通过将参数传递给定义来缩短 GUI 代码 [重复]

Question

我一直在编写 wxpython 中的 GUI 代码，它或多或少地重复相同的信息 4 次。屏幕上有很多按钮我必须将事件绑定到，我发现我有很多看起来几乎相同的 on_button_click 定义。所以，我想知道是否有办法在将按钮绑定到事件并删除 3 个定义时只传递一个参数。这是一个例子：

self.VDBenchSlot1 = wx.Button(self, -1, "Slot 1 VDBench")
sizer.Add(self.VDBenchSlot1,(1, 5), (1, 5), wx.EXPAND)
self.VDBenchSlot1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.VDBenchSlot1_clicked)

self.VDBenchSlot2 = wx.Button(self, -1, "Slot 2 VDBench")
sizer.Add(self.VDBenchSlot2,(1, 5), (1, 5), wx.EXPAND)
self.VDBenchSlot2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.VDBenchSlot2_clicked)

self.VDBenchSlot3 = wx.Button(self, -1, "Slot 3 VDBench")
sizer.Add(self.VDBenchSlot3,(1, 5), (1, 5), wx.EXPAND)
self.VDBenchSlot3.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.VDBenchSlot3_clicked)

self.VDBenchSlot4 = wx.Button(self, -1, "Slot 4 VDBench")
sizer.Add(self.VDBenchSlot4,(1, 5), (1, 5), wx.EXPAND)
self.VDBenchSlot4.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.VDBenchSlot4_clicked)

def VDBenchSlot1_clicked(self, event):       
    global diskchange
    if diskchange[1] == 'No Disk':
        self.TextSlot1.AppendText("No Disk is currently in the slot so you cannot run this! \n")
    else:  
        # Open the file startDisk#VD.sh that has the setup to start running VDBench
        os.system("echo pcieRocks | sudo -S gnome-terminal --profile=VDbench --working-directory=/home/pciedev3ubuntu/Documents -e './vdbench -f disk%dVDscript.txt -vr' &" %diskchange[1])

def VDBenchSlot2_clicked(self, event):
    global diskchange

    if diskchange[2] == 'No Disk':
        self.TextSlot2.AppendText("No Disk is currently in the slot so you cannot run this! \n")
    else:   
        # Open the file startDisk#VD.sh that has the setup to start running VDBench
        os.system("echo pcieRocks | sudo -S gnome-terminal --profile=VDbench --working-directory=/home/pciedev3ubuntu/Documents -e './vdbench -f disk%dVDscript.txt -vr' &" %diskchange[2])

def VDBenchSlot3_clicked(self, event):
    global diskchange

    if diskchange[3] == 'No Disk':
        self.TextSlot3.AppendText("No Disk is currently in the slot so you cannot run this! \n") 
    else:   
        # Open the file startDisk#VD.sh that has the setup to start running VDBench
        os.system("echo pcieRocks | sudo -S gnome-terminal --profile=VDbench --working-directory=/home/pciedev3ubuntu/Documents -e './vdbench -f disk%dVDscript.txt -vr' &" %diskchange[3])

def VDBenchSlot4_clicked(self, event):
    global diskchange

    if diskchange[4] == 'No Disk':
        self.TextSlot4.AppendText("No Disk is currently in the slot so you cannot run this! \n")
    else:   
        # Open the file startDisk#VD.sh that has the setup to start running VDBench
        os.system("echo pcieRocks | sudo -S gnome-terminal --profile=VDbench --working-directory=/home/pciedev3ubuntu/Documents -e './vdbench -f disk%dVDscript.txt -vr' &" %diskchange[4])

我尝试将 VDBenchslotx_clicked 更改为 VDBenchslotx_clicked() 并将参数传递给它，但是发生了两种情况之一；它告诉我输入的参数与 def 的参数不匹配，或者它让我的程序运行但它在程序启动时而不是在按下按钮时自动执行 def，然后按钮无法正常工作。

Answer 1

dbc（和the linked question）展示了如何实现你想要的。但这是我在上面的评论中提到的辅助函数概念的简短演示。

def make_button(text, callback):
    button = wx.Button(self, -1, text)
    sizer.Add(button, (1, 5), (1, 5), wx.EXPAND)
    button.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, callback)
    return button

self.VDBenchSlot1 = make_button("Slot 1 VDBench", self.VDBenchSlot1_clicked)
self.VDBenchSlot2 = make_button("Slot 2 VDBench", self.VDBenchSlot2_clicked)

请注意，make_button 没有在其签名中包含 self。那是因为它不是一个方法，它是一个定义在方法内部的函数。有关 GTK2+ 中完整运行的示例，请参阅this answer。

另外请注意，我的代码是基于您的原始代码，但您应该很容易适应它以使用 dbc 的新 VDBenchSlot_clicked 回调方法。

Answer 2

使用 lambda 表达式将参数传递给绑定函数。例如：

self.VDBenchSlot1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, lambda event: self.VDBenchSlot_clicked(event, 1))

def VDBenchSlot_clicked(self, event, position):   
    if position == 1:
        text_slot = self.TextSlot1
    elif position == 2:
        text_slot = self.TextSlot2
    elif position == 3:
        text_slot = self.TextSlot3
    elif position == 4:
        text_slot = self.TextSlot4    
    global diskchange
    if diskchange[position] == 'No Disk':
        text_slot.AppendText("No Disk is currently in the slot so you cannot run this! \n")
    else:  
        # Open the file startDisk#VD.sh that has the setup to start running VDBench
        os.system("echo pcieRocks | sudo -S gnome-terminal --profile=VDbench --working-directory=/home/pciedev3ubuntu/Documents -e './vdbench -f disk%dVDscript.txt -vr' &" %diskchange[position])