使用 packer virtualbox vagrant 模板安装 puppet5 代理答案

【问题标题】：install puppet5 agent with packer virtualbox vagrant template使用 packer virtualbox vagrant 模板安装 puppet5 代理
【发布时间】：2018-10-17 07:48:39
【问题描述】：

当我创建一个 vagrant virtualbox packer box 时，我有一个非常奇怪的行为。我正在使用带有 vagrant 的盒子来测试我的 puppet 模块，然后再将它们部署到生产环境中。我想在 ubuntu-16.04 上为 puppet5 服务器使用 puppet-agent。 PACKER_LOG=1 packer build ubuntu-16.04.json 的输出可以在下面的日志文件中看到，但是当我登录到 vagrant box 时，我只有 puppet 3.8.x 和 puppet-common 并且没有 puppet-agent 的踪迹。

我移除了旧盒子，创建了一个新的 vagrant 以确保我使用的是当前盒子，但不幸的是我无法解决这个问题。

所以我要么在盒子里做apt-get update && apt-get install puppet-agent，要么用 vagrant 和 shell 配置器安装它，但我想用打包器来管理它。

这里是日志输出的相关部分：

==> virtualbox-iso: Provisioning with shell script: scripts/puppet.sh
2018/05/07 05:59:27 ui: ==> virtualbox-iso: Provisioning with shell script: scripts/puppet.sh
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 Opening scripts/puppet.sh for reading
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [INFO] 181 bytes written for 'uploadData'
2018/05/07 05:59:27 [INFO] 181 bytes written for 'uploadData'
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] Opening new ssh session
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] Starting remote scp process:  scp -vt /tmp
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] Started SCP session, beginning transfers...
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] scp: Uploading script_8159.sh: perms=C0644 size=181
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] SCP session complete, closing stdin pipe.
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] Waiting for SSH session to complete.
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] scp stderr (length 31): Sink: C0644 181 script_8159.sh
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] Opening new ssh session
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] starting remote command: chmod 0755 /tmp/script_8159.sh
2018/05/07 05:59:27 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 05:59:27 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] Opening new ssh session
2018/05/07 05:59:27 packer: 2018/05/07 05:59:27 [DEBUG] starting remote command: echo 'vagrant' | PACKER_BUILDER_TYPE='virtualbox-iso' PACKER_BUILD_NAME='virtualbox-iso' PACKER_HTTP_ADDR='10.0.2.2:8421'  sudo -E -S bash '/tmp/script_8159.sh'
2018/05/07 05:59:27 ui:     virtualbox-iso: --2018-05-07 05:59:27--  https://apt.puppetlabs.com/puppet5-release-xenial.deb
    virtualbox-iso: --2018-05-07 05:59:27--  https://apt.puppetlabs.com/puppet5-release-xenial.deb
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Resolving apt.puppetlabs.com (apt.puppetlabs.com)... 52.85.173.69, 52.85.173.15, 52.85.173.19, ...
    virtualbox-iso: Resolving apt.puppetlabs.com (apt.puppetlabs.com)... 52.85.173.69, 52.85.173.15, 52.85.173.19, ...
    virtualbox-iso: Connecting to apt.puppetlabs.com (apt.puppetlabs.com)|52.85.173.69|:443... connected.
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Connecting to apt.puppetlabs.com (apt.puppetlabs.com)|52.85.173.69|:443... connected.
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
    virtualbox-iso: HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
    virtualbox-iso: Length: 6850 (6.7K) [application/x-debian-package]
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Length: 6850 (6.7K) [application/x-debian-package]
    virtualbox-iso: Saving to: ‘puppet5-release-xenial.deb’
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Saving to: ‘puppet5-release-xenial.deb’
    virtualbox-iso:
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso:
    virtualbox-iso:      0K ......                                                100% 29.0M=0s
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso:      0K ......                                                100% 29.0M=0s
    virtualbox-iso:
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso:
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: 2018-05-07 05:59:28 (29.0 MB/s) - ‘puppet5-release-xenial.deb’ saved [6850/6850]
    virtualbox-iso: 2018-05-07 05:59:28 (29.0 MB/s) - ‘puppet5-release-xenial.deb’ saved [6850/6850]
    virtualbox-iso:
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso:
    virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package puppet5-release.
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package puppet5-release.
    virtualbox-iso: (Reading database ... 64089 files and directories currently installed.)
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: (Reading database ... 64089 files and directories currently installed.)
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack puppet5-release-xenial.deb ...
    virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack puppet5-release-xenial.deb ...
