Hartl第10章未定义的局部变量或方法'object'答案

【问题标题】：Hartl Chapter 10 Undefined local variable or method 'object'Hartl第10章未定义的局部变量或方法'object'
【发布时间】：2012-06-24 21:49:03
【问题描述】：

我将表单部分用于创建微帖子，如Listing 10.33 和<%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %> 所示，并按照说明更新了相应的视图文件。但是，我无法通过 Rspec 测试，因为我不断收到“类的未定义局部变量或方法‘对象’......”有什么想法吗？

app/views/shared/_micropost_form.html.erb

<%= form_for(@micropost) do |f| %>
  <%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.text_area :content, placeholder: "Compose new micropost..." %>
  </div>
  <%= f.submit "Post", class: "btn btn-large btn-primary" %>
<% end %>

app/views/shared/_error_messages.html.erb

<% if object.errors.any? %>
  <div id="error_explanation">
    <div class="alert alert-error">
      The form contains <%= pluralize(object.errors.count, "error") %>.
    </div>
    <ul>
      <% object.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>
        <li>* <%= msg %></li>
      <% end %>
    </ul>
  </div>
<% end %>

app/views/users/new.html.erb

<% provide(:title, 'Sign up') %>
<h1>Sign up</h1>

<div class="row">
  <div class="span6 offset3">
    <%= form_for(@user) do |f| %>
      <%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %>
      <%= render 'fields', f: f %>
      <%= f.submit "Create my account", class: "btn btn-large btn-primary" %>
    <% end %>
  </div>
</div>

app/views/users/edit.html.erb

<% provide(:title, "Edit user") %> 
<h1>Update your profile</h1>

<div class="row">
  <div class="span6 offset3">
    <%= form_for(@user) do |f| %>
      <%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %>
      <%= render 'fields', f: f %>
      <%= f.submit "Save changes", class: "btn btn-large btn-primary" %>
    <% end %>

    <%= gravatar_for @user %>
    <a href="http://gravatar.com/emails" target="_blank">change</a>
  </div>
</div>

身份验证规范

require 'spec_helper'

describe "Authentication" do

  subject { page }

  describe "signin page" do
    before { visit signin_path }

    it { should have_selector('h1',    text: 'Sign in') }
    it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
  end

  describe "signin" do
    before { visit signin_path }

    describe "with invalid information" do
      before { click_button "Sign in" }

      it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
      it { should have_error_message('Invalid') }

      it { should_not have_link('Users',    href: users_path) }
      it { should_not have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }

      describe "after visiting another page" do
        before { click_link "Home" }
        it { should_not have_selector('div.alert.alert-error') }
      end      
    end

    describe "with valid information" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
      before { sign_in user }

      it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }

      it { should have_link('Users',    href: users_path) }
      it { should have_link('Profile', href: user_path(user)) }
      it { should have_link('Settings', href: edit_user_path(user)) }
      it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }

      it { should_not have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) }

      describe "followed by signout" do
        before { click_link "Sign out" }
        it { should have_link('Sign in') }
      end      
    end    
  end  

  describe "authorization" do

    describe "for non-signed-in users" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }

      describe "in the Users controller" do

      it { should_not have_link('Profile', href: user_path(user)) }
      it { should_not have_link('Settings', href: edit_user_path(user)) }

        describe "visiting the edit page" do
          before { visit edit_user_path(user) }
          it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
        end

        describe "submitting to the update action" do
          before { put user_path(user) }
          specify { response.should redirect_to(signin_path) }
        end

        describe "visiting the user index" do
          before { visit users_path }
          it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
        end 
      end

      describe "when attempting to visit a protected page" do
        before do
          visit edit_user_path(user)
          fill_in "Email",    with: user.email
          fill_in "Password", with: user.password
          click_button "Sign in"
        end

        describe "after signing in" do

          it "should render the desired protected page" do
            page.should have_selector('title', text: 'Edit user')
          end

      describe "when signing in again" do
        before do
          visit signin_path
          fill_in "Email", with: user.email
              fill_in "Password", with: user.password
          click_button "Sign in"
            end

        it "should render the default (profile) page" do
          page.should have_selector('title', text: user.name)
        end
          end
        end

      describe "in the Microposts controller" do

        describe "submitting to the create action" do
          before { post microposts_path }
          specify { response.should redirect_to(signin_path) }
        end

        describe "submitting to the destroy action" do
          before { delete micropost_path(FactoryGirl.create(:micropost)) }
          specify { response.should redirect_to(signin_path) }
        end
      end   
    end
  end

    describe "as wrong user" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
      let(:wrong_user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user, email: "wrong@example.com") }
      before { sign_in user }

      describe "visiting Users#edit page" do
        before { visit edit_user_path(wrong_user) }
        it { should_not have_selector('title', text: full_title('Edit user')) }
      end

      describe "submitting a PUT request to the Users#update action" do
        before { put user_path(wrong_user) }
        specify { response.should redirect_to(root_path) }
      end
    end  

    describe "as non-admin user" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
      let(:non_admin) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }

      before { sign_in non_admin }

      describe "submitting a DELETE request to the Users#destroy action" do
        before { delete user_path(user) }
        specify { response.should redirect_to(root_path) }        
      end
    end
  end  
end

