Django - PUT/DELETE 请求中存储的参数在哪里？

Question

我想为我的新 django 项目遵循 RESTful 模式，并且我想知道在发出 PUT/DELETE 请求时参数在哪里。

据我所知，我只在请求中看到 GET 和 POST QueryDict，没有其​​他的。 Django 是否为请求添加了新的 PUT 或 DELETE QueryDict，还是将参数添加到 GET 或 POST QueryDict ？

感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

我正在使用 django v1.5。而我主要使用QueryDict来解决问题：

from django.http import QueryDict
put = QueryDict(request.body)
description = put.get('description')

在 *.coffee 中

$.ajax
      url: "/policy/#{policyId}/description/"
      type: "PUT"
      data:
        description: value
      success: (data) ->
        alert data.body
      fail: (data) ->
        alert "fail"

您可以去here 查找更多信息。我希望这可以帮助你。祝你好运:)

Answer 2

我假设您要问的是您是否可以使用这样的方法：

def restaction(request, id):
    if request.method == "PUT":
        someparam = request.PUT["somekey"]

答案是否定的，你不能。 Django 不会为 PUT、OPTIONS 和 DELETE 请求构建这样的字典，原因正在解释 here。

总结一下，REST 的概念是，您交换的数据可能比简单的键值映射复杂得多。例如，放置图像，或使用 json。框架无法知道您可能想要发送数据的多种方式，因此它做了显而易见的事情 - 让您处理那一点。另请参阅this question 的答案，其中给出了相同的响应。

现在，您在哪里找到数据？好吧，根据docs，django 1.2 的功能request.raw_post_data。作为提醒，it looks like django 1.3 will support request.read() 即类似文件的语义。

Answer 3

Ninefiger 的回答是正确的。但是，有一些解决方法。

如果您正在为 Django 项目编写 REST 风格的 API，我强烈建议您使用 tastypie。您将为自己节省大量时间，并保证您的 API 采用更结构化的形式。您还可以查看 sweetpie 是如何做到的（访问 PUT 和 DELETE 数据）。

Answer 4

我无法解决如何解析来自request 的multipart/form-data 的问题。 QueryDict(request.body) 没有帮助我。

所以，我找到了适合我的解决方案。我开始使用这个：

from django.http.multipartparser import MultiPartParser

您可以从request 获取数据，例如：

MultiPartParser(request.META, request, request.upload_handlers).parse()

Answer 5

您可以在django-piston's code 中查看为 PUT 方法获取 QueryDict 的示例（请参阅 coerce_put_post 方法）

Answer 6

我的方法是重写调度函数，这样我就可以使用 QueryDict() 从正文数据中设置一个变量

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.http import QueryDict
from django.views.generic import View


class GenericView(View):

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
            handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed)

            # if we have a request with potential body data utilize QueryDict()
            if request.method.lower() in ['post', 'put', 'patch']:
                self.request_body_data = {k: v[0] if len(v)==1 else v for k, v in QueryDict(request.body).lists()}
        else:
            handler = self.http_method_not_allowed
        return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)


class ObjectDetailView(LoginRequiredMixin, GenericView):

    def put(self, request, object_id):
        print("updating object", object_id)
        print(self.request_body_data)

    def patch(self, request, object_id):
        print("updating object", object_id)
        print(self.request_body_data)

Answer 7

Django 无法轻松访问PUT 请求正文中的参数。我的解决方法：

def coerce_put_post(request):
"""
Django doesn't particularly understand REST.
In case we send data over PUT, Django won't
actually look at the data and load it. We need
to twist its arm here.

The try/except abominiation here is due to a bug
in mod_python. This should fix it.
"""
if request.method == "PUT":
    # Bug fix: if _load_post_and_files has already been called, for
    # example by middleware accessing request.POST, the below code to
    # pretend the request is a POST instead of a PUT will be too late
    # to make a difference. Also calling _load_post_and_files will result 
    # in the following exception:
    #   AttributeError: You cannot set the upload handlers after the upload has been processed.
    # The fix is to check for the presence of the _post field which is set 
    # the first time _load_post_and_files is called (both by wsgi.py and 
    # modpython.py). If it's set, the request has to be 'reset' to redo
    # the query value parsing in POST mode.
    if hasattr(request, '_post'):
        del request._post
        del request._files
    
    try:
        request.method = "POST"
        request._load_post_and_files()
        #body = request.body
        request.method = "PUT"
    except AttributeError:
        request.META['REQUEST_METHOD'] = 'POST'
        request._load_post_and_files()
        request.META['REQUEST_METHOD'] = 'PUT'
        
    request.PUT = request.POST


@api_view(["PUT", "POST"])
def submit(request):
    coerce_put_post(request)
    description=request.PUT.get('k', 0)
    return HttpResponse(f"Received {description}")

Answer 8

只要参数在 URL 中，仍然可以使用self.request.GET 获取 PUT 和 DELETE 方法的参数。

例如

DELETE /api/comment/?comment_id=40 HTTP/1.1

在 APIView 中你可以这样做：

class CommentAPIView(APIView):

    # ... ...

    def delete(self, request):
        user = request.user.id
        comment_id = self.request.GET['comment_id']
        try:
            cmt = get_object_or_404(Comment, id=comment_id, user=user)
            cmt.delete()
            return Response(status=204)
        except Exception, e:
            return Response({'error': str(e)})