    virtualbox-iso: Unpacking puppet5-release (5.0.0-1xenial) ...
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Unpacking puppet5-release (5.0.0-1xenial) ...
2018/05/07 05:59:28 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Setting up puppet5-release (5.0.0-1xenial) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Setting up puppet5-release (5.0.0-1xenial) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Ign:1 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial InRelease
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Ign:1 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial InRelease
    virtualbox-iso: Get:2 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial Release [57.5 kB]
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Get:2 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial Release [57.5 kB]
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease
    virtualbox-iso: Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Hit:4 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
    virtualbox-iso: Hit:4 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
    virtualbox-iso: Get:5 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial Release.gpg [836 B]
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Get:5 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial Release.gpg [836 B]
    virtualbox-iso: Hit:6 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Hit:6 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
2018/05/07 05:59:29 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Hit:7 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
    virtualbox-iso: Hit:7 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
    virtualbox-iso: Get:8 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 amd64 Packages [15.5 kB]
2018/05/07 05:59:30 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Get:8 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 amd64 Packages [15.5 kB]
    virtualbox-iso: Get:9 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 i386 Packages [13.4 kB]
2018/05/07 05:59:30 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Get:9 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 i386 Packages [13.4 kB]
    virtualbox-iso: Get:10 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 all Packages [7,432 B]
2018/05/07 05:59:30 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Get:10 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 all Packages [7,432 B]
2018/05/07 05:59:31 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Fetched 94.6 kB in 1s (51.7 kB/s)
    virtualbox-iso: Fetched 94.6 kB in 1s (51.7 kB/s)
2018/05/07 05:59:33 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Reading package lists...
    virtualbox-iso: Reading package lists...
    virtualbox-iso: Reading package lists...
2018/05/07 05:59:34 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Reading package lists...
2018/05/07 05:59:34 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Building dependency tree...
    virtualbox-iso: Building dependency tree...
2018/05/07 05:59:34 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Reading state information...
    virtualbox-iso: Reading state information...
2018/05/07 05:59:34 ui:     virtualbox-iso: The following NEW packages will be installed:
    virtualbox-iso: The following NEW packages will be installed:
2018/05/07 05:59:34 ui:     virtualbox-iso:   puppet-agent
    virtualbox-iso:   puppet-agent
2018/05/07 05:59:35 ui:     virtualbox-iso: 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 44 not upgraded.
    virtualbox-iso: 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 44 not upgraded.
2018/05/07 05:59:35 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Need to get 17.2 MB of archives.
    virtualbox-iso: Need to get 17.2 MB of archives.
2018/05/07 05:59:35 ui:     virtualbox-iso: After this operation, 96.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
    virtualbox-iso: After this operation, 96.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
2018/05/07 05:59:35 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Get:1 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 amd64 puppet-agent amd64 5.5.1-1xenial [17.2 MB]
    virtualbox-iso: Get:1 http://apt.puppetlabs.com xenial/puppet5 amd64 puppet-agent amd64 5.5.1-1xenial [17.2 MB]
    virtualbox-iso: debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: debconf: (Dialog frontend will not work on a dumb terminal, an emacs shell buffer, or without a controlling terminal.)
    virtualbox-iso: debconf: (Dialog frontend will not work on a dumb terminal, an emacs shell buffer, or without a controlling terminal.)
    virtualbox-iso: debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