用户规范

require 'spec_helper'

describe "User pages" do

  subject { page }

  describe "index" do

    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }

    before(:all) { 30.times { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } }
    after(:all)  { User.delete_all }

    before(:each) do
      sign_in user
      visit users_path
    end    

    it { should have_selector('title', text: 'All users') }
    it { should have_selector('h1',    text: 'All users') }    

    describe "pagination" do

      it { should have_selector('div.pagination') }

      it "should list each user" do
        User.paginate(page: 1).each do |user|
          page.should have_selector('li', text: user.name)
        end
      end
    end

    describe "delete links" do

      it { should_not have_link('delete') }

      describe "as an admin user" do
        let(:admin) { FactoryGirl.create(:admin) }
        before do
          sign_in admin
          visit users_path
        end

        it { should have_link('delete', href: user_path(User.first)) }
        it "should be able to delete another user" do
          expect { click_link('delete') }.to change(User, :count).by(-1)
        end
        it { should_not have_link('delete', href: user_path(admin)) }
      end
    end     
  end

  describe "signup page" do
    before { visit signup_path }

    it { should have_selector('h1',    text: 'Sign up') }
    it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') }
  end

  describe "profile page" do
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
    let!(:m1) { FactoryGirl.create(:micropost, user: user, content: "Foo") }
    let!(:m2) { FactoryGirl.create(:micropost, user: user, content: "Bar") }   

    before { visit user_path(user) }

    it { should have_selector('h1',    text: user.name) }
    it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
  end  

  describe "microposts" do
      it { should have_content(m1.content) }
      it { should have_content(m2.content) }
      it { should have_content(user.microposts.count) }
    end

  describe "signup" do

    before { visit signup_path }

    let(:submit) { "Create my account" }

    describe "with invalid information" do
      it "should not create a user" do
        expect { click_button submit }.not_to change(User, :count)
      end

      describe "after submission" do
        before { click_button submit }

        it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') }
        it { should have_content('error') }
      end      
    end

    describe "with valid information" do
      before { valid_signup }

      it "should create a user" do
        expect { click_button submit }.to change(User, :count).by(1)
      end

      describe "after saving the user" do
        before { click_button submit }
        let(:user) { User.find_by_email('user@example.com') }

        it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
        it { should have_success_message('Welcome') }
    it { should have_link('Sign out') }
      end
    end
  end  

  describe "edit" do
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
    before do
      sign_in user
      visit edit_user_path(user)
    end

    describe "page" do
      it { should have_selector('h1',    text: "Update your profile") }
      it { should have_selector('title', text: "Edit user") }
      it { should have_link('change', href: 'http://gravatar.com/emails') }
    end

    describe "with invalid information" do
      before { click_button "Save changes" }

      it { should have_content('error') }
    end

    describe "with valid information" do
      let(:new_name)  { "New Name" }
      let(:new_email) { "new@example.com" }
      before do
        fill_in "Name",             with: new_name
        fill_in "Email",            with: new_email
        fill_in "Password",         with: user.password
        fill_in "Confirm Password", with: user.password
        click_button "Save changes"
      end

      it { should have_selector('title', text: new_name) }
      it { should have_success_message }
      it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
      specify { user.reload.name.should  == new_name }
      specify { user.reload.email.should == new_email }
    end    
  end  
end

【问题讨论】：

你也可以发布规格吗？
哪些规范失败了？也许失败的是那些试图<%= render 'shared/error_messages' %>的人，也许你忘了包括object: f.object。
@cdesrosiers 所有与 new.html.erb、edit.html.erb 和 micropost 内容相关的规范似乎都失败了（我认为这与上面的 _micropost_form 部分有关）。谢谢。

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-3

【解决方案1】：

哇，现在我觉得自己像个傻瓜...我在user fields partial 中留下了一个额外的<%= render 'shared/error_messages' %>

希望这能帮助遇到同样问题的其他人。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

当前版本的教程，截至 2013 年 8 月，有一个警告：

（注意：如果您在 9.6 节的练习中实现了清单 9.50 和清单 9.51，您的代码会有所不同...）

...但像其他人一样问这些问题我一开始就错过了。同样，如果您在第 9.6 节中进行了练习，则不要编辑您当前的 new.html.erb 和 edit.html.erb 文件。您需要使用<%= render 'shared/error_messages', object: f.object %> 更新的唯一文件是_fields.html.erb。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

他应该更新教程以提醒我们删除额外的如上面所说的那样在用户字段部分中。这是之前的要求遗留下来的。我有同样的问题。不要以为你是个白痴，很少有人会记得这一点。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

如果您正在学习 Hartl 教程，请检查 app/views/users/_name_email_password_form.html.erb 中的 <%= render 'shared/error_messages'... 行。

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

这是正确的代码

 <% if error_messages.errors.any? %>
  <div id="error_explanation">
    <div class="alert alert-danger">
      The form contains <%= pluralize(error_messages.errors.count,     "error") %>.
    </div>
    <ul>
    <% error_messages.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>
      <li><%= msg %></li>
    <% end %>
    </ul>
  </div>
<% end %>

这是正确的做法

【讨论】：