上传文件时出现 WinHTTP 问题

Question

花了几天时间撞墙后，我想我会在这里问。

下面代码的问题是我基本上是在迭代一个目录，在那里上传文件。所有文件都很小，大小约为 1KB，因此这不是大小问题。第一次上传很顺利，所有后续调用都被 winhttp 中断，只发送标头。

代码如下：

BOOL NetworkManager::UploadFileToServer(wchar_t *pszURL, wchar_t *pszFilePath, wchar_t *_pszProxyAddress, wchar_t *pszServerAddress)
{
HINTERNET  hSession = NULL, 
hConnect = NULL,
hRequest = NULL;
BOOL bResults;
DWORD dwSize = 0;
DWORD dwContentLength = 0;
LPCWSTR pszProxyAddress = 0;
wchar_t wszContentLength[256] = { 0 };

pszProxyAddress = _pszProxyAddress;

printf("Trying to send %S\r\n", pszFilePath);

if(pszProxyAddress != NULL && wcslen(pszProxyAddress) < 4)
{
    pszProxyAddress = NULL;
}

HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(pszFilePath, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL);

if(hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
    printf("UM: Unable to open the file for sending, aborting...\r\n");
    return FALSE;
}

DWORD dwFileSize = GetFileSize(hFile, NULL);

// Use WinHttpOpen to obtain a session handle.
if(pszProxyAddress == NULL)
{
    hSession = WinHttpOpen( L"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko", 
                        WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_DEFAULT_PROXY,
                        NULL,
                        WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);
}
else
{
    hSession = WinHttpOpen( L"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko", 
                        WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_NAMED_PROXY,
                        pszProxyAddress, 
                        WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);
}

// Specify an HTTP server.
if (hSession)
{
    hConnect = WinHttpConnect( hSession, _pszServerAddress,
                               INTERNET_DEFAULT_HTTPS_PORT, 0);
}
else
{
    printf("hSession failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n", GetLastError());
    return FALSE;
}

// Create an HTTP request handle.
if (hConnect)
{
    hRequest = WinHttpOpenRequest( hConnect, L"POST", L"upload.php",
                                   NULL, WINHTTP_NO_REFERER, 
                                   WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES, 
                                   WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE);
}
else
{
    printf("hConnect failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n", GetLastError());
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
    return FALSE;
}
PHEAP_BUFFER pBuf = NULL;
DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
// Send a request.
if (hRequest)
{

DWORD options = SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_CN_INVALID | SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_DATE_INVALID  |  SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_UNKNOWN_CA ;

    bResults = WinHttpSetOption( hRequest, WINHTTP_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS , (LPVOID)&options, sizeof (DWORD) );

WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, L"Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----BoundaryXu02", (ULONG) -1L, WINHTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD);

dwContentLength = strlen(pszFormHeader) + dwFileSize + strlen(pszFinalBoundary);        
DWORD dwTotalSent = 0;
pBuf = MemoryManager::AllocateHeapMemory(dwContentLength, 1);
DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
strcat_s((PCHAR)pBuf->pBuffer, pBuf->dwBufferSize, pszFormHeader);
ReadFile(hFile, &pBuf->pBuffer[strlen(pszFormHeader)], dwFileSize, &dwBytesRead, NULL);
memcpy(&pBuf->pBuffer[strlen(pszFormHeader) + dwFileSize], pszFinalBoundary, strlen(pszFinalBoundary));

wsprintf(wszContentLength, L"Content-Length: %d", dwContentLength);

bResults = WinHttpSendRequest( hRequest, wszContentLength, -1, 0, 0, dwContentLength, 0);

printf("Sending out the request\r\n");

WinHttpWriteData(hRequest, pBuf->pBuffer, pBuf->dwBufferSize, &dwBytesWritten);
}
else
{
    printf("hRequest failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n", GetLastError());
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
    return FALSE;
}


//WinHttpWriteData(hRequest, pBuf->pBuffer, pBuf->dwBufferSize, &dwBytesWritten);

 // End the request.
if (bResults)
{
    bResults = WinHttpReceiveResponse( hRequest, NULL);
}
else
{
    printf("hResults failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n");
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
    MemoryManager::FreeHeapMemory(pBuf);
    return FALSE;
}

WinHttpQueryDataAvailable(hRequest, &dwBytesWritten);