    virtualbox-iso: debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
    virtualbox-iso: debconf: (This frontend requires a controlling tty.)
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: debconf: (This frontend requires a controlling tty.)
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
    virtualbox-iso: debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
2018/05/07 05:59:42 ui:     virtualbox-iso: dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin:
    virtualbox-iso: dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin:
2018/05/07 05:59:43 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Fetched 17.2 MB in 7s (2,295 kB/s)
    virtualbox-iso: Fetched 17.2 MB in 7s (2,295 kB/s)
2018/05/07 05:59:43 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package puppet-agent.
    virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package puppet-agent.
2018/05/07 05:59:43 ui:     virtualbox-iso: (Reading database ... 64094 files and directories currently installed.)
    virtualbox-iso: (Reading database ... 64094 files and directories currently installed.)
2018/05/07 05:59:43 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../puppet-agent_5.5.1-1xenial_amd64.deb ...
    virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../puppet-agent_5.5.1-1xenial_amd64.deb ...
2018/05/07 05:59:43 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Unpacking puppet-agent (5.5.1-1xenial) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Unpacking puppet-agent (5.5.1-1xenial) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
2018/05/07 06:00:19 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Setting up puppet-agent (5.5.1-1xenial) ...
2018/05/07 06:00:19 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Setting up puppet-agent (5.5.1-1xenial) ...
2018/05/07 06:00:20 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/puppet.service to /lib/systemd/system/puppet.service.
    virtualbox-iso: Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/puppet.service to /lib/systemd/system/puppet.service.
    virtualbox-iso: Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mcollective.service to /lib/systemd/system/mcollective.service.
2018/05/07 06:00:20 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mcollective.service to /lib/systemd/system/mcollective.service.
    virtualbox-iso: Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/pxp-agent.service to /lib/systemd/system/pxp-agent.service.
2018/05/07 06:00:20 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/pxp-agent.service to /lib/systemd/system/pxp-agent.service.
2018/05/07 06:00:21 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/pxp-agent.service.
    virtualbox-iso: Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/pxp-agent.service.
2018/05/07 06:00:21 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
    virtualbox-iso: Reading package lists...
2018/05/07 06:00:22 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Reading package lists...
    virtualbox-iso: Building dependency tree...
2018/05/07 06:00:22 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Building dependency tree...
2018/05/07 06:00:22 ui:     virtualbox-iso: Reading state information...
    virtualbox-iso: Reading state information...
    virtualbox-iso: 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 44 not upgraded.
2018/05/07 06:00:22 ui:     virtualbox-iso: 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 44 not upgraded.
2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] 2950 bytes written for 'stdout'
2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] 971 bytes written for 'stderr'
2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:22 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:22 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] 2950 bytes written for 'stdout'
2018/05/07 06:00:22 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] 971 bytes written for 'stderr'
2018/05/07 06:00:22 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:22 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:22 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:22 [DEBUG] Opening new ssh session
2018/05/07 06:00:22 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:22 [DEBUG] starting remote command: rm -f /tmp/script_8159.sh
2018/05/07 06:00:23 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:23 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:23 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:23 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2018/05/07 06:00:23 packer: 2018/05/07 06:00:23 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
==> virtualbox-iso: Provisioning with shell script: scripts/cleanup.sh

