【发布时间】:2021-09-22 01:16:18
【问题描述】:
我正在仔细检查我的理解。我遇到了这种形式的代码:
#define BUFLEN_256 256
int main()
{
const char* charPtr = "";
if (true /* some real test here */)
{
char buf[BUFLEN_256] = { 0 };
snprintf(buf, BUFLEN_256, "Some string goes here..");
charPtr = buf;
}
std::cout << charPtr << std::endl; // Is accessing charPtr technically dangerous here?
}
我的直接想法是错误,一旦退出 if(){},分配给 buf[] 的堆栈内存不再保证属于数组。但是代码可以毫无问题地构建和运行,并且在仔细检查自己时我感到困惑。我不擅长组装,但如果我正确阅读它,离开花括号后堆栈指针似乎不会被重置。有人可以仔细检查我并插话这段代码在技术上是否有效吗?这是带有程序集的代码(使用 Visual Studio 2019 构建)。我的想法是这段代码不行,但我以前在奇怪的问题上错了。
#define BUFLEN_256 256
int main()
{
00DA25C0 push ebp
00DA25C1 mov ebp,esp
00DA25C3 sub esp,1D8h
00DA25C9 push ebx
00DA25CA push esi
00DA25CB push edi
00DA25CC lea edi,[ebp-1D8h]
00DA25D2 mov ecx,76h
00DA25D7 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh
00DA25DC rep stos dword ptr es:[edi]
00DA25DE mov eax,dword ptr [__security_cookie (0DAC004h)]
00DA25E3 xor eax,ebp
00DA25E5 mov dword ptr [ebp-4],eax
00DA25E8 mov ecx,offset _1FACD15F_scratch@cpp (0DAF029h)
00DA25ED call @__CheckForDebuggerJustMyCode@4 (0DA138Eh)
const char* charPtr = "";
00DA25F2 mov dword ptr [charPtr],offset string "" (0DA9B30h)
if (true /* some real test here */)
00DA25F9 mov eax,1
00DA25FE test eax,eax
00DA2600 je main+7Ah (0DA263Ah)
{
char buf[BUFLEN_256] = { 0 };
00DA2602 push 100h
00DA2607 push 0
00DA2609 lea eax,[ebp-114h]
00DA260F push eax
00DA2610 call _memset (0DA1186h)
00DA2615 add esp,0Ch
snprintf(buf, BUFLEN_256, "Some string goes here..");
00DA2618 push offset string "Some string goes here.." (0DA9BB8h)
00DA261D push 100h
00DA2622 lea eax,[ebp-114h]
00DA2628 push eax
00DA2629 call _snprintf (0DA1267h)
00DA262E add esp,0Ch
charPtr = buf;
00DA2631 lea eax,[ebp-114h]
00DA2637 mov dword ptr [charPtr],eax
}
std::cout << charPtr << std::endl;
00DA263A mov esi,esp
00DA263C push offset std::endl<char,std::char_traits<char> > (0DA103Ch)
00DA2641 mov eax,dword ptr [charPtr]
00DA2644 push eax
00DA2645 mov ecx,dword ptr [__imp_std::cout (0DAD0D4h)]
00DA264B push ecx
00DA264C call std::operator<<<std::char_traits<char> > (0DA11AEh)
00DA2651 add esp,8
00DA2654 mov ecx,eax
00DA2656 call dword ptr [__imp_std::basic_ostream<char,std::char_traits<char> >::operator<< (0DAD0A0h)]
00DA265C cmp esi,esp
00DA265E call __RTC_CheckEsp (0DA129Eh)
}
00DA2663 xor eax,eax
00DA2665 push edx
00DA2666 mov ecx,ebp
00DA2668 push eax
00DA2669 lea edx,ds:[0DA2694h]
00DA266F call @_RTC_CheckStackVars@8 (0DA1235h)
00DA2674 pop eax
00DA2675 pop edx
00DA2676 pop edi
00DA2677 pop esi
00DA2678 pop ebx
00DA2679 mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-4]
00DA267C xor ecx,ebp
00DA267E call @__security_check_cookie@4 (0DA1181h)
00DA2683 add esp,1D8h
00DA2689 cmp ebp,esp
00DA268B call __RTC_CheckEsp (0DA129Eh)
00DA2690 mov esp,ebp
00DA2692 pop ebp
00DA2693 ret
00DA2694 add dword ptr [eax],eax
00DA2696 add byte ptr [eax],al
00DA2698 pushfd
00DA2699 fiadd dword ptr es:[eax]
00DA269C in al,dx
00DA269D ?? ??????
00DA269E ?? ??????
}
【问题讨论】:
-
如果代码可以编译,并且在一个特定的实例中运行正常,这并不意味着代码没有错误(或 UB)。