枢轴和级联空列

Question

我有一个表格，其中包含特定月份的值：

|制造商 |日期 |因素 | ----------------------------------------- | 1 | 2013-01-01 | 1 | | 2 | 2013-01-01 | 0.8 | | 2 | 2013-02-01 | 1 | | 2 | 2013-12-01 | 1.55 | | 3 | 2013-01-01 | 1 | | 3 | 2013-04-01 | 1.3 | | 3 | 2013-05-01 | 1.2 | | 3 | 2013-06-01 | 1.1 | | 3 | 2013-07-01 | 1 | | 4 | 2013-01-01 | 0.9 | | 4 | 2013-02-01 | 1 | | 4 | 2013-12-01 | 1.8 | | 5 | 2013-01-01 | 1.4 | | 5 | 2013-02-01 | 1 | | 5 | 2013-10-01 | 1.3 | | 5 | 2013-11-01 | 1.2 | | 5 | 2013-12-01 | 1.5 |

我想要做的是使用calendar 表（已定义）旋转这些：

最后，级联NULL 列以使用之前的值。

到目前为止，我得到的是一个查询，它将用mfg = 3 的最后一个值填充NULLs。每个 mfg 将始终具有一年中第一年的值。我的问题是；我如何旋转它并扩展到所有mfg？

SELECT c.[date], 
       f.[factor], 
       Isnull(f.[factor], (SELECT TOP 1 factor 
                           FROM   factors 
                           WHERE  [date] < c.[date] 
                                  AND [factor] IS NOT NULL 
                                  AND mfg = 3 
                           ORDER  BY [date] DESC)) AS xFactor 
FROM   (SELECT [date] 
        FROM   calendar 
        WHERE  Datepart(yy, [date]) = 2013 
               AND Datepart(d, [date]) = 1) c 
       LEFT JOIN (SELECT [date], 
                         [factor] 
                  FROM   factors 
                  WHERE  mfg = 3) f 
              ON f.[date] = c.[date] 

结果

|日期 |因素 | XFACTOR | --------------------------------- | 2013-01-01 | 1 | 1 | | 2013-02-01 | (空) | 1 | | 2013-03-01 | (空) | 1 | | 2013-04-01 | 1.3 | 1.3 | | 2013-05-01 | 1.2 | 1.2 | | 2013-06-01 | 1.1 | 1.1 | | 2013-07-01 | 1 | 1 | | 2013-08-01 | (空) | 1 | | 2013-09-01 | (空) | 1 | | 2013-10-01 | (空) | 1 | | 2013-11-01 | (空) | 1 | | 2013-12-01 | (空) | 1 |

SQL Fiddle

Answer 1

不知道您是否需要日历表中的动态日期，或者mfg 是否可以超过 5 个，但这应该会给您一些想法。

select *
from (
      select c.date,
             t.mfg,
             (
             select top 1 f.factor 
             from factors as f
             where f.date <= c.date and
                   f.mfg = t.mfg and
                   f.factor is not null
             order by f.date desc
             ) as factor      
      from calendar as c
        cross apply(values(1),(2),(3),(4),(5)) as t(mfg)
     ) as t
pivot (
      max(t.factor) for t.date in ([20130101], [20130201], [20130301], 
                                   [20130401], [20130501], [20130601], 
                                   [20130701], [20130801], [20130901], 
                                   [20131001], [20131101], [20131201])
      ) as P

SQL Fiddle