仅适用于用户 django 的评论模型（1048，“列 'user_id' 不能为空”或没有用户填写）

Question

希望你一切都好。

我正在尝试使用一个表单字段（内容）为用户创建评论。我想让用户字段自动填写用户值。

我。我从这个模型开始，但出现错误（1048，“Column 'user_id' cannot be null”）： 模型.py

class Comment(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post,on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name="comments")
    user = models.ForeignKey(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = models.TextField(max_length=160)
    publishing_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
     
    def __str__(self):
        return self.post.title

views.py

class PostDetail(generic.DetailView,FormMixin):
    model = Post
    context_object_name = 'post'
    template_name = 'post_detail.html'
    form_class = CreateCommentForm
    
    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super(PostDetail, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['form'] = self.get_form()
        return context

    def form_valid(self, form):
        if form.is_valid():
            form.instance.post = self.object
            form.save()
            return super(PostDetail, self).form_valid(form)
        else:
            return super(PostDetail, self).form_invalid(form)

    def post(self,*args,**kwargs):
        self.object = self.get_object()
        form = self.get_form()
        if form.is_valid():
            return self.form_valid(form)
        else:
            return self.form_valid(form)

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse('post_detail',kwargs={"slug":self.object.slug})

forms.py

class CreateCommentForm(forms.ModelForm):
    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super(CreateCommentForm, self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)
        self.helper = FormHelper()
        self.helper.form_method="post"
        self.helper.layout = Layout(
            Field("content",css_class="form-control",style="margin-bottom:10px",rows="1"),
        )
        
        self.helper.add_input(Submit('submit','Comment',css_class="btn btn-sm",style="background-color: #0d6ec5;border-color: #0d6ec5;"))



    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = [
            'content'
        ]

二。它可以在我的管理面板上工作，但不能在我的网站上工作（我收到此错误：（1048，“列'user_id'不能为空”））。 所以我决定改变我的模型：

class Comment(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post,on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name="comments")
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = models.TextField(max_length=160)
    publishing_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
     
    def __str__(self):
        return self.post.title

问题是，如果用户发表评论，内容还可以，但没有用户与评论相关。有人有想法吗？

Answer 1

您需要指定.user 属性，可能对登录用户：

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin

class PostDetail(LoginRequiredMixin, FormMixin, generic.DetailView):
    model = Post
    context_object_name = 'post'
    template_name = 'post_detail.html'
    form_class = CreateCommentForm
    
    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['form'] = self.get_form()
        return context

    def form_valid(self, form):
        form.instance.post = self.object
        form.instance.user = self.request.user
        return super().form_valid(form)

    def post(self,*args,**kwargs):
        self.object = self.get_object()
        form = self.get_form()
        if form.is_valid():
            return self.form_valid(form)
        else:
            return self.form_valid(form)

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse('post_detail',kwargs={"slug":self.object.slug})

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注意：您可以将视图限制为基于类的视图，以向经过身份验证的用户提供 LoginRequiredMixin mixin [Django-doc].

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注意：通常使用settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL [Django-doc] 引用用户模型比直接使用User model [Django-doc] 更好。更多信息可以查看referencing the User model section of the documentation。