非重复随机数生成器？

Question

我使用 Visual Basic for Applications (Excel) 创建了一个问答游戏，它通过一个案例陈述来选择问题，其中案例是数字。我让程序随机选择一个从 1 到最大问题数量的数字。使用这种方法，游戏会重复问题。

有没有办法制作随机生成数字（每次结果不同）并且不会重复一个数字多次的东西？在它完成了执行特定代码所需的所有数字之后。 （我将输入结束游戏的代码并显示他们正确和错误的问题数量）

我想到了几种不同的方法来做到这一点，但是我什至无法开始思考语法可能是什么。

Answer 1

听起来您需要一个 Array Shuffler！

查看以下链接 - http://www.cpearson.com/excel/ShuffleArray.aspx

Function ShuffleArray(InArray() As Variant) As Variant()
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' ShuffleArray
' This function returns the values of InArray in random order. The original
' InArray is not modified.
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    Dim N As Long
    Dim Temp As Variant
    Dim J As Long
    Dim Arr() As Variant


    Randomize
    L = UBound(InArray) - LBound(InArray) + 1
    ReDim Arr(LBound(InArray) To UBound(InArray))
    For N = LBound(InArray) To UBound(InArray)
        Arr(N) = InArray(N)
    Next N
    For N = LBound(InArray) To UBound(InArray)
        J = CLng(((UBound(InArray) - N) * Rnd) + N)
        Temp = InArray(N)
        InArray(N) = InArray(J)
        InArray(J) = Temp
    Next N
    ShuffleArray = Arr
End Function

Sub ShuffleArrayInPlace(InArray() As Variant)
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' ShuffleArrayInPlace
' This shuffles InArray to random order, randomized in place.
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    Dim N As Long
    Dim Temp As Variant
    Dim J As Long

    Randomize
    For N = LBound(InArray) To UBound(InArray)
        J = CLng(((UBound(InArray) - N) * Rnd) + N)
        If N <> J Then
            Temp = InArray(N)
            InArray(N) = InArray(J)
            InArray(J) = Temp
        End If
    Next N
End Sub

Answer 2

这里还有一个例子。它生成一个唯一的随机长数组。 在此示例中，我使用 1 到 100。它通过使用集合对象来实现。然后，您可以对 qArray 中的每个数组元素进行正常循环，而无需多次随机化。

Sub test()
Dim qArray() As Long
ReDim qArray(1 To 100)

qArray() = RandomQuestionArray
'loop through your questions

End Sub

Function RandomQuestionArray()  
Dim i As Long, n As Long
Dim numArray(1 To 100) As Long
Dim numCollection As New Collection

With numCollection
    For i = 1 To 100
        .Add i
    Next
    For i = 1 To 100
        n = Rnd * (.Count - 1) + 1
        numArray(i) = numCollection(n)
        .Remove n
    Next
End With

RandomQuestionArray = numArray()

End Function

Answer 3

我看到你有答案，我正在处理这个问题，但失去了我的互联网连接。无论如何，这是另一种方法。

'// Builds a question bank (make it a hidden sheet)
Sub ResetQuestions()
    Const lTotalQuestions As Long = 300 '// Total number of questions.

    With Range("A1")
        .Value = 1
        .AutoFill Destination:=Range("A1").Resize(lTotalQuestions), Type:=xlFillSeries
    End With

End Sub
'// Gets a random question number and removes it from the bank
Function GetQuestionNumber()
    Dim lCount As Long   

    lCount = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row      

    GetQuestionNumber = Cells(Int(lCount * Rnd + 1), 1).Value

    Cells(lRandom, 1).Delete
End Function

Sub Test()

    Msgbox (GetQuestionNumber)

End Sub

Answer 4

无论这里有什么价值，都是我对这个问题的抨击。这个使用布尔函数而不是数值数组。它非常简单但非常快。我并不是说它的优点是完美的，它是一个有效的解决长期数字的方法，因为你只检查你已经选择和保存的数字，不需要一个潜在的大数组来保存这些值你已经拒绝了，所以它不会因为数组的大小而导致内存问题。

Sub UniqueRandomGenerator()
Dim N As Long, MaxNum As Long, MinNum As Long, Rand As Long, i As Long

MinNum = 1        'Put the input of minimum number here
MaxNum = 100      'Put the input of maximum number here
N = MaxNum - MinNum + 1

ReDim Unique(1 To N, 1 To 1)

For i = 1 To N
Randomize         'I put this inside the loop to make sure of generating "good" random numbers
    Do
        Rand = Int(MinNum + N * Rnd)
        If IsUnique(Rand, Unique) Then Unique(i, 1) = Rand:  Exit Do
    Loop
Next
Sheet1.[A1].Resize(N) = Unique
End Sub

Function IsUnique(Num As Long, Data As Variant) As Boolean
Dim iFind As Long

On Error GoTo Unique
iFind = Application.WorksheetFunction.Match(Num, Data, 0)

If iFind > 0 Then IsUnique = False: Exit Function

Unique:
    IsUnique = True
End Function