这是我的 json 文件：

{
    "variables": {
        "vm_name": "ubuntu-16.04",
        "disk_size": "40960",
        "http_directory": "http",
        "hostname": "vagrant",
        "ssh_fullname": "vagrant",
        "ssh_username": "vagrant",
        "ssh_password": "vagrant",
        "ssh_wait_timeout": "10000s",
        "iso_url": "http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/ubuntu-16.04.4-server-amd64.iso",
        "iso_checksum_url": "http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/SHA256SUMS",
        "iso_checksum_type": "sha256",
        "preseed" : "preseed.cfg"
    },

    "builders": [{
        "type": "virtualbox-iso",
        "headless": true,
        "boot_wait": "10s",
        "disk_size": "{{user `disk_size`}}",
        "http_directory": "http",
        "guest_os_type": "Ubuntu_64",
        "iso_url": "{{user `iso_url`}}",
        "iso_checksum_url": "{{user `iso_checksum_url`}}",
        "iso_checksum_type": "{{user `iso_checksum_type`}}",
        "ssh_username": "{{user `ssh_username`}}",
        "ssh_password": "{{user `ssh_password`}}",
        "ssh_wait_timeout": "{{user `ssh_wait_timeout`}}",
        "shutdown_command": "echo '{{user `ssh_password`}}' | sudo -S shutdown -P now",
        "guest_additions_path": "VBoxGuestAdditions_{{.Version}}.iso",
        "virtualbox_version_file": ".vbox_version",
        "vboxmanage": [
            [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--cpus", "2" ],
            [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--memory", "1024" ],
            [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--nictype1", "virtio" ],
            [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--natdnsproxy1", "on" ],
            [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--natdnshostresolver1", "on" ]
        ],
       "boot_command": [
            "<enter><wait>",
            "<f6><esc>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs><bs>",
            "<bs><bs><bs>",
            "/install/vmlinuz noapic ",
            "initrd=/install/initrd.gz ",
            "auto preseed/url=http://{{.HTTPIP}}:{{.HTTPPort}}/preseed.cfg ",
            "auto-install/enable=true ",
            "debconf/frontend=noninteractive<wait> ",
            "debian-installer={{ user `locale` }} auto locale={{ user `locale` }} kbd-chooser/method=de ",
            "fb=false debconf/frontend=noninteractive ",
            "console-setup/ask_detect=false ",
            "keyboard-configuration/modelcode=pc105 ",
            "keyboard-configuration/layout=DE ",
            "keyboard-configuration/variant=DE ",
            "hostname={{user `hostname`}} ",
            "passwd/user-fullname={{ user `ssh_fullname` }} ",
            "passwd/user-password={{ user `ssh_password` }} ",
            "passwd/user-password-again={{ user `ssh_password` }} ",
            "passwd/username={{ user `ssh_username` }} ",
            "-- <wait>",
            "<enter>"
        ]

    }],

    "provisioners": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "pause_before": "30s",
            "execute_command": "echo '{{ user `ssh_password` }}' | {{.Vars}} sudo -E -S bash '{{.Path}}'",
            "scripts": [
                "scripts/network.sh",
                "scripts/config.sh",
                "scripts/vagrant.sh",
                "scripts/virtualbox.sh",
                "scripts/puppet.sh",
                "scripts/cleanup.sh"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "post-processors": [
        {
            "type": "vagrant",
            "override": {
                "virtualbox": {
                    "output": "ubuntu-16-04-vagrant-vbox.box"
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

这就是我使用scripts/puppet.sh 安装puppet-agent 的方式：

#!/bin/bash -eux

wget https://apt.puppetlabs.com/puppet5-release-xenial.deb
dpkg -i puppet5-release-xenial.deb
apt-get update
apt-get install puppet-agent -y
gem install r10k

如果您需要其他脚本的内容和preseed.cfg 文件，我也会发布它们。感谢您的帮助。

【问题讨论】：

packer 模板、virtualbox builder 输出和 puppet 安装脚本对我来说都很好，所以我的猜测是在 @987654332 的 puppet 之前安装了一个较旧的 puppet @ 在你的路径中。当您登录到您的后置备的 vagrant box 时，/opt/puppetlabs/bin 中是否安装了 puppet 5.5.1？此外，看起来gem install r10k 在打包程序构建期间没有发生。这是真的吗？
@MattSchuchard 我最近添加了gem install r10k，并且安装了r10k也有相同的输出。在后置备框中，/opt/puppetlabs/bin 中没有 puppet5。我想知道为什么？我还做了一个vagrant up --no-provision来检查加壳程序是否删除了安装后记一些方法或流浪供应商。但同样的问题，没有安装 puppet5。
@MattSchuchard 如果你愿意，我也可以将所有其他脚本的内容发布到 Vagrantfile 中。
现在我删除了除 puppet.sh 之外的所有其他脚本配置程序，结果相同，安装了 r10k，否则我安装了以下软件包：puppet、puppet-common、puppet5-release、@ 987654343@，ruby-semantic-puppet。并且没有puppet-agent 的踪迹！我不明白！
现在我只保留apt-get install puppet-agent -y，结果相同。我希望有人可以提供帮助。

标签： vagrant virtualbox puppet packer

【解决方案1】：

对于任何有类似问题的人来说，解决方案都很简单，我不知道为什么我一开始没有考虑过。步骤：

#vagrant box list

这将列出所有 vagrant 正在使用的盒子，根据我的经验，vagrant 总是第一个，除非你指定它应该使用的盒子。然后，您可以使用以下命令删除所有或不需要的框：

#vagrant box remove <box>

感谢@Matt 对此进行调查。

干杯

【讨论】：