// Close any open handles.
if (hRequest) WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
if (hConnect) WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
if (hSession) WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
MemoryManager::FreeHeapMemory(pBuf);
CloseHandle(hFile);
DeleteFile(pszFilePath);
return TRUE;
}

这是来自服务器的 access_log：

xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:33 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 1811 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:33 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:33 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:33 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:33 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
xxx.xxx.xxx.244 - - [09/Jan/2014:16:39:34 +0200] "POST /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 200 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"

我完全不知道为什么世界上第一个 POST 成功，但其余的都去 sh*t :(

编辑：

忘记添加标题声明：

char *pszFormHeader = "------BoundaryXu02\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploaded\"; filename=\"aviconv.dat\"\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n";
char *pszFinalBoundary = "\r\n------BoundaryXu02--\r\n";
char *pwzContentHeader = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----BoundaryXu02";
wchar_t wszContentLength[256] = { 0 };

Answer 1

好的，所以终于弄清楚了代码存在的问题。

1) 为了防止潜在的代理干扰上传，在调用 WinHttpOpenRequest 时使用 WINHTTP_FLAG_REFRESH

2) 由于在此代码中您为每次上传创建新连接，因此某些服务器似乎会感到困惑，因为 WinHTTP 的默认设置是在标头中使用“连接：保持活动”。添加“连接：关闭”解决了这个问题。

3) 似乎调用 WinHttpReceiveResponse 和 WinHttpQueryDataAvailable 是不够的。在最后添加 WinHttpReadData 调用后，事情开始正常运行。

4) 确保每次添加 CurrentTickCount 调用时上传使用不同的边界。只是为了确保一路上愚蠢的代理不会认为“我以前见过这个”

以下是通过 SSL (HTTPS) 将文件上传到 php 脚本的功能代码。我已经剥离了在我的项目中引用其他组件的调用，并将它们替换为普通的 C 等效项。

我希望这对其他与 WinHTTP 搏斗的人有所帮助:)

另外，请注意该函数会在发送后删除文件，所以不要只是复制/粘贴并在 c:\windows\system32\kernel32.dll 上测试...

免责声明：我知道代码仍有改进的空间，特别是在一些不安全的函数调用以及如果文件大小大于 DWORD 会出现问题的事实。再说一次，另一方面，如果您尝试像这样发送它们，WinHTTP 无论如何都会拒绝上传那么大的文件。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <winhttp.h>

char *pszFormHeader = "------Boundary%08X\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploaded\"; filename=\"%08x.dat\"\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n";
char *pszFinalBoundary = "\r\n------Boundary%08X--\r\n";
wchar_t *wszContentHeader = L"Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----Boundary%08X";
wchar_t wszContentLength[256] = { 0 };

#define BUFFER_SIZE_1KB 1024

BOOL UploadFileToServer(wchar_t *wszURL, wchar_t *wszFilePath, wchar_t *_wszProxyAddress, wchar_t *_wszServerAddress);

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    UploadFileToServer(L"upload.php", L"c:\\sample1.txt", NULL, L"www.example.com");
    UploadFileToServer(L"upload.php", L"c:\\sample2.txt", NULL, L"www.example.com");

}

BOOL UploadFileToServer(wchar_t *wszURL, wchar_t *wszFilePath, wchar_t *_wszProxyAddress, wchar_t *_wszServerAddress)
{
    /*
     * Declarations and initializations
     */
    HINTERNET  hSession = NULL, hConnect = NULL, hRequest = NULL;
    BOOL bResults;
    DWORD dwSize = 0;
    DWORD dwContentLength = 0;
    DWORD dwBytesToRead = 0;
    DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
    DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
    DWORD dwBoundaryValue = 0;
    DWORD dwFileSize = 0;
    DWORD options = SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_CN_INVALID | SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_DATE_INVALID  |  SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_UNKNOWN_CA ;
    LPCWSTR wszProxyAddress = 0;
    wchar_t wszContentLength[256] = { 0 };

    PUCHAR pResponse = 0;
    PCHAR pFormHeader = 0;
    PCHAR pFinalBoundary = 0;
    PUCHAR pBuf = 0;
    wchar_t *pContentHeader = 0;

