如何在 Unity 中序列化和保存游戏对象

Question

我有一个游戏，玩家拿起武器，然后将它作为 GameObject 变量放置给我的玩家，称为“MainHandWeapon”，我试图通过场景更改来保存该武器，所以我试图保存它。我的处理方式如下：

public class Player_Manager : Character, Can_Take_Damage {

    // The weapon the player has.
    public GameObject MainHandWeapon;

    public void Save()
    {
        // Create the Binary Formatter.
        BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
        // Stream the file with a File Stream. (Note that File.Create() 'Creates' or 'Overwrites' a file.)
        FileStream file = File.Create(Application.persistentDataPath + "/PlayerData.dat");
        // Create a new Player_Data.
        Player_Data data = new Player_Data ();
        // Save the data.
        data.weapon = MainHandWeapon;
        data.baseDamage = BaseDamage;
        data.baseHealth = BaseHealth;
        data.currentHealth = CurrentHealth;
        data.baseMana = BaseMana;
        data.currentMana = CurrentMana;
        data.baseMoveSpeed = BaseMoveSpeed;
        // Serialize the file so the contents cannot be manipulated.
        bf.Serialize(file, data);
        // Close the file to prevent any corruptions
        file.Close();
    }
}

[Serializable]
class Player_Data
{
    [SerializeField]
    private GameObject _weapon;
    public GameObject weapon{
        get { return _weapon; }
        set { _weapon = value; }
    }

    public float baseDamage;
    public float baseHealth;
    public float currentHealth;
    public float baseMana;
    public float currentMana;
    public float baseMoveSpeed;
}

但我不断收到此设置错误：

SerializationException: Type UnityEngine.GameObject is not marked as Serializable.

我到底做错了什么？

Answer 1

Unity 不会让您这样做，因为 Gameobject 包含所有附加到它的脚本。例如网格渲染器、碰撞器等。

如果你想说序列化变换，你可以通过创建一个新的 Vector3 位置、Vector3 比例、Vector4 四元数来解决这个问题，然后将其序列化，然后在反序列化时将此数据输入一个新的变换（例如） .

但尝试序列化与网格渲染器关联的实际网格数据将证明是一项相当复杂的任务。最好只序列化一个 int 或代表网格 ID 的东西，然后在加载时将其转换为正确的引用。

Answer 2

理想情况下，您应该有一个对象来保存武器数据（攻击、耐用性等...）并序列化该对象，它可以使您的保存游戏更小，并且更 OOP，因为您可以从该类继承。

Answer 3

经过几个小时的实验，我得出结论，Unity不能用BinaryFormatter 序列化GameObject。 Unity 在他们的 API 文档中声称这是可能的，但它不是。

如果你想在不删除 _weapon GameObject 的情况下删除 error，你应该替换 ...

[SerializeField]
private GameObject _weapon;

与

[NonSerialized]
private GameObject _weapon;

这将使您的其余代码运行而不会引发异常，但您不能反序列化 _weapon GameObject。您可以反序列化其他字段。

或

您可以将 GameObject 序列化为 xml。这可以毫无问题地序列化 GameObject。它以人类可读的格式保存数据。如果您关心安全或不希望玩家在自己的设备上修改分数，您可以encrypt，将其转换为binary或Base-64格式，然后保存 它到磁盘。

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.IO;
using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Text;

public class Player_Manager : MonoBehaviour
{

    // The weapon the player has.
    public GameObject MainHandWeapon;

    void Start()
    {
        Save();
    }

    public void Save()
    {
        float test = 50;

        Debug.Log(Application.persistentDataPath);

        // Stream the file with a File Stream. (Note that File.Create() 'Creates' or 'Overwrites' a file.)
        FileStream file = File.Create(Application.persistentDataPath + "/PlayerData.dat");
        // Create a new Player_Data.
        Player_Data data = new Player_Data();
        //Save the data.
        data.weapon = MainHandWeapon;
        data.baseDamage = test;
        data.baseHealth = test;
        data.currentHealth = test;
        data.baseMana = test;
        data.currentMana = test;
        data.baseMoveSpeed = test;

        //Serialize to xml
        DataContractSerializer bf = new DataContractSerializer(data.GetType());
        MemoryStream streamer = new MemoryStream();

        //Serialize the file
        bf.WriteObject(streamer, data);
        streamer.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);

        //Save to disk
        file.Write(streamer.GetBuffer(), 0, streamer.GetBuffer().Length);

        // Close the file to prevent any corruptions
        file.Close();

        string result = XElement.Parse(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(streamer.GetBuffer()).Replace("\0", "")).ToString();
        Debug.Log("Serialized Result: " + result);

    }
}


[DataContract]
class Player_Data
{
    [DataMember]
    private GameObject _weapon;

    public GameObject weapon
    {
        get { return _weapon; }
        set { _weapon = value; }
    }

    [DataMember]
    public float baseDamage;
    [DataMember]
    public float baseHealth;
    [DataMember]
    public float currentHealth;
    [DataMember]
    public float baseMana;
    [DataMember]
    public float currentMana;
    [DataMember]
    public float baseMoveSpeed;
}