在企业 iOS 应用程序中使用来自 .mobileconfig 的客户端 SSL 证书

Question

我们正在尝试在企业 iOS 应用中使用客户端 SSL 证书进行用户身份验证。

• 我们可以在服务器端生成客户端ssl证书
• 用户可以通过 .mobileconfig 安装它
• Safari 中的 Web 服务器身份验证使用已安装的证书。
• 从 iOS 应用程序内部发出 http 请求失败（未使用证书）。

我们如何让它发挥作用？谢谢！

Answer 1

概述：

您已在设备钥匙串上安装了客户端 SSL 证书。

Safari.app 和 Mail.app 可以访问此钥匙串，而 iOS 应用没有。

原因是我们开发的应用是沙盒的，在非越狱设备上没有任何访问权限。

由于 safari 可以访问它，因此它可以毫无问题地连接和验证服务器质询。

解决方案：

将导出的 P12 文件包含在 App bundle 中，并参考它以找到服务器正在寻找的正确客户端证书。这实际上是一种解决方法。硬编码是获取 P12 文件的可靠方法。

实施：

有问题的方法是willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge in NSURLConenction delegate。您需要考虑NSURLAuthenticationMethodClientCertificate 质询类型才能处理服务器质询。这就是我们实现从嵌入式 P12 文件中提取正确证书身份的魔术的地方。代码如下

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge {
    if ([challenge previousFailureCount] > 0) {
       //this will cause an authentication failure
       [[challenge sender] cancelAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
       NSLog(@"Bad Username Or Password");        
       return;
    }



     //this is checking the server certificate
        if ([challenge.protectionSpace.authenticationMethod isEqualToString:NSURLAuthenticationMethodServerTrust]) {
            SecTrustResultType result;
            //This takes the serverTrust object and checkes it against your keychain
            SecTrustEvaluate(challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust, &result);

            //if we want to ignore invalid server for certificates, we just accept the server
            if (kSPAllowInvalidServerCertificates) {
                [challenge.sender useCredential:[NSURLCredential credentialForTrust: challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust] forAuthenticationChallenge: challenge];
                return;
            } else if(result == kSecTrustResultProceed || result == kSecTrustResultConfirm ||  result == kSecTrustResultUnspecified) {
                //When testing this against a trusted server I got kSecTrustResultUnspecified every time. But the other two match the description of a trusted server
                [challenge.sender useCredential:[NSURLCredential credentialForTrust: challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust] forAuthenticationChallenge: challenge];
                return;
            }
        } else if ([[challenge protectionSpace] authenticationMethod] == NSURLAuthenticationMethodClientCertificate) {
        //this handles authenticating the client certificate

       /* 
 What we need to do here is get the certificate and an an identity so we can do this:
   NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithIdentity:identity certificates:myCerts persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistencePermanent];
   [[challenge sender] useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];

   It's easy to load the certificate using the code in -installCertificate
   It's more difficult to get the identity.
   We can get it from a .p12 file, but you need a passphrase:
   */

   NSString *p12Path = [[BundleManager bundleForCurrentSkin] pathForResource:kP12FileName ofType:@"p12"];
   NSData *p12Data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:p12Path];

   CFStringRef password = CFSTR("PASSWORD");
   const void *keys[] = { kSecImportExportPassphrase };
   const void *values[] = { password };
   CFDictionaryRef optionsDictionary = CFDictionaryCreate(NULL, keys, values, 1, NULL, NULL);
   CFArrayRef p12Items;

   OSStatus result = SecPKCS12Import((CFDataRef)p12Data, optionsDictionary, &p12Items);

   if(result == noErr) {
             CFDictionaryRef identityDict = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(p12Items, 0);
             SecIdentityRef identityApp =(SecIdentityRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(identityDict,kSecImportItemIdentity);

             SecCertificateRef certRef;
             SecIdentityCopyCertificate(identityApp, &certRef);

             SecCertificateRef certArray[1] = { certRef };
             CFArrayRef myCerts = CFArrayCreate(NULL, (void *)certArray, 1, NULL);
             CFRelease(certRef);

             NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithIdentity:identityApp certificates:(NSArray *)myCerts persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistencePermanent];
             CFRelease(myCerts);

             [[challenge sender] useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
         }
    } else if ([[challenge protectionSpace] authenticationMethod] == NSURLAuthenticationMethodDefault || [[challenge protectionSpace] authenticationMethod] == NSURLAuthenticationMethodNTLM) {
   // For normal authentication based on username and password. This could be NTLM or Default.

        DAVCredentials *cred = _parentSession.credentials;
        NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:cred.username password:cred.password persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];
    [[challenge sender] useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
    } else {
        //If everything fails, we cancel the challenge.
        [[challenge sender] cancelAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
    }
}

参考： Ref1、Ref2、Ref3

希望对你有帮助

Answer 2

我创建了一个包来使用 TLS 套接字/iOS/Obj-C。我将它连接到节点服务器，但它可能与其他人一起使用。更重要的是，鉴于最近的 iOS 13 TLS 限制，我有关于正确创建证书的重要资源的链接。我希望它可以有所帮助：

https://github.com/eamonwhiter73/IOSObjCWebSockets/tree/master