    /*
     * Preparations, set up the content headers
     */
    pFormHeader = (PCHAR) calloc(BUFFER_SIZE_1KB, 1);
    pFinalBoundary = (PCHAR) calloc(BUFFER_SIZE_1KB, 1);
    pContentHeader = (wchar_t *) calloc(BUFFER_SIZE_1KB, 1);

    dwBoundaryValue = GetTickCount();
    wszProxyAddress = _wszProxyAddress;

    sprintf_s(pFormHeader, BUFFER_SIZE_1KB, pszFormHeader, dwBoundaryValue, dwBoundaryValue);
    sprintf_s(pFinalBoundary, BUFFER_SIZE_1KB, pszFinalBoundary, dwBoundaryValue);
    wsprintf(pContentHeader, wszContentHeader, dwBoundaryValue);

    if(wszProxyAddress != NULL && wcslen(wszProxyAddress) < 4)
    {
        wszProxyAddress = NULL;
    }

    HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(wszFilePath, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL);

    if(hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        free(pFormHeader);
        free(pFinalBoundary);
        free(pContentHeader);
        printf("Unable to open the file for sending, aborting...\r\n");
        return FALSE;
    }

    dwFileSize = GetFileSize(hFile, NULL);

    if(dwFileSize == 0)
    {
        free(pFormHeader);
        free(pFinalBoundary);
        free(pContentHeader);
        printf("The file is 0 bytes in size, cannot send it\r\n");
        return FALSE;
    }

    if(wszProxyAddress == NULL)
    {
        hSession = WinHttpOpen( L"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko", 
                            WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_DEFAULT_PROXY,
                            NULL,
                            WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);
    }
    else
    {
        hSession = WinHttpOpen( L"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko", 
                            WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_NAMED_PROXY,
                            wszProxyAddress, 
                            WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);
    }


    if (hSession)
    {
        hConnect = WinHttpConnect( hSession, _wszServerAddress,
                                INTERNET_DEFAULT_HTTPS_PORT, 0);
    }
    else
    {
        free(pFormHeader);
        free(pFinalBoundary);
        free(pContentHeader);
        printf("hSession failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n", GetLastError());
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (hConnect)
    {
        hRequest = WinHttpOpenRequest( hConnect, L"POST", wszURL,
                                   NULL, WINHTTP_NO_REFERER, 
                                   WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES, 
                                   WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE | WINHTTP_FLAG_REFRESH);
    }
    else
    {
        free(pFormHeader);
        free(pFinalBoundary);
        free(pContentHeader);
        printf("hConnect failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n", GetLastError());
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
        return FALSE;
    }

if (hRequest)
{
    bResults = WinHttpSetOption( hRequest, WINHTTP_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS , (LPVOID)&options, sizeof (DWORD) );

    WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, pContentHeader, (ULONG) -1L, WINHTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD);
    WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, L"Connection: close", (ULONG) -1L, WINHTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD | WINHTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_REPLACE);

    dwContentLength = strlen(pFormHeader) + dwFileSize + strlen(pFinalBoundary);        

    pBuf = (PUCHAR)calloc(dwContentLength, 1);

    strcat_s((PCHAR)pBuf, dwContentLength, pFormHeader);

    ReadFile(hFile, &pBuf[strlen(pFormHeader)], dwFileSize, &dwBytesRead, NULL);

    memcpy(&pBuf[strlen(pFormHeader) + dwFileSize], pFinalBoundary, strlen(pFinalBoundary));

    wsprintf(wszContentLength, L"Content-Length: %d", dwContentLength);

    bResults = WinHttpSendRequest( hRequest,
                                    wszContentLength,
                                    -1, pBuf, dwContentLength, 
                                   dwContentLength, 0);

}
else
{
    free(pFormHeader);
    free(pFinalBoundary);
    free(pContentHeader);
    printf("hRequest failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n", GetLastError());
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
    return FALSE;
}

if (bResults)
{
    bResults = WinHttpReceiveResponse( hRequest, NULL);
}
else
{
    printf("hResults failed, errorcode 0x%08x\r\n");
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
    free(pBuf);
    free(pFormHeader);
    free(pFinalBoundary);
    free(pContentHeader);
    return FALSE;
}

WinHttpQueryDataAvailable(hRequest, &dwBytesToRead);

pResponse = (PUCHAR)calloc(dwBytesToRead, 1);

WinHttpReadData(hRequest, pResponse, dwBytesToRead, &dwBytesRead);

free(pResponse);
free(pFormHeader);
free(pFinalBoundary);
free(pContentHeader);
// Close any open handles.
if (hRequest) WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
if (hConnect) WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
if (hSession) WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);

free(pBuf);
CloseHandle(hFile);

DeleteFile(wszFilePath);

return TRUE;

