【发布时间】:2021-04-13 13:23:31
【问题描述】:
我有一个非常大的数组,大小为 20,000,000,我想写入一个未格式化的文件。 它是一个自相关函数。
在不写入文件的情况下使用 -O4 优化编译标志非常快。 但是一旦我写入文件,似乎需要一天多的时间才能完成。
最后是 f90 程序。下面是没有写入文件和写入文件的输出。
很明显,写入数组的单个元素大约需要 10 毫秒。
20,000,000 x 0.01 = 200,000 秒 = 3,333 分钟 = 55 小时
读取只需要 45 秒,怎么可能需要这么长时间来写入文件?我可以做些什么来提高速度?
备注
系统:Ubuntu 20.04
编译行:fortran -o acorr.exe -O4 acorr.f90
无文件写入
elapsed time for reading: 43.4389992
Size of Jx: 20000000
Loop Start Time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e0 elapsed time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e1 elapsed time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e2 elapsed time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e3 elapsed time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e4 elapsed time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e5 elapsed time: 43.5009995
correlation time magnitude 1e6 elapsed time: 43.5029984
correlation time magnitude 1e7 elapsed time: 43.5190010
elapsed time: 43.5369987
使用文件写入
elapsed time for reading: 43.6349983
Size of Jx: 20000000
Loop Start Time: 43.6949997
correlation time magnitude 1e0 elapsed time: 43.7319984
correlation time magnitude 1e1 elapsed time: 43.8969994
correlation time magnitude 1e2 elapsed time: 45.4980011
correlation time magnitude 1e3 elapsed time: 61.5289993
acorr.f90
PROGRAM acorr
real:: a,b,c,d, sum, mean, var
integer:: i,j, jsize,beginning, rate, end, end1
real, dimension(20000000):: Jx, Jxm, corr
integer:: skip_lines = 4
call system_clock(beginning, rate)
!reading file
open(10, file='DiamHeat.log', status='old')
do i = 1,skip_lines
read(10,*)
end do
do i = 1, 20000000
read(10,*) a, b, Jx(i), c, d
end do
call system_clock(end)
print *, "elapsed time for reading: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
close(10)
!finished reading
open(20, file='acorr.txt', form='UNFORMATTED')
jsize = size(Jx)
print *, "Size of Jx: ", jsize
!print *, dot_product(Jx(10:jsize),Jx(1:jsize-10))
!calculate mean
mean = sum(Jx)/jsize
Jxm(:) = Jx(:)-mean
!calculate variance
var = dot_product(Jxm,Jxm)/jsize
!begin autocorrelation calc
call system_clock(end1)
print *, "Loop Start Time: ", real(end1 - beginning) / real(rate)
do i =0,jsize-1
!calculation
corr(i+1) = dot_product(Jxm(i+1:jsize),Jxm(1:jsize-i))/var/(jsize-i)
!clock timing
if(i == 1) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e0 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 10) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e1 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 100) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e2 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 1000) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e3 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 10000) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e4 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 100000) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e5 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 1000000) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e6 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
else if(i == 10000000) then
call system_clock(end)
print *, "correlation time magnitude 1e7 elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
end if
end do
write(20,*) corr
close(20)
call system_clock(end)
print *, "elapsed time: ", real(end - beginning) / real(rate)
END PROGRAM
【问题讨论】:
-
write(20,*) corr是格式化 写作,而不是未格式化。这与您的公开声明不一致。此外,这种写入不会发生在循环的迭代中,所以你确定你看到了什么吗? -
尝试使用 fromatted 和 unformatted,并没有改变任何东西。是的,这就是我所看到的。很可能是由于 -On 优化编译器,但我不确定。
-
-On 选项几乎可以肯定对 I/O 速度几乎没有影响。看看stackoverflow.com/questions/43637321/… 看看是否有帮助。
-
@ddwong 确切地说,您所说的“尝试使用 fromatted 和 unformatted”是什么意思?您是否尝试了未格式化的 write 语句,或者只是更改了 open 语句?
-
如果最后没有
corr的输出,编译器可能会决定(特别是在高优化级别)不去计算这些值。你也许可以在最后做一个print *, sum(corr)看看效果。
标签: optimization fortran gfortran