ORACLE SQL：多个分组层和中间结果

Question

在ORACLE SQL（ORACLE 19c）中，我正在寻找一种获取下表内容的方法

...类似的结构（分组）如下：

第一列数据必须按以下方式分组：

1. 部门
2. JOB_START_DATE，如果 JOB_START_DATE 介于“2021-01-01”和“2021-12-31”之间
3. JOB_DESCRIPTION(s)
4. 姓名

在第二列中，“1”代表人们在 2021 年开始工作的时间

最后，应为每个 DEPARTMENT 组输出（底部）关于在 DEPARTMENT（2021 年）内开始的人员总和的中间结果。

截取代码以生成表格数据：

 SELECT 'Zimmer, Hans'   AS NAME,
        '1978-10-01'     AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-01-31'     AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Movie Composer' AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Score'          AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Armstrong, Louis' AS NAME,
        '1988-06-01'       AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-06-30'       AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Jazz Musician'    AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Score'            AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Davis, Miles'  AS NAME,
        '2011-10-01'    AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-03-31'    AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Jazz Musician' AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Music'         AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Coltrane, John' AS NAME,
        '2015-08-01'     AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-06-30'     AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Jazz Musician'  AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Music'          AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Cobain, Kurt'  AS NAME,
        '2021-08-01'    AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2022-07-31'    AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Rock Musician' AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Music'         AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Keys, Alicia'  AS NAME,
        '2021-09-01'    AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2022-08-31'    AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Pop Musician'  AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Music'         AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Tarantino, Quentin' AS NAME,
        '2021-03-01'         AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-08-31'         AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Movie Director'     AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Film'               AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Pitt, Brad'  AS NAME,
        '1999-10-01'  AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-01-26'  AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Movie Actor' AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Film'        AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL
   
 UNION ALL
 
 SELECT 'Nolan, Christopher' AS NAME,
        '2020-05-01'         AS JOB_START_DATE,
        '2021-03-31'         AS JOB_END_DATE,
        'Movie Director'     AS JOB_DESCRIPTION,
        'Film'               AS DEPARTMENT
   FROM DUAL;

在 ORACLE SQL 中是否可以根据需要对表数据进行结构化/分组？

如果是这样，我该如何实现？

Answer 1

您似乎希望将CUBE 与条件聚合一起使用，然后对分组集进行过滤：

SELECT name,
       job_description ,
       department,
       COUNT(CASE EXTRACT(YEAR FROM job_start_date) WHEN 2021 THEN 1 END)
         AS number_of_2021_jobs
FROM   table_name
GROUP BY
       CUBE(name, job_description, department)
HAVING GROUPING_ID(name, job_description, department) IN (0, 6)
ORDER BY
       department

对于您的样本数据，输出：

NAME	JOB_DESCRIPTION	DEPARTMENT	NUMBER_OF_2021_JOBS
Nolan, Christopher	Movie Director	Film	0
Pitt, Brad	Movie Actor	Film	0
Tarantino, Quentin	Movie Director	Film	1
		Film	1
Cobain, Kurt	Rock Musician	Music	1
Coltrane, John	Jazz Musician	Music	0
Davis, Miles	Jazz Musician	Music	0
Keys, Alicia	Pop Musician	Music	1
		Music	2
Armstrong, Louis	Jazz Musician	Score	0
Zimmer, Hans	Movie Composer	Score	0
		Score	0

注意：如果您想要同一列中的值，则连接 name、job_description 和 department 列并在它们之间放置换行符。

db小提琴here