sql聚合和拆分[关闭]

Question

我有这张表 Table_1：

pk Column_1
1  addcd
2  swrrh
3  dggdd
4  wdffa

我想将结果合并并拆分为 4 个字母，这些字母将返回类似这样的内容

addc
dswr
rhdg
gddw
dffa

注意：剩余的字母将被丢弃

我尝试使用string_agg，但我不知道下一步该做什么。

Answer 1

这使用STRING_AGG 将字符串聚合成一个长字符串，然后使用一个 Tally 表拆分成新的行。 假设您有一个列可供订购。如果你不这样做，你就无法实现你所追求的，因为表中的数据存储在一个无序堆中。

CREATE TABLE dbo.YourTable (YourID int IDENTITY,
                            Yourcolumn varchar(5));

INSERT INTO dbo.YourTable (Yourcolumn)
VALUES('addcd'),
      ('swrrh'),
      ('dggdd'),
      ('wdffa');
GO

WITH N AS(
    SELECT N
    FROM (VALUES(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL))N(N)),
Tally AS( 
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))-1 AS I
    FROM N N1, N N2, N N3, N N4), --This is likely over kill here, but I've assumed you'll have a much larger data set
Agg AS(
    SELECT STRING_AGG(YT.YourColumn,'') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY YT.YourID)   AS YourString
    FROM dbo.YourTable YT)
SELECT SUBSTRING(A.YourString,(I*4)+1,4)
FROM Tally T
     CROSS JOIN Agg A
WHERE SUBSTRING(A.YourString,(I*4)+1,4) <> '';
GO

DROP TABLE dbo.YourTable;

db<>fiddle

Answer 2

此解决方案适用于旧版本的 SQL Server。 Larnu 的回答在最近的版本中是正确的。

让我们使用递归 CTE。这个想法是创建一根大绳子，然后将其切成碎片。多么有趣！

with tt as (
      select t.*, row_number() over (order by pk) as seqnum
      from t
     ),
     bigstring as (
      select convert(varchar(max), column_1) as bigstring, seqnum
      from tt
      union all
      select concat(bigstring.bigstring, tt.column_1), tt.seqnum
      from bigstring join
           tt
           on tt.seqnum = bigstring.seqnum + 1
     ),
     string4 as (
      select top (1) left(bigstring, 4) as string4, stuff(bigstring, 1, 4, '') as rest4, 1 as lev
      from bigstring
      order by len(bigstring.bigstring) desc
      union all
      select left(rest4, 4), stuff(rest4, 1, 4, ''), lev + 1
      from string4
      where rest4 > ''
     )
select string4.string4
from string4
order by lev;

一个查询中有两个递归 CTE！

Here 是一个 dbfiddle。