【发布时间】:2017-04-09 00:48:05
【问题描述】:
我在共享库中替换了operator new 和operator delete。
我希望当我在这个共享库上执行dlopen 时,使用了共享库中的operator new 和operator delete 的版本(不是运行dlopen() 的二进制文件的版本)。
为此,我将 -Bsymbolic 选项传递给链接器,但它似乎不起作用。
这里是 MWE:
main.cpp
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "library.h"
int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
std::cout << "going call library function" << std::endl;
using func_t = decltype(library_function);
auto handle = dlopen("./libshared.so", RTLD_NOW);
auto fnc = reinterpret_cast<func_t*>(dlsym(handle, "library_function"));
fnc();
dlclose(handle);
}
图书馆.h
#ifndef LIBRARY_H
#define LIBRARY_H
extern "C" void library_function();
#endif // LIBRARY_H
库.cpp:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
extern "C" void library_function()
{
std::string str;
str.resize(10);
std::cout << "inside library function: " << str.size() << std::endl;
}
新的.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <new>
void* operator new(std::size_t size)
{
std::cout << "operator new from shared library" << std::endl;
void* ptr = malloc(size);
if(!ptr) throw std::bad_alloc();
return ptr;
}
void* operator new(std::size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept
{
std::cout << "operator new from shared library" << std::endl;
return malloc(size);
}
void* operator new[](std::size_t size)
{
return ::operator new(size);
}
void* operator new[](std::size_t size, const std::nothrow_t& nothrow) noexcept
{
return ::operator new(size, nothrow);
}
void operator delete(void* ptr) noexcept
{
std::cout << "operator delete from shared library" << std::endl;
return free(ptr);
}
void operator delete(void* ptr, std::size_t size) noexcept
{
::operator delete(ptr);
}
void operator delete(void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept
{
return ::operator delete(ptr);
}
void operator delete(void* ptr, std::size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept
{
return ::operator delete(ptr);
}
void operator delete[](void* ptr) noexcept
{
return ::operator delete(ptr);
}
void operator delete[](void* ptr, std::size_t size) noexcept
{
return ::operator delete(ptr);
}
void operator delete[](void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept
{
return ::operator delete(ptr);
}
void operator delete[](void* ptr, std::size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) noexcept
{
return ::operator delete(ptr);
}
生成文件:
all:
c++ -std=c++14 -g2 -O0 -shared -fPIC -o libshared.so library.cpp new.cpp -Wl,-Bsymbolic
c++ -std=c++14 -g2 -O0 main.cpp -o main -ldl
主输出:
$ ./main
going call library function
inside library function: 10
预期输出:输出包含“operator new from shared library”、“operator delete from shared library”。
第二个问题 - 当我显式链接此库时如何实现相同的行为(-lshared for main.cpp)。
更新:
似乎实际上链接器会使用-Bsymbolic 进行更改。
考虑 diff 来自 readelf -r 的共享库,带和不带 -Bsymbolic:
-Relocation section '.rela.plt' at offset 0xeb0 contains 20 entries:
+Relocation section '.rela.plt' at offset 0xeb0 contains 15 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
-000000202018 002700000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 00000000000014b7 operator new(unsigned long, std::nothrow_t const&) + 0
-000000202020 000300000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_s@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
-000000202028 003000000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 000000000000142c operator new(unsigned long) + 0
-000000202030 000600000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 std::ios_base::Init::Init@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
-000000202038 000700000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 malloc@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0
-000000202040 003100000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 000000000000153f operator delete(void*) + 0
-000000202048 000800000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __cxa_atexit@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0
-000000202050 000b00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZStlsISt11char_traits@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
-000000202058 000c00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_s@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
-000000202060 000d00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 free@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0
-000000202068 000f00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_s@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
-000000202070 002e00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 00000000000016b8 std::exception::exception() + 0
-000000202078 001200000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(unsigned long)@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
-000000202080 002f00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 00000000000016d6 std::bad_alloc::bad_alloc() + 0
-000000202088 001500000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __stack_chk_fail@GLIBC_2.4 + 0
-000000202090 001600000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __cxa_allocate_excepti@CXXABI_1.3 + 0
-000000202098 001700000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
-0000002020a0 001800000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __cxa_throw@CXXABI_1.3 + 0
-0000002020a8 001900000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&))@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
-0000002020b0 001c00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _Unwind_Resume@GCC_3.0 + 0
+000000202018 000300000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_s@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
+000000202020 000600000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 std::ios_base::Init::Init@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
+000000202028 000700000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 malloc@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0
+000000202030 000800000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __cxa_atexit@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0
+000000202038 000b00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZStlsISt11char_traits@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
+000000202040 000c00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_s@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
+000000202048 000d00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 free@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0
+000000202050 000f00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_s@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
+000000202058 001200000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(unsigned long)@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
+000000202060 001500000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __stack_chk_fail@GLIBC_2.4 + 0
+000000202068 001600000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __cxa_allocate_excepti@CXXABI_1.3 + 0
+000000202070 001700000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _ZNKSt7__cxx1112basic_@GLIBCXX_3.4.21 + 0
+000000202078 001800000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 __cxa_throw@CXXABI_1.3 + 0
+000000202080 001900000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& (*)(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&))@GLIBCXX_3.4 + 0
+000000202088 001c00000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 _Unwind_Resume@GCC_3.0 + 0
似乎在使用 -Bsymbolic 构建时 operator new/operator delete 没有标记为可重定位 - 因此必须使用内部版本?
更新: 确实,我看到调用 operator new 的区别:
w/o -Bsymbolic 调用通过 PLT 和 GOT:
0x000000000000109c <+28>: callq 0xed0 <_Znam@plt>
w/ -Bsymbolic 调用不通过 PLT 和 GOT:
0x0000000000000f7c <+28>: callq 0x110a <operator new[](unsigned long)>
更新:
实际上似乎调用了 operator new/operator delete 的正确版本。 GDB 中的步骤说明显示了它。问题是 operator
更新:
似乎问题是由于当我在 std::string 上调用 resize 时 - 该符号是从二进制文件而不是库中使用的。在来自二进制文件的 std::string resize 函数内部,对 operator new 的调用被路由到其本地定义 - 这就是为什么我没有看到替换 operator new/operator delete 的调用。 当我直接从库中使用 operator new/operator delete 时,它开始工作。
更新:
是的,当与libstdc++(libc++) 静态链接时,问题就消失了。
【问题讨论】:
-
所以,您有一个 C++ 程序一直在使用一组
operator new和operator delete函数(因为它在您调用dlopen()之前已经运行)。然后你想通过dlopen()加载你的共享库,并让它的内存管理版本接管所有现有内存以及任何未来的内存。你能多快说出“崩溃!”? -
@JonathanLeffler,假设我完全理解问题并且知道自己在做什么。实际的答案更棘手 - 共享库中的所有 operator new/operator delete 将被路由到生成 dlopen 的二进制文件中的 operator new/operator delete,但通过二进制文件和共享库之间的特定接口(调用门)。
-
好的;在你自己的头上吧。但我很困惑,如果你满足这些要求,你需要问这个问题。我不知道,也不会冒险,但这只是我。
标签: c++ linux linker new-operator elf