsible]

  struct Responsible: Decodable {
      let id: Int
      let email: String
      let guard_name: String
  }
}

然后直接解码

let jsonData = "json_string".data(using: .utf8)!
do {
      let decoded = try JSONDecoder().decode([JsonExample].self, from: jsonData)
            
} catch let error {
      print(error.localizedDescription)
}

如果您想区分嵌套对象，可以使用 init 并使用 JSON 中的属性来完成工作

init(from decoder : Decoder) throws {
    let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
    self.id = try container.decode(Int.self, forKey: .id)
    let type = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .type)
    if type == "a" {
         let data = try container.decode([ResponsibleA].self, forKey: . responsible)
         responsible = .responsibleA(data)
    } else { // add better error handling
         let data = try container.decode([ResponsibleB].self, forKey: . responsible)
         responsible = .responsibleB(data)
    }
 }

Answer 2

完成了很长时间的任务。最后我解决了这个问题。如果你正面临这个问题。你会在这里找到解决方案Indeterminate Types with Codable in Swift