PSQL 和 Django 2 的典型“关系“auth_user”不存在”

Question

编辑：已解决

我有一个像creator = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=User.objects.first().id) 这样的行，这就是问题所在。 当我将其更改为creator = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) 时，一切又开始工作了。

谢谢。

---

我知道这是一个经常性的问题，它通过迁移解决了，但不是我的情况（我认为）。

我有一个 Django 项目（我尝试过 Django 2.0、2.1 和 2.1.1） 有一个 db.sqlite3 并且工作正常。现在，我尝试使用具有这些配置的 PostgreSQL 10 切换数据库：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql', #I've already tested with PostgreSQL_psycopg2
        'NAME': 'mydbs',
        'USER': 'niknitro',
        'PASSWORD': 'password',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}

在 pg_hba.conf 中，我添加了这一行：

host    all             all             0.0.0.0/32              trust

当我尝试执行python manage.py migrate、python manage.py makemigrations 或python manage.py runserver 时，同样的错误：

Starting myproject execution...
/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
  """)
Starting myproject execution...
/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
  """)
Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x7f4ce0070e18>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
psycopg2.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_user" does not exist
LINE 1: ...user"."is_active", "auth_user"."date_joined" FROM "auth_user...
                                                             ^


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 225, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 248, in raise_last_exception
    raise _exception[1]
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 337, in execute
    autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 225, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 112, in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 198, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/WiFiNets/models.py", line 5, in <module>
    class Wifi(models.Model):
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/WiFiNets/models.py", line 17, in Wifi
    creator = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=User.objects.first().id)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 605, in first
    for obj in (self if self.ordered else self.order_by('pk'))[:1]:
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 268, in __iter__
    self._fetch_all()
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1186, in _fetch_all
    self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 54, in __iter__
    results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1065, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 100, in execute
    return super().execute(sql, params)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 68, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 77, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "/root/PycharmProjects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_user" does not exist
LINE 1: ...user"."is_active", "auth_user"."date_joined" FROM "auth_user...

同样在 PostgreSQL.log 中，出现这一行：

2018-09-01 14:23:56.064 UTC [22027] niknitro@myproject ERROR:  relation "auth_user" does not exist at character 280
2018-09-01 14:23:56.064 UTC [22027] niknitro@myproject STATEMENT:  SELECT "auth_user"."id", "auth_user"."password", "auth_user"."last_login", "auth_user"."is_superuser", "auth_user"."username", "auth_user"."first_name", "auth_user"."last_name", "auth_user"."email", "auth_user"."is_staff", "auth_user"."is_active", "auth_user"."date_joined" FROM "auth_user" ORDER BY "auth_user"."id" ASC  LIMIT 1

我知道这个错误通常可以通过 makemigrations 和 migrate 修复，但不是这种情况。 我也尝试删除迁移，但没有成功。

这是我的要求：

amqp==2.3.2
anyjson==0.3.3
billiard==3.5.0.4
celery==4.2.1
certifi==2018.4.16
chardet==3.0.4
Django==2.1.1
django-bootstrap3==9.1.0
django-celery==3.2.2
django-forms-bootstrap==3.1.0
django-rest-framework==0.1.0
django-tables2==1.21.2
djangorestframework==3.8.2
idna==2.7
kombu==4.2.1
psycopg2==2.7.5
psycopg2-binary==2.7.5
pytz==2017.3
requests==2.19.1
urllib3==1.23
vine==1.1.4

如果需要，请让我分享更多信息。

非常感谢

Answer 1

您不能有一个涉及数据库查询的默认值。这将在第一次导入时执行，创建表的迁移将永远没有机会运行。删除默认值。