Python：如何创建依赖于实例中其他属性的属性

Question

我对 Python 非常陌生，第一次开始使用类和字典（也是 StackOverflow 的第一篇文章），但从未使用过实例。我成功创建了一个 Player 类，但因为我想要不同的敌人，所以我创建了一个 Enemy 类。我根据个人喜好将新行上的属性分开。

class Enemy:
    def __init__(self, name, health, maxhealth, head, torso, legs, feet, armor, weapon, damage, gold):
        self.name = name
        self.health = health
        self.maxhealth = maxhealth
        self.head = head
        self.torso = torso
        self.legs = legs
        self.feet = feet
        self.armor = armor
        self.weapon = weapon
        self.damage = damage
        self.gold = gold

skeleton = Enemy("Skeleton",
                  60,
                  60,
                  armors['leatherhelm'],
                  armors['leathertorso'],
                  armors['leatherleggings'],
                  armors['leatherboots'],
                  Enemy.head['defense']+Enemy.torso['defense']+Enemy.legs['defense']+Enemy.feet['defense'],
                  weapons['rustycutlass'],
                  1+Enemy.weapon['damage'], 
                  33)

发生错误，type object 'Enemy' has no attribute 'head'（假设 Enemy 没有 torso、legs、feet 和 weapon）。我最初尝试了self.head，然后才意识到它为什么不起作用，并且还尝试了skeleton.head。有没有办法让我使用这些相互依赖的属性？另外，我需要任何括号吗？任何帮助表示赞赏。

Answer 1

编辑：针对 OP 的评论，如何将计算属性（damage 和 armor）移动到 Enemy 类以避免强制它们进入 __init__ 调用？这样，当装甲更新和/或武器改变时，这些属性仍然是正确的。

例子：

armors = {
    "leatherhelm": {"defense": 10},
    "leathertorso": {"defense": 5},
    "leatherleggings": {"defense": 3},
    "leatherboots": {"defense": 1},
}
weapons = {
    "rustycutlass": {"damage": 6}
}

class Enemy:
    def __init__(self, name, health, maxhealth, head, torso, legs, feet, weapon, gold):
        self.name = name
        self.health = health
        self.maxhealth = maxhealth
        self.head = head
        self.torso = torso
        self.legs = legs
        self.feet = feet
        self.weapon = weapon
        self.gold = gold
    
    @property
    def armor(self):
        return self.head["defense"] + self.torso['defense'] + self.legs['defense'] + self.feet['defense']
    
    @property
    def damage(self):
        return self.weapon["damage"] + 1

skeleton = Enemy("Skeleton",
                  60,
                  60,
                  armors['leatherhelm'],
                  armors['leathertorso'],
                  armors['leatherleggings'],
                  armors['leatherboots'],
                  weapons['rustycutlass'],
                  33)

print(skeleton.damage)
print(skeleton.armor)

输出：

print(skeleton.damage)
print(skeleton.armor)