}

Answer 2

以下代码适用于我将文本图块上传到返回状态代码 200 的 HTTP 侦听器。

#include <Windows.h>
#include <winhttp.h>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

std::wstring ErrorMessage(DWORD dwMessageId)
{
    HMODULE h = GetModuleHandle(L"Winhttp");
    constexpr DWORD dwSize = 512;
    HANDLE hHeap = GetProcessHeap();
    LPWSTR lpwszBuffer = static_cast<LPWSTR>(HeapAlloc(hHeap, 0, dwSize * sizeof(WCHAR)));
    if (lpwszBuffer) {
        if (0 == FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_HMODULE | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, h, dwMessageId, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), lpwszBuffer, dwSize, nullptr))
            _ltow_s(dwMessageId, lpwszBuffer, dwSize, 16);
        else {
            for (WCHAR* p; (p = wcschr(lpwszBuffer, L'\r')) != nullptr; *p = L' ') {}
            for (WCHAR* p; (p = wcschr(lpwszBuffer, L'\n')) != nullptr; *p = L' ') {}
        }

        std::wstring wsError = lpwszBuffer;
        HeapFree(hHeap, 0, lpwszBuffer);
        return wsError;
    }
    return std::wstring{};
}

int main()
{
    DWORD dwSize = 0;
    LPVOID lpOutBuffer = NULL;
    BOOL  bResults = FALSE;
    HINTERNET hSession = NULL,
        hConnect = NULL,
        hRequest = NULL;

    // Use WinHttpOpen to obtain a session handle.
    hSession = WinHttpOpen(L"A WinHTTP Example Program/1.0",
        WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_DEFAULT_PROXY,
        WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_NAME,
        WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);

    std::wstring url{ L"http://app.pomdit.com:3010/uploadfile" };
    URL_COMPONENTS components{};
    components.dwStructSize = sizeof(components);
    components.dwHostNameLength = (DWORD)-1;
    components.dwUrlPathLength = (DWORD)-1;
    if (!WinHttpCrackUrl(url.c_str(), static_cast<DWORD>(url.length()), 0, &components)) {
        wprintf((L"WinHttpCrackUrl(): " + ErrorMessage(GetLastError())).c_str());
    }

    std::wstring hostName(components.lpszHostName ? std::wstring{ components.lpszHostName, components.dwHostNameLength } : L"localhost");
    // Specify an HTTP server.
    if (hSession)
        hConnect = WinHttpConnect(hSession, hostName.c_str(),
                                  components.nPort, 0);

    // Create an HTTP request handle.
    if (hConnect)
        hRequest = WinHttpOpenRequest(hConnect, L"POST", components.lpszUrlPath,
            NULL, WINHTTP_NO_REFERER,
            WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES,
            0);

    const WCHAR* ContentType =
        L"Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary = 19024605111143684786787635207";

    std::ifstream in("LogFile.txt");
    std::stringstream buffer;
    buffer << in.rdbuf();
    std::string contents(buffer.str());

    std::string MultipartRequestBody =
        "--19024605111143684786787635207\r\n"
        "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"Logfile\"\r\n"
        "Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n"
        "\r\n";

    std::string finalBody =  "--19024605111143684786787635207--\r\n";
    MultipartRequestBody += contents + "\r\n" + finalBody;

    bResults = WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(
        hRequest,
        ContentType,
        -1L,
        WINHTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD
    );

    bResults = WinHttpSendRequest(hRequest, WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS, 0,
                WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA,
                0,
                MultipartRequestBody.length(),
                NULL);

        DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;
        if (bResults)
            bResults = WinHttpWriteData(hRequest, MultipartRequestBody.c_str(),
                MultipartRequestBody.length(),
                &dwBytesWritten);

    // End the request.
    if (bResults)
        bResults = WinHttpReceiveResponse(hRequest, NULL);

    if (bResults)
    {
        DWORD status{}, len = sizeof(status);
        bResults = WinHttpQueryHeaders(hRequest, WINHTTP_QUERY_STATUS_CODE | WINHTTP_QUERY_FLAG_NUMBER, NULL, &status, &len, NULL);
        printf("Status code = %d.\n", status);
    }
    else
    {
        wprintf(L"WinHttpReceiveResponse(): %s\n", ErrorMessage(GetLastError()).c_str());
    }

    // Close any open handles.
    if (hRequest) WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
    if (hConnect) WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
    if (hSession